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CentOS下Apache Doris Oracle ODBC外表使用指南

1.軟體環境

  1. 作業系統:CentOS 7.8
  2. Apache Doris :0.15
  3. Postgresql資料庫:oracle 19c
  4. UnixODBC:2.3.1
  5. Oracle ODBC :instantclient-odbc-linux.x64-19.13.0.0.0dbru

2.Oracle安裝部署

因為是測試沒有Oracle的環境,由於安裝比較繁瑣耗時,所以通過Docker進行快速安裝部署,下面給出各個版本的Docker映象地址

2.1 Oracle 21C

# 從Docker hub下載,網路不好時,一般比較慢 
docker pull lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0 
# 可以選擇從阿里雲下載 
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0 
# 從阿里雲下載後可以tag成如下形式 
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0 lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0

啟動容器

# 1、建立容器 
docker run -d --name lhroracle21c -h lhroracle21c \
-p 5510:5500 -p 55100:5501 -p 1530:1521  -p 3400:3389 \
-v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup \
--privileged=true lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0 \
/usr/sbin/init   
# 2、進入容器 
docker exec -it lhroracle21c bash   
# 3、啟動監聽和資料庫 
su - oracle 
sas 
startup 
lsnrctl start

2.2 Oracle 19C

請參照:

2.3 Oracle 18C

## 拉取映象
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/zhengqing/oracle18c
## 執行容器
docker run -d --name oracle18c -p 1521:1521 registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/zhengqing/oracle18c

2.4 Oracle 12C

##拉取映象
docker pull quay.io/maksymbilenko/oracle-12c
##執行容器
docker run -d -p 8080:8080 -p 1521:1521 -v /my/oracle/data:/u01/app/oracle quay.io/maksymbilenko/oracle-12c

2.5 Oracle 11g

##拉取映象
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/helowin/oracle_11g
##執行容器
docker run -d -p 1521:1521 --name oracle11g registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/helowin/oracle_11g

3.安裝unixODBC驅動

首先我們安裝unixODBC驅動、這裡直接給出驅動的安裝命令

yum install unixODBC unixODBC-devel libtool-ltdl libtool-ltdl-devel

安裝完成之後執行odbcinst -j,看到下面資訊說明安裝成功

#odbcinst -j
unixODBC 2.3.1
DRIVERS............: /etc/odbcinst.ini
SYSTEM DATA SOURCES: /etc/odbc.ini
FILE DATA SOURCES..: /etc/ODBCDataSources
USER DATA SOURCES..: /root/.odbc.ini
SQLULEN Size.......: 8
SQLLEN Size........: 8
SQLSETPOSIROW Size.: 8

4.安裝Oracle ODBC驅動及測試

4.1 安裝驅動

我們需要下載下面這幾個安裝包:

oracle-instantclient19.13-basic-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient19.13-devel-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient19.13-sqlplus-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm

下面是下載地址:

https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-sqlplus-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-devel-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-basic-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm

然後執行安裝上面四個包

rpm -ivh  oracle-instantclient19.13-basic-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh  oracle-instantclient19.13-devel-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh  oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh  oracle-instantclient19.13-sqlplus-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm

驗證我們安裝的ODBC驅動動態連結庫是否正確

root@iZbp1cq4g9n8chsy7hcafhZ:~/doris/be/conf# ldd /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libsqora.so.19.1
  linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffefef27000)
  libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f43e80b0000)
  libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f43e7f61000)
  libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f43e7f3e000)
  libnsl.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnsl.so.1 (0x00007f43e7f21000)
  librt.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt.so.1 (0x00007f43e7f16000)
  libaio.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaio.so.1 (0x00007f43e7f11000)
  libresolv.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libresolv.so.2 (0x00007f43e7ef3000)
  libclntsh.so.19.1 => /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libclntsh.so.19.1 (0x00007f43e3d6f000)
  libclntshcore.so.19.1 => /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libclntshcore.so.19.1 (0x00007f43e37cb000)
  libodbcinst.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libodbcinst.so.2 (0x00007f43e37b3000)
  libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f43e35c1000)
  /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f43e8379000)
  libnnz19.so => /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libnnz19.so (0x00007f43e2f4a000)
  libltdl.so.7 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libltdl.so.7 (0x00007f43e2f3d000)

4.2 配置環境變數

sudo vi ~/.bashrc

加入下面的內容

export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export ORACLE_SID=LEI
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

4.3 配置tnsnames.ora檔案

cd /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64
mkdir -p network/admin
vi tnsnames.ora 

加入下面的內容(注意修改成自己的,這裡是示例)

demo =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.28.7.211)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      ( SERVICE_NAME = LEI)
    )
  )

