fzf - 命令列模糊搜尋神器

阿新 • • 發佈：2021-12-22

fzf 使用
fzf預設環境變數
預覽視窗
實用指令碼
fzf + zsh
fzf + ranger

fzf是一款使用 GO 語言編寫的互動式的 Unix 命令列工具。
可以用來查詢任何 列表內容、檔案、歷史命令、本機繫結的host、程序、 Git 分支、程序 等。所有的命令列工具可以生成列表輸出的都可以再通過管道 pipe 到 fzf 上進行搜尋和查詢

專案地址：https://github.com/junegunn/fzf

fzf 使用

fz f預設會從 STDIN 讀入資料，然後將結果輸出到 STDOUT

find * -type f | fzf

使用更快的fd

fd --type f | fzf

fzf預設環境變數

環境變數：如下表所示：

name	description	example
`FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND`	輸入為 tty 時的預設命令	`export FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND='fd --type f'`
`FZF_DEFAULT_OPTS`	設定預設選項	`export FZF_DEFAULT_OPTS="--height 80% --layout=reverse --inline-info"`
`FZF_CTRL_T_COMMAND`	按鍵對映`<CTRL-T>` 行為設定
`FZF_CTRL_T_OPTS`	按鍵對映`<CTRL-T>`選項設定
`FZF_CTRL_R_OPTS`	按鍵對映`<CTRL-R>`選項設定
`FZF_ALT_C_COMMAND`	按鍵對映`<CTRL-C>`行為設定
`FZF_ALT_C_OPTS`	按鍵對映`<CTRL-C>`選項設定

按鍵繫結：如下表所示：

fzf的安裝指令碼會為 bash，zsh 和 fish 終端設定以下按鍵繫結：

按鍵	描述
`CTRL-T`	命令列列印選中內容
`CTRL-R`	命令列歷史記錄搜尋，並列印輸出
`ALT-C`	模糊搜尋目錄，並進入（`cd` ）

以zsh為例，.zshrc

source /usr/share/fzf/key-bindings.zsh

預覽視窗

如果使用--preview選項， fzf會自動用外部程式開啟現在條目的檔案， {}會被fzf選中行內容代替

fzf --preview 'cat {}'

高亮輸出：

bat: https://github.com/sharkdp/bat
highlight: http://www.andre-simon.de/dok...
ccat:
coderay: http://coderay.rubychan.de/

fzf --preview '[[ $(file --mime {}) =~ binary ]] && echo {} is a binary file || (bat --style=numbers --color=always{} || (ccat --color=always {} || highlight -O ansi -l {} || coderay {} || cat {}) 2> /dev/null | head -500'
}

export FZF_CTRL_T_OPTS="--preview '(highlight -O ansi -l {} 2> /dev/null || cat {} || tree -C {}) 2> /dev/null | head -200'"

實用指令碼

以下指令碼新增到fzf.zsh檔案，.zshrc中引用

Changing directory

# fd - cd to selected directory
fd() {
  local dir
  dir=$(find ${1:-.} -path '*/\.*' -prune \
                  -o -type d -print 2> /dev/null | fzf +m) &&
  cd "$dir"
}

# cda - including hidden directories 
cda() {
  local dir
  dir=$(find ${1:-.} -type d 2> /dev/null | fzf +m) && cd "$dir"
}

# cdf - cd into the directory of the selected file
cdf() {
   local file
   local dir
   file=$(fzf +m -q "$1") && dir=$(dirname "$file") && cd "$dir"
}

# cf - fuzzy cd from anywhere
# ex: cf word1 word2 ... (even part of a file name)
# zsh autoload function
cf() {
  local file

  file="$(locate -Ai -0 $@ | grep -z -vE '~$' | fzf --read0 -0 -1)"

  if [[ -n $file ]]
  then
     if [[ -d $file ]]
     then
        cd -- $file
     else
        cd -- ${file:h}
     fi
  fi
}

Command history

# fh - repeat history
fh() {
  eval $( ([ -n "$ZSH_NAME" ] && fc -l 1 || history) | fzf +s --tac | sed -E 's/ *[0-9]*\*? *//' | sed -E 's/\\/\\\\/g')
}

# fh - repeat history
fh() {
  print -z $( ([ -n "$ZSH_NAME" ] && fc -l 1 || history) | fzf +s --tac | sed -E 's/ *[0-9]*\*? *//' | sed -E 's/\\/\\\\/g')
}

Replacing eval with print -z will push the arguments onto the editing buffer stack, allowing you to edit the command before running it. It also means the command you run will appear in your history rather than just fh

Processes

# fkill - kill process
fkill() {
  local pid
  pid=$(ps -ef | sed 1d | fzf -m | awk '{print $2}')

  if [ "x$pid" != "x" ]
  then
    echo $pid | xargs kill -${1:-9}
  fi
}

# fkill - kill processes - list only the ones you can kill. Modified the earlier script.
fkill() {
    local pid 
    if [ "$UID" != "0" ]; then
        pid=$(ps -f -u $UID | sed 1d | fzf -m | awk '{print $2}')
    else
        pid=$(ps -ef | sed 1d | fzf -m | awk '{print $2}')
    fi  

    if [ "x$pid" != "x" ]
    then
        echo $pid | xargs kill -${1:-9}
    fi  
}

