c++實現狀態模式
阿新 • • 發佈:2021-11-18
實驗:用Java程式碼模擬實現課堂上的“銀行賬戶”的例項,要求編寫客戶端測試程式碼模擬使用者存款和取款,注意賬戶物件狀態和行為的變化。
由於是c++,不像java那麼靈活,所以類的呼叫方面出了些許多問題,包括呼叫,出現了很多錯誤,不過好在都解決了。
程式碼:
#include<iostream> using namespace std; class Account; class AccountState{ public: Account *acc; double balance; string stateName; public: virtualView Code1void stateCheck()=0; void deposit(double amount); virtual void withdraw(double amount); }; class Account{ private: AccountState *state; string owner; public: Account(string owner,double init); void setState(AccountState *state) { this->state=state; } AccountState* getState() { return this->state; } string getOwner() { return this->owner; } void deposit(double amount) { state->deposit(amount); } void withdraw(double amount) { state->withdraw(amount); } }; class RedState :public AccountState{public: RedState(AccountState *state) { this->balance = state->balance; this->acc = state->acc; this->stateName="透支狀態"; } void withdraw(double amount){cout<<"您的賬戶處於透支狀態,不能取款!"<<endl;} void stateCheck(); }; class YellowState :public AccountState{ public: YellowState(AccountState *state) { this->balance = state->balance; this->acc = state->acc; this->stateName="欠費狀態"; } void stateCheck(); }; class GreenState:public AccountState{ public: GreenState(double balance,Account *acc) { this->balance = balance; this->acc = acc; this->stateName="正常狀態"; } GreenState(AccountState *state) { this->acc=state->acc; this->balance=state->balance; this->stateName="正常狀態"; } void stateCheck() { if(balance>=-1000&&balance<0) { acc->setState(new YellowState(this)); }else if(balance<-1000) { acc->setState(new RedState(this)); } else{ acc->setState(new GreenState(this)); } } }; void RedState::stateCheck(){ if(balance>=-1000&&balance<0) { acc->setState(new YellowState(this)); }else if(balance<-1000) { acc->setState(new RedState(this)); } else { acc->setState(new GreenState(this)); } } void YellowState::stateCheck() { if(balance>=-1000&&balance<0) { acc->setState(new YellowState(this)); }else if(balance<-1000) { acc->setState(new RedState(this)); } else{ acc->setState(new GreenState(this)); } } void AccountState::deposit(double amount){ cout<<acc->getOwner()<<"存款"<<amount<<endl; this->balance+=amount; stateCheck(); cout<<"賬戶餘額:"<<this->balance<<endl; cout<<"現在賬戶狀態:"<<acc->getState()->stateName<<endl; } void AccountState::withdraw(double amount){ cout<<acc->getOwner()<<"取款"<<amount<<endl; this->balance-=amount; stateCheck(); cout<<"賬戶餘額:"<<this->balance<<endl; cout<<"現在賬戶狀態:"<<acc->getState()->stateName<<endl; } Account::Account(string owner,double init){ this->owner=owner; this->state=new GreenState(init,this); cout<<"恭喜"<<this->owner<<"開戶成功!銀行卡初始金額:"<<init<<endl; cout<<"------------------------------"<<endl; } int main(){ Account *account=new Account("張三",100); account->deposit(100); cout<<"------------------------------"<<endl; account->withdraw(500); cout<<"------------------------------"<<endl; account->deposit(1000); cout<<"------------------------------"<<endl; account->withdraw(2000); cout<<"------------------------------"<<endl; cout<<account->getState()->stateName; account->withdraw(100); cout<<"------------------------------"<<endl; account->deposit(2000); cout<<"------------------------------"<<endl; return 0; }
#include<iostream> using namespace std; class Account; class AccountState{ public: Account *acc; double balance; string stateName; public: virtual void stateCheck()=0; virtual void deposit(double amount)=0; virtual void withdraw(double amount)=0; }; class Account{ private: AccountState *state; string owner; public: Account(string owner,double init); void setState(AccountState *state) { this->state=state; } AccountState* getState() { return this->state; } string getOwner() { return this->owner; } void checkState(){ state->stateCheck(); } void deposit(double amount) { cout<<this->owner<<"存款"<<amount<<endl; state->deposit(amount); cout<<"賬戶餘額:"<<state->balance<<endl; cout<<"現在賬戶狀態:"<<state->stateName<<endl; } void withdraw(double amount) { cout<<this->owner<<"取款"<<amount<<endl; state->withdraw(amount); cout<<"賬戶餘額"<<state->balance<<endl; cout<<"現在賬戶狀態:"<<state->stateName<<endl; } }; class RedState :public AccountState{ public: RedState(AccountState *state) { this->balance = state->balance; this->acc = state->acc; this->stateName="透支狀態"; } void stateCheck(); void deposit(double amount) { this->balance+=amount; stateCheck(); } void withdraw(double amount) { cout<<"您的賬戶處於透支狀態,不能取款!"<<endl; } }; class YellowState :public AccountState{ public: YellowState(AccountState *state) { this->balance = state->balance; this->acc = state->acc; this->stateName="欠費狀態"; } void stateCheck(); void deposit(double amount) { this->balance+=amount; stateCheck(); } void withdraw(double amount) { this->balance-=amount; stateCheck(); } }; class GreenState:public AccountState{ public: GreenState(double balance,Account *acc) { this->balance = balance; this->acc = acc; this->stateName="正常狀態"; } GreenState(AccountState *state) { this->acc=state->acc; this->balance=state->balance; this->stateName="正常狀態"; } void stateCheck() { if(balance>=-1000&&balance<0) { acc->setState(new YellowState(this)); }else if(balance<-1000) { acc->setState(new RedState(this)); } else{ acc->setState(new GreenState(this)); } } void deposit(double amount) { this->balance+=amount; stateCheck(); } void withdraw(double amount) { this->balance-=amount; stateCheck(); } }; void RedState::stateCheck(){ if(balance>=-1000&&balance<0) { acc->setState(new YellowState(this)); }else if(balance<-1000) { acc->setState(new RedState(this)); } else { acc->setState(new GreenState(this)); } } void YellowState::stateCheck() { if(balance>=-1000&&balance<0) { acc->setState(new YellowState(this)); }else if(balance<-1000) { acc->setState(new RedState(this)); } else{ acc->setState(new GreenState(this)); } } Account::Account(string owner,double init){ this->owner=owner; this->state=new GreenState(init,this); cout<<"恭喜"<<this->owner<<"開戶成功!銀行卡初始金額:"<<init<<endl; cout<<"------------------------------"<<endl; } int main(){ Account *account=new Account("張三",100); account->deposit(100); cout<<"------------------------------"<<endl; account->withdraw(500); cout<<"------------------------------"<<endl; account->deposit(1000); cout<<"------------------------------"<<endl; account->withdraw(2000); cout<<"------------------------------"<<endl; account->withdraw(100); cout<<"------------------------------"<<endl; account->deposit(2000); cout<<"------------------------------"<<endl; return 0; }View Code2
兩種方法執行結果:
個人覺得第一種比較好。