|NO.Z.00027|——————————|NavigationLog|——|Ubuntu.V20.04.1|
阿新 • • 發佈：2022-03-22
[NavigationIng：Ubuntu.V20.04.1] [NavigationIng.了不起] [Ubuntu20.04.1配置固定IP地址&開啟root許可權&開啟ssh服務&配置國內源地址]
一、Ubuntu啟動root使用者許可權，並使用root登入xshell遠端工具
### --- Ubuntu20.04.1安裝完成之後預設是沒有root使用者登入許可權： ### --- 使用普通使用者登入，建立root使用者的密碼 yanqi@ubuntu:~$ sudo passwd [sudo] password for yanqi: New password: Retype new password: passwd: password updated successfully
### --- 修改/usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-ubuntu.conf配置檔案 yanqi@ubuntu:~$ ll /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-ubuntu.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 29 3月 26 2020 /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-ubuntu.conf yanqi@ubuntu:~$ sudo chmod 666 /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-ubuntu.conf yanqi@ubuntu:~$ ll /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-ubuntu.conf -rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 29 3月 26 2020 /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-ubuntu.conf yanqi@ubuntu:~$ sudo vim /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-ubuntu.conf greeter-show-manual-login=true all-guest=false
### --- 修改/etc/pam.d/gdm-autologin配置檔案： yanqi@ubuntu:~$ ll /etc/pam.d/gdm-autologin -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1192 10月 8 2019 /etc/pam.d/gdm-autologin yanqi@ubuntu:~$ sudo chmod 666 /etc/pam.d/gdm-autologin yanqi@ubuntu:~$ ll /etc/pam.d/gdm-autologin -rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1192 10月 8 2019 /etc/pam.d/gdm-autologin yanqi@ubuntu:~$ sudo vim /etc/pam.d/gdm-autologin #auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet_success // 註釋掉第三行
### --- 修改/etc/pam.d/gdm-password配置檔案：
yanqi@ubuntu:~$ ll /etc/pam.d/gdm-password
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1320 10月 8 2019 /etc/pam.d/gdm-password
yanqi@ubuntu:~$ sudo chmod 666 /etc/pam.d/gdm-password
yanqi@ubuntu:~$ ll /etc/pam.d/gdm-password
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1320 10月 8 2019 /etc/pam.d/gdm-password
yanqi@ubuntu:~$ sudo vim /etc/pam.d/gdm-password
#auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet_success // 註釋掉第三行的### --- 修改/root/.profile配置檔案
yanqi@ubuntu:~$ su root
root@ubuntu:~# ll /root/.profile
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 161 12月 5 2019 /root/.profile
root@ubuntu:~# chmod 666 /root/.profile
root@ubuntu:~# ll /root/.profile
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 161 12月 5 2019 /root/.profile
root@ubuntu:~# vim /root/.profile
# mesg n 2> /dev/null || true // 註釋掉這一行
tty -s&&mesg n || true // 新增tty開啟狀態### --- Ubuntu配置虛擬機器靜態固定ip地址：
root@ubuntu:~# vim /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml
ethernets:
ens33:
dhcp4: false
addresses: [192.168.1.92/24]
gateway4: 192.168.1.1
nameservers:
addresses: [114.114.114.114,8.8.8.8]
root@ubuntu:~# netplan apply### --- Ubuntu開啟ssh服務，並通過xshell遠端連線：
root@ubuntu:~# apt-get install openssh-server openssh-client
root@ubuntu:~# chmod 666 /etc/ssh/sshd_config
root@ubuntu:~# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
# Authentication:
#LoginGraceTime 2m
#PermitRootLogin prohibit-password
PermitRootLogin yes
StrictModes yes
root@ubuntu:~# systemctl restart ssh### --- 更改Ubuntu下載原地址為國內源
root@ubuntu:~# chmod 666 /etc/apt/sources.list
root@ubuntu:~# vim /etc/apt/sources.list // 編輯配置檔案，更換為國內源地址 //使用清華源地址
root@ubuntu:~# apt-get update && apt-get upgrade // 可以保證系統的完整性（upgrade更新，若依賴關係無法解決可能會報錯或停止）
root@ubuntu:~# apt-get dist-upgrade // 該命令也是更新所有軟體包（慎用：自動解決依賴關係，可能更新一些不需要更新的包，導致一些需要依賴就報的程式無法執行）。
root@ubuntu:~# apt-get clean 附錄一：國內常用源地址：
### --- 阿里雲源地址
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse### --- 清華源地址
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ eoan-proposed main restricted universe multiverse===============================END===============================
Walter Savage Landor:strove with none,for none was worth my strife.Nature I loved and, next to Nature, Art:I warm'd both hands before the fire of life.It sinks, and I am ready to depart ——W.S.Landor
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