Interactive cd

Suggested by @mgild Like normal cd but opens an interactive navigation window when called with no arguments. For ls, use -FG instead of --color=always on osx.

function cdi() {
    if [[ "$#" != 0 ]]; then
        builtin cd "$@";
        return
    fi
    while true; do
        local lsd=$(echo ".." && ls -p | grep '/$' | sed 's;/$;;')
        local dir="$(printf '%s\n' "${lsd[@]}" |
            fzf --reverse --preview '
                __cd_nxt="$(echo {})";
                __cd_path="$(echo $(pwd)/${__cd_nxt} | sed "s;//;/;")";
                echo $__cd_path;
                echo;
                ls -p --color=always "${__cd_path}";
        ')"
        [[ ${#dir} != 0 ]] || return 0
        builtin cd "$dir" &> /dev/null
    done
}

fzf + zsh

配置檔案.zshrc

# fzf
source /usr/share/fzf/key-bindings.zsh
source ~/.config/fzf/fzf.zsh
export FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND='fd --type f --hidden --follow --exclude .git -E .cache'
export FZF_DEFAULT_OPTS='--height 80% --layout=reverse --preview-window down,30%,border-horizontal --preview "[[ $(file --mime {}) =~ binary ]] && echo {} is a binary file || (ccat --color=always {} || (bat --style=numbers --color=always{} || highlight -O ansi -l {} || cat {}) 2> /dev/null | head -500"'
#export FZF_CTRL_T_COMMAND=$FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND
export FZF_CTRL_T_COMMAND='fd --type f -t d --hidden --follow --exclude .git -E .cache'
export FZF_ALT_C_COMMAND="fd --type d --hidden --follow"

fzf + ranger

ranger配置檔案commands.py

方法一：

class fzf_select(Command):
    """
    :fzf_select
    Find a file using fzf.
    With a prefix argument to select only directories.

    See: https://github.com/junegunn/fzf
    """

    def execute(self):
        import subprocess
        import os
        from ranger.ext.get_executables import get_executables

        if 'fzf' not in get_executables():
            self.fm.notify('Could not find fzf in the PATH.', bad=True)
            return

        fd = None
        if 'fdfind' in get_executables():
            fd = 'fdfind'
        elif 'fd' in get_executables():
            fd = 'fd'

        if fd is not None:
            hidden = ('--hidden' if self.fm.settings.show_hidden else '')
            exclude = "--no-ignore-vcs --exclude '.git' --exclude '*.py[co]' --exclude '__pycache__'"
            only_directories = ('--type directory' if self.quantifier else '')
            fzf_default_command = '{} --follow {} {} {} --color=always'.format(
                fd, hidden, exclude, only_directories
            )
        else:
            hidden = ('-false' if self.fm.settings.show_hidden else r"-path '*/\.*' -prune")
            exclude = r"\( -name '\.git' -o -iname '\.*py[co]' -o -fstype 'dev' -o -fstype 'proc' \) -prune"
            only_directories = ('-type d' if self.quantifier else '')
            fzf_default_command = 'find -L . -mindepth 1 {} -o {} -o {} -print | cut -b3-'.format(
                hidden, exclude, only_directories
            )

        env = os.environ.copy()
        env['FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND'] = fzf_default_command
        env['FZF_DEFAULT_OPTS'] = '--height=80% --layout=reverse --ansi --preview-window down,30% --preview="{}"'.format('''
            (
                batcat --color=always {} ||
                bat --color=always {} ||
                cat {} ||
                tree -ahpCL 3 -I '.git' -I '*.py[co]' -I '__pycache__' {}
            ) 2>/dev/null | head -n 100
        ''')

        fzf = self.fm.execute_command('fzf --no-multi', env=env,
                                      universal_newlines=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
        stdout, _ = fzf.communicate()
        if fzf.returncode == 0:
            selected = os.path.abspath(stdout.strip())
            if os.path.isdir(selected):
                self.fm.cd(selected)
            else:
                self.fm.select_file(selected)

方法二：

# fzf
lass fzf_select(Command):
    """
    :fzf_select
    Find a file using fzf.
    With a prefix argument select only directories.
    See: https://github.com/junegunn/fzf
    """
    def execute(self):
        import subprocess
        import os.path
        if self.quantifier:
            # match only directories
            command="find -L . \( -path '*/\.*' -o -fstype 'dev' -o -fstype 'proc' \) -prune \
            -o -type d -print 2> /dev/null | sed 1d | cut -b3- | fzf +m"
        else:
            # match files and directories
            command="find -L . \( -path '*/\.*' -o -fstype 'dev' -o -fstype 'proc' \) -prune \
            -o -print 2> /dev/null | sed 1d | cut -b3- | fzf +m"
        fzf = self.fm.execute_command(command, universal_newlines=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
        stdout, stderr = fzf.communicate()
        if fzf.returncode == 0:
            fzf_file = os.path.abspath(stdout.rstrip('\n'))
            if os.path.isdir(fzf_file):
                self.fm.cd(fzf_file)
            else:
                self.fm.select_file(fzf_file)

ranger配置檔案rc.conf設定快捷鍵