注意

  1. 將HOST、PORT換成你自己的
  2. SERVICE_NAME :這個是我們啟動Oracle docker的時候設定的ORACLE_SID

4.4 配置odbcinst.ini

這裡使用RPM包安裝的額ODBC驅動動態連結庫在 /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/目錄下

root@iZbp1cq4g9n8chsy7hcafhZ:~/instantclient_21_4# ll /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/
total 236232
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root      4096 Jan  2 11:04 ./
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root      4096 Jan  1 19:47 ../
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root       342 Nov 27 02:41 glogin.sql
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        21 Jan  1 19:43 libclntshcore.so -> libclntshcore.so.19.1*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   8057664 Nov 27 02:39 libclntshcore.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        17 Jan  1 19:43 libclntsh.so -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        17 Jan  1 19:43 libclntsh.so.10.1 -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        17 Jan  1 19:43 libclntsh.so.11.1 -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        17 Jan  1 19:43 libclntsh.so.12.1 -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        17 Jan  1 19:43 libclntsh.so.18.1 -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  81679160 Nov 27 02:39 libclntsh.so.19.1*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   3642520 Nov 27 02:39 libipc1.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    478728 Nov 27 02:39 libmql1.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   5831752 Nov 27 02:39 libnnz19.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   2342024 Nov 27 02:39 libocci.so.19.1*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 130543568 Nov 27 02:39 libociei.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    153464 Nov 27 02:39 libocijdbc19.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    116376 Nov 27 02:39 liboramysql19.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   1660776 Nov 27 02:41 libsqlplusic.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   1572432 Nov 27 02:41 libsqlplus.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   1070192 Nov 27 02:41 libsqora.so.19.1* ---這裡是要使用的ODBC動態連結庫
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root      4096 Jan  1 19:43 network/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   4355723 Nov 27 02:39 ojdbc8.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    313026 Nov 27 02:41 ottclasses.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     37519 Nov 27 02:39 xstreams.jar

編輯/etc/odbcinst.ini,在最後加上下面的內容

[Oracle 19 ODBC driver]
Description     = Oracle ODBC driver for Oracle 19
Driver          = /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libsqora.so.19.1
Setup           =
FileUsage       =
CPTimeout       =
CPReuse         =

配置odbc.ini,在最後加上下面的內容

[oracle]
Driver = Oracle 19 ODBC driver ---這裡的名稱是上面odbcinst.ini裡oracle部分用[]括起來的內容
ServerName =172.16.192.81:1521/LEI --這裡是你的oracle資料ip地址,埠及SID
UserID = C##dbuser  --這裡是我們上面建立的使用者名稱
Password = zhangfeng   --密碼

驗證ODBC

isql oracle
+---------------------------------------+
| Connected!                            |
|                                       |
| sql-statement                         |
| help [tablename]                      |
| quit                                  |
|                                       |
+---------------------------------------+

顯示一切正常

5.Apache Doris Oracle外表驗證

5.1 修改配置

修改BE節點conf/odbcinst.ini檔案,加入剛才/etc/odbcinst.ini新增的一樣內容,並刪除原先的Oracle配置,加上你剛才安裝的,如下:

[Oracle 19 ODBC driver]
Description     = Oracle ODBC driver for Oracle 19
Driver          = /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libsqora.so.19.1

5.2 驗證

建立oracle的ODBC Resource

 CREATE EXTERNAL RESOURCE `oracle_19`
 PROPERTIES (
    "host" = "172.16.192.81",
    "port" = "1521",
    "user" = "C##dbuser",
    "password" = "zhangfeng",
    "database" = "LEI", --這裡是你的資料庫示例名稱,也就是我們在docker啟動時的ORACLE_SID
    "driver" = "Oracle 19 ODBC driver",   ---這裡的名稱一定和你在be odbcinst.ini裡的oracle部分的[]裡的內容一樣,重要
    "odbc_type" = "oracle",
    "type" = "odbc_catalog"
 );

建立ODBC外表

CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `oracle_odbc` (
    person_id int,
    first_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    last_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
) ENGINE=ODBC
COMMENT "ODBC"
PROPERTIES (
  "odbc_catalog_resource" = "oracle_19", 
  "database" = "LEI",
  "table" = "persons"
);

下面我們看執行結果

mysql>  CREATE EXTERNAL RESOURCE `oracle_19`
    ->  PROPERTIES (
    ->  "host" = "172.16.192.81",
    ->  "port" = "1521",
    ->  "user" = "C##dbuser",
    ->  "password" = "zhangfeng",
    ->  "database" = "LEI",
    ->  "driver" = "Oracle 19 ODBC driver",
    ->  "odbc_type" = "oracle",
    ->  "type" = "odbc_catalog"
    ->  );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
mysql>  CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `oracle_odbc` (
    ->     person_id int,
    ->     first_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    ->     last_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
    -> ) ENGINE=ODBC
    -> COMMENT "ODBC"
    -> PROPERTIES (
    -> "odbc_catalog_resource" = "oracle_19",
    -> "database" = "LEI",
    -> "table" = "persons"
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from oracle_odbc;
+-----------+------------+-----------+
| person_id | first_name | last_name |
+-----------+------------+-----------+
|         1 | zhang      | feng      |
|         2 | 張峰       | |
|         3 | zhangfeng  | 峰值      |
+-----------+------------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.06 sec)

OK一切正常,正常情況下,Oracle ODBC驅動只要你的資料庫版本和你的ODBC驅動版本(大版本號對上就行)一致,就基本不會出問題。

 

6.Oracle 各個版本和ODBC驅動程式的對應關係

這個同樣適用於Ubuntu作業系統下

Oracle版本 Oracle ODBC版本
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0
Oracle Database 12c Standard Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0
Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0
Oracle Database 21c Enterprise Edition Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0
   

Oracle ODBC驅動版本下載地址:

https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-sqlplus-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-devel-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm