SpringMVC:SSM整合入門案例
阿新 • • 發佈:2022-04-22
1.我自己的開發環境
- IDEA 2020.3.3
- MySQL 8.0.28
- Tomcat 9.0.32
- Maven 3.6.1
2.資料庫搭建
建立一個存放書籍資料的資料庫表
CREATE DATABASE ssmbuild; USE ssmbuild CREATE TABLE books ( bookID INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '書ID', bookName VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '書名', bookCounts INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '數量', detail VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述', KEY bookID (bookID) ) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 SHOW CREATE TABLE books INSERT INTO books (bookID, bookName, bookCounts, detail) VALUES (1, 'Java', 1, '從入門到放棄'), (2, 'MySQL', 10, '從刪庫到跑路'), (3, 'Linux', 5, '從進門到進牢'); SELECT * FROM books
3.專案環境搭建
新建一個maven專案,新增web支援或直接新建web專案,匯入相關依賴
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <!--Database driver--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.11</version> </dependency> <!--JDBC connection pool--> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5.5</version> </dependency> <!--Servlet - JSP--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!--Mybatis--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.0.7</version> </dependency> <!--Spring--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.3.18</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.3.19</version> </dependency> <!--Lombok--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.22</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>RELEASE</version> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>
可能出現的問題:靜態資源不能匯出,pom.xml配置靜態資源過濾
<build> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> </resources> </build>
建立基本結構
- com.barry.pojo
- com.barry.mapper
- com.barry.service
- com.barry.controller
配置框架
- mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
</configuration>
- applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
</beans>
4.Mybatis層編寫
資料庫配置檔案 database.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=GMT
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=970814
編寫MyBatis核心配置檔案
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--datasource configuration -> Spring-->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.barry.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.barry.mapper.BookMapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
編寫資料庫對應的實體類com.barry.pojo.Books,使用了lombok外掛
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
}
編寫Dao層的Mapper介面
public interface BookMapper {
//增加一本書
int addBook(Books books);
//刪除一本書
int deleteBookByID(@Param("bookID") int id);
//更新一本書
int updateBook(Books books);
//查詢一本書
Books queryBookByID(@Param("bookID") int id);
//查詢全部的書
List<Books> queryAllBook();
//根據書名查詢一本書
Books queryBookByName(String bookName);
}
編寫介面對應的Mapper.xml檔案
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.barry.mapper.BookMapper">
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName, bookCounts, detail)
values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail});
</insert>
<delete id="deleteBookByID" parameterType="_int">
delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID}
</delete>
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
update ssmbuild.books
set bookName=#{bookName},bookCounts=#{bookCounts},detail=#{detail}
where bookID=#{bookID}
</update>
<select id="queryBookByID" parameterType="_int" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID}
</select>
<select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books
</select>
<select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books where bookName=#{bookName}
</select>
</mapper>
編寫Service層的介面和實現類,Service層呼叫Dao層
public interface BookService {
//增加一本書
int addBook(Books books);
//刪除一本書
int deleteBookByID(int id);
//更新一本書
int updateBook(Books books);
//查詢一本書
Books queryBookByID(int id);
//查詢全部的書
List<Books> queryAllBook();
Books queryBookByName(String bookName);
}
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
//業務層調DAO層:組合DAO
private BookMapper bookMapper;
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
}
@Override
public int addBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.addBook(books);
}
@Override
public int deleteBookByID(int id) {
return bookMapper.deleteBookByID(id);
}
@Override
public int updateBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
}
@Override
public Books queryBookByID(int id) {
return bookMapper.queryBookByID(id);
}
@Override
public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
}
@Override
public Books queryBookByName(String bookName) {
return bookMapper.queryBookByName(bookName);
}
}
OK,到此,底層需求操作編寫完畢!
5.Spring層
配置Spring整合MyBatis,資料來源使用了c3p0連線池,配置檔案spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--1.關聯資料庫配置檔案-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
<!--2.連線池
dpcp:半自動化操作,不能自動連線
c3p0:自動化操作,自動化的載入配置檔案,並且可以自動設定到物件中
druid:hikari
-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<!-- c3p0連線池的私有屬性 -->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
<!-- 關閉連線後不自動commit -->
<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
<!-- 獲取連線超時時間 -->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
<!-- 當獲取連線失敗重試次數 -->
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
</bean>
<!--3.sqlSessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--繫結Mybatis配置檔案-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- 4.配置掃描Dao介面包,動態實現Dao介面注入到spring容器中 -->
<!--解釋 : https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<!-- 給出需要掃描Dao介面包 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.barry.mapper"/>
</bean>
</beans>
Spring整合Service層
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 掃描service相關的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.barry.service" />
<!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中-->
<bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.barry.service.BookServiceImpl">
<property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!-- 注入資料庫連線池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<!--aop事務支援-->
</beans>
Spring就是一個大雜燴,一個容器!
6.SpringMVC層
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!--一定要注意:我們這裡載入的是總的配置檔案,之前被這裡坑了!-->
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--encodingFilter-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Session過期時間-->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
<!-- 1.開啟SpringMVC註解驅動 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 2.靜態資源預設servlet配置-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 3.配置jsp 顯示ViewResolver檢視解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 4.掃描web相關的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.barry.controller" />
</beans>
Spring配置整合,applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>
配置檔案暫時結束!接下來就是Controller和檢視層的編寫了
BookController類編寫
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
//Controller呼叫Service層
@Autowired
@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService;
//查詢全部書籍,並且返回到一個書籍展示頁面
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model) {
List<Books> books = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list", books);
return "allBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPaper() {
return "addBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addPaper(Books books) {
System.out.println(books);
bookService.addBook(books);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) {
Books books = bookService.queryBookByID(id);
System.out.println(books);
model.addAttribute("book", books);
return "updateBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Books book) {
System.out.println(book);
bookService.updateBook(book);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/del/{bookID}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookID") int id) {
bookService.deleteBookByID(id);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/queryBook")
public String queryBook(String queryBookName, Model model) {
System.out.println("要查詢的書籍" + queryBookName);
Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName);
List<Books> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add(books);
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "allBook"; //redirect?
}
}
編寫首頁index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>首頁</title>
<style type="text/css">
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: black;
font-size: 18px;
}
h3 {
width: 180px;
height: 38px;
margin: 100px auto;
text-align: center;
line-height: 38px;
background: deepskyblue;
border-radius: 4px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">進入書籍頁面</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>
書籍列表頁面allBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>書籍列表</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>書籍列表 —— 顯示所有書籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 column"></div>
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<form class="form-inline" action="/book/queryBook" method="post" style="float: right">
<input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="輸入查詢書名" required>
<input type="submit" value="查詢" class="btn btn-primary">
</form>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>書籍編號</th>
<th>書籍名字</th>
<th>書籍數量</th>
<th>書籍詳情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
<tr>
<td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
<td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">刪除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
新增書籍頁面addBook.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>新增書籍</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>新增書籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
書籍名稱:<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>
書籍數量:<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br>
書籍詳情:<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="新增">
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
修改書籍頁面update.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>修改資訊</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>修改資訊</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/>
書籍名稱:<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/>
書籍數量:<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/>
書籍詳情:<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</div>
配置Tomcat,執行,大功告成!