【開發指南】如何為nexus 5編譯韌體
nexus 5是谷歌的親兒子，而android的原始碼是開源的，那如果我有一個nexus 5手機，為何不自己為nexus 5編譯軟體呢？
開搞，本文假定已經有android 5.1的原始碼並已經配置好開發環境，如果沒有則參考google官方文件下載原始碼並配置開發環境。參考https://source.android.com/source/initializing.html以及https://source.android.com/source/downloading.html。注意，這個過程可能需要訪問外國網站，作為程式設計師的我們，訪問外國網站不是小菜一碟。
另外你需要知道AOSP，AOSP即Android Open Source Project 漢語意思是：谷歌開放原始碼專案。我們通過Google官方下載的原始碼，就是AOSP的程式碼，其中是不包含Google開發的那些個應用的,各個廠商拿到的也是這個版本，在這個版本的基礎上進行修改。而Google釋出的工廠韌體則是包含全套Google服務的。廠商如果想安裝Google服務，就需要過Google的那一套認證，比較麻煩，而且價格不菲，鑑於Google在國內的尷尬地位，國內很多廠商都沒有過這個認證。所以，我們自己編譯的出來的軟體和nexus 5官方放出來的刷機包還是有區別的。
1. 初始化編譯環境
. build/envsetup.sh
2. 載入機型
lunch
3. 選擇要編譯的機器
You're building on Linux Lunch menu... pick a combo: 1. aosp_arm-eng 2. aosp_arm64-eng 3. aosp_mips-eng 4. aosp_mips64-eng 5. aosp_x86-eng 6. aosp_x86_64-eng 7. aosp_shamu-userdebug 8. aosp_manta-userdebug 9. full_fugu-userdebug 10. aosp_fugu-userdebug 11. aosp_grouper-userdebug 12. aosp_tilapia-userdebug 13. aosp_deb-userdebug 14. aosp_flo-userdebug 15. aosp_mako-userdebug 16. aosp_hammerhead-userdebug 17. aosp_flounder-userdebug 18. mini_emulator_x86_64-userdebug 19. mini_emulator_arm-userdebug 20. mini_emulator_x86-userdebug 21. mini_emulator_mips-userdebug 22. mini_emulator_arm64-userdebug
3.1 機型對照表
Device |
Code name |
Build configuration |
|---|---|---|
Nexus 6 |
shamu |
aosp_shamu-userdebug |
Nexus Player |
fugu |
aosp_fugu-userdebug |
Nexus 9 |
volantis (flounder) |
aosp_flounder-userdebug |
Nexus 5 (GSM/LTE) |
hammerhead |
aosp_hammerhead-userdebug |
Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) |
razor (flo) |
aosp_flo-userdebug |
Nexus 7 (Mobile) |
razorg (deb) |
aosp_deb-userdebug |
Nexus 10 |
mantaray (manta) |
full_manta-userdebug |
Nexus 4 |
occam (mako) |
full_mako-userdebug |
Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) |
nakasi (grouper) |
full_grouper-userdebug |
Nexus 7 (Mobile) |
nakasig (tilapia) |
full_tilapia-userdebug |
Galaxy Nexus (GSM/HSPA+) |
yakju (maguro) |
full_maguro-userdebug |
Galaxy Nexus (Verizon) |
mysid (toro) |
aosp_toro-userdebug |
Galaxy Nexus (Experimental) |
mysidspr (toroplus) |
aosp_toroplus-userdebug |
PandaBoard (Archived) |
panda |
aosp_panda-userdebug |
Motorola Xoom (U.S. Wi-Fi) |
wingray |
full_wingray-userdebug |
Nexus S |
soju (crespo) |
full_crespo-userdebug |
Nexus S 4G |
sojus (crespo4g) |
full_crespo4g-userdebug |
3.2 三個版本說明版本
user |
limited access; suited for production |
userdebug |
like “user” but with root access and debuggability; preferred for debugging |
eng |
development configuration with additional debugging tools |
選擇aosp_hammerhead-userdebug之後,會有下面的確認資訊:
============================================
PLATFORM_VERSION_CODENAME=REL
PLATFORM_VERSION=5.0.50.50.50.50
TARGET_PRODUCT=aosp_hammerhead
TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT=userdebug
TARGET_BUILD_TYPE=release
TARGET_BUILD_APPS=
TARGET_ARCH=arm
TARGET_ARCH_VARIANT=armv7-a-neon
TARGET_CPU_VARIANT=krait
TARGET_2ND_ARCH=
TARGET_2ND_ARCH_VARIANT=
TARGET_2ND_CPU_VARIANT=
HOST_ARCH=x86_64
HOST_OS=linux
HOST_OS_EXTRA=Linux-3.13.0-37-generic-x86_64-with-Ubuntu-14.10-utopic
HOST_BUILD_TYPE=release
BUILD_ID=AOSP
OUT_DIR=out
============================================
4.生成驅動目錄
接下來需要在Android官網下載 Nexus5所需要的驅動:https://developers.google.com/android/nexus/drivers#hammerheadlrx22c
下載完成後,解壓出來是三個.sh檔案,放到Android原始碼目錄下面,然後執行.會將相關驅動放到vender目錄下面.
5. 執行編譯命令
make -j8
如果沒有出錯的話,在經過漫長的時間之後,編譯成功:
6. 刷機命令
Nexus5關機狀態下,長按音量下+電源,即可進入recovery模式, 然後在原始碼根目錄下執行下面命令:
fastboot -w flashall
刷機成功後會自動重啟
~/ fastboot -w flashall
target reported max download size of 1073741824 bytes
Creating filesystem with parameters:
Size: 13725835264
Block size: 4096
Blocks per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 8144
Inode size: 256
Journal blocks: 32768
Label:
Blocks: 3351034
Block groups: 103
Reserved block group size: 823
Created filesystem with 11/838832 inodes and 93654/3351034 blocks
Creating filesystem with parameters:
Size: 734003200
Block size: 4096
Blocks per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 7472
Inode size: 256
Journal blocks: 2800
Label:
Blocks: 179200
Block groups: 6
Reserved block group size: 47
Created filesystem with 11/44832 inodes and 5813/179200 blocks
--------------------------------------------
Bootloader Version...: HHZ12d
Baseband Version.....: M8974A-2.0.50.2.22
Serial Number........: 08ade1a513dc087b
--------------------------------------------
checking product...
OKAY [ 0.100s]
sending 'boot' (8950 KB)...
OKAY [ 0.500s]
writing 'boot'...
OKAY [ 0.784s]
sending 'recovery' (9672 KB)...
OKAY [ 0.556s]
writing 'recovery'...
OKAY [ 0.814s]
erasing 'system'...
OKAY [ 1.166s]
sending 'system' (328187 KB)...
OKAY [ 10.501s]
writing 'system'...
OKAY [ 23.623s]
erasing 'userdata'...
OKAY [ 14.657s]
sending 'userdata' (137318 KB)...
OKAY [ 4.520s]
writing 'userdata'...
OKAY [ 9.776s]
erasing 'cache'...
OKAY [ 0.618s]
sending 'cache' (13348 KB)...
OKAY [ 0.630s]
writing 'cache'...
OKAY [ 1.070s]
rebooting...
finished. total time: 70.095s