網上大多數部落格講的xfs分割槽擴容都是基於LVM邏輯管理的，但是我這裡有一塊磁碟/dev/sdb，大小隻有50G，格式化的xfs檔案系統，但是現在想擴容到100G大小，所以可以這樣做：
首先看一下當前/dev/sdb磁碟

[root@localhost ~]# df -Th
Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                devtmpfs  1.2G     0  1.2G   0% /dev
tmpfs                   tmpfs     1.2G     0  1.2G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                   tmpfs     1.2G  9.3M  1.2G   1% /run
tmpfs                   tmpfs     1.2G     0  1.2G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        22G  1.5G   21G   7% /
/dev/sda1               xfs      1014M  186M  829M  19% /boot
tmpfs                   tmpfs     234M     0  234M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1               xfs        50G   33M   50G   1% /data
[root@localhost ~]# cat /data/haha/a.txt 
abcdefg
hijklmn
opqrstu
vwxyz
 

其中/dev/sdb1分割槽有大小50G的空間，已經全部被格式化為xfs檔案系統並掛載到/data目錄下了。並且該目錄下面有儲存的檔案a.txt。現在要擴容到100G的空間。
1、首先是vmware磁碟擴容
把虛擬機器關機，然後點選擴容


整好之後開機後進行一波操作
2、檢視當前系統的磁碟

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
fd0               2:0    1    4K  0 disk 
sda               8:0    0   25G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0   24G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0 21.5G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0  2.5G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0  100G  0 disk 
└─sdb1            8:17   0   50G  0 part 
sr0              11:0    1  4.2G  0 rom  
 

發現磁碟並沒有擴大，繼續往下
3、解除安裝之前的資料盤
注意：一定要提前備份好資料

umount /data

4、fdisk命令擴容

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): p                                                                                #列印當前分割槽

Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xf9cd0df5

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048   104857599    52427776   83  Linux

Command (m for help): d                                                                               #刪除分割槽，但是接下來千萬不要儲存
Selected partition 1
Partition 1 is deleted

Command (m for help): n                                                                               #開始建立新分割槽/dev/sdb1
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p):                                                                                     #一路回車即可
Using default response p                                                
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199): 
Using default value 209715199
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set                                                      #現在已經是100G空間了

Command (m for help): w                                                                                #儲存分割槽並退出
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
 

5、修復分割槽

[root@localhost ~]# xfs_repair /dev/sdb1
Phase 1 - find and verify superblock...
Phase 2 - using internal log
        - zero log...
        - scan filesystem freespace and inode maps...
        - found root inode chunk
Phase 3 - for each AG...
        - scan and clear agi unlinked lists...
        - process known inodes and perform inode discovery...
        - agno = 0
        - agno = 1
        - agno = 2
        - agno = 3
        - process newly discovered inodes...
Phase 4 - check for duplicate blocks...
        - setting up duplicate extent list...
        - check for inodes claiming duplicate blocks...
        - agno = 0
        - agno = 1
        - agno = 2
        - agno = 3
Phase 5 - rebuild AG headers and trees...
        - reset superblock...
Phase 6 - check inode connectivity...
        - resetting contents of realtime bitmap and summary inodes
        - traversing filesystem ...
        - traversal finished ...
        - moving disconnected inodes to lost+found ...
Phase 7 - verify and correct link counts...
done

6、重新掛載磁碟

mount /dev/sdb1 /data

7、擴容磁碟

[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/sdb1
meta-data=/dev/sdb1              isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=3276736 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=13106944, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=6399, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 13106944 to 26214144

看到最後一行data blocks changed from 13106944 to 26214144就表示擴容了
7、再次檢視分割槽大小

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
fd0               2:0    1    4K  0 disk 
sda               8:0    0   25G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0   24G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0 21.5G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0  2.5G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0  100G  0 disk 
└─sdb1            8:17   0  100G  0 part /data
sr0              11:0    1  4.2G  0 rom  

成功了
建議：雖然測試過程中原有的磁碟的資料沒有被毀壞，但是仍然強烈建議提前備份好原有資料