自動化運維之PSSH
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-07-24
1.PSSH簡介
PSSH提供OpenSSH和相關工具的並行版本。包括pssh，pscp，prsync，pnuke和pslurp。該專案包括psshlib，可以在自定義應用程式中使用。
pssh是python寫的可以併發在多臺機器上批量執行命令的工具，它的用法可以媲美ansible的一些簡單用法，執行起來速度比ansible快它支援檔案並行複製，遠端命令執行，殺掉遠端主機上的程序等等。殺手鐗是檔案並行複製，，當進行再遠端主機批量上傳下載的時候，最好使用它。
專案地址:https://code.google.com/archive/p/parallel-ssh/
2.PSSH使用
2.1 安裝PSSH
前提條件：注意需要安裝 python 2.4 或以上版本
wget https://clsn.io/files/pssh/pssh-2.3.1.tar.gz tar zxf pssh-2.3.1.tar.gz cd pssh-2.3.1 python setup.py install
安裝過程
[[email protected] /opt/pssh-2.3.1] #python setup.py install running install running build running build_py creating build creating build/lib creating build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/task.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/askpass_server.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/__init__.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/cli.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/psshutil.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/manager.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/askpass_client.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/version.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/color.py -> build/lib/psshlib running build_scripts creating build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pssh -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pnuke -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/prsync -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pslurp -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pscp -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pssh-askpass -> build/scripts-2.6 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pssh from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pnuke from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/prsync from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pslurp from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pscp from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pssh-askpass from 644 to 755 running install_lib creating /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/task.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/askpass_server.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/__init__.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/cli.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/psshutil.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/manager.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/askpass_client.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/version.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/color.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/task.py to task.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/askpass_server.py to askpass_server.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/__init__.py to __init__.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/cli.py to cli.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/psshutil.py to psshutil.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/manager.py to manager.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/askpass_client.py to askpass_client.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/version.py to version.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/color.py to color.pyc running install_scripts copying build/scripts-2.6/pscp -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/prsync -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/pnuke -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/pssh -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/pssh-askpass -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/pslurp -> /usr/bin changing mode of /usr/bin/pscp to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/prsync to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/pnuke to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/pssh to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/pssh-askpass to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/pslurp to 755 running install_data creating /usr/man creating /usr/man/man1 copying man/man1/pssh.1 -> /usr/man/man1 copying man/man1/pscp.1 -> /usr/man/man1 copying man/man1/prsync.1 -> /usr/man/man1 copying man/man1/pslurp.1 -> /usr/man/man1 copying man/man1/pnuke.1 -> /usr/man/man1 running install_egg_info Writing /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pssh-2.3.1-py2.6.egg-info
2.2 安裝完成
使用yum安裝後，只能使用pssh，但是編譯安裝後會包括其他命令也安裝了（pscp prsync pnuke pslurp）
pssh：在遠端多臺主機上並行執行命令
Example: pssh -h hosts.txt -l irb2 -o /tmp/foo uptime
pscp :把檔案並行複製到多臺遠端主機上
Example: pscp -h hosts.txt -l irb2 foo.txt /home/irb2/foo.txt
prsync:使用rsync協議本地檔案同步到遠端多臺主機上。
Example: prsync -r -h hosts.txt -l irb2 foo /home/irb2/foo
pnuke:在遠端多臺主機上並行killall某一程序
Example: pnuke -h hosts.txt -l irb2 java
pslurp:把檔案從遠端多臺主機上覆制到本地主機上
Example: pslurp -h hosts.txt -L /tmp/outdir -l irb2 /home/irb2/foo.txt foo.txt
2.3 pssh引數說明
-h HOST_FILE 後邊跟遠端主機列表（ip）
-H HOST_STRING 後邊跟遠端主機名或者ip地址
-l USER 指定遠端主機的使用者名稱-p PAR 指定pssh最大的並行執行緒數。
-o 將輸出的內容重定向到一個指定的檔案中
-O 指定ssh引數的具體配置
-e 將執行錯誤重定向到一個指定的檔案中
-t 設定命令執行超時時間
-x 傳遞ssh命令的一些引數
-i 在遠端主機上執行命令完成後顯示標準輸出和標準錯誤
-P 在執行遠端命令時，輸出執行結果
2.4 其他常用的方法
pssh使用幫助
pssh --help
pssh檢視所有伺服器的uptime
-h list 指定了執行命令的機器列表 -A表示提示輸入密碼（如果機器都是ssh key打通的則無需加-A） pssh -i -A -h list 'uptime'
使用pscp向一堆機器分發檔案
pscp -h list localfile remote_dir
從一堆機器中拷貝檔案到中心機器
pslurp -h list /etc/hosts local_dir
2.5 常見問題
如果你遇到這樣的錯誤：
IOError: [Errno 4] Interrupted system call
建議升級python版本到python2.7
3.附錄
3.1 pssh CLSN站點映象地址
本站將pssh軟體包映象到本地，以防丟失，有需求的可以執行下載，下載後注意校驗MD5值。
| File | Summary + Labels | Uploaded | Size |
| pssh-2.3.1.tar.gz | PSSH 2.3.1 Source | Feb 3, 2012 | 22.88KB |
| pssh-2.3.tar.gz | PSSH 2.3 Source | Jan 25, 2012 | 21.62KB |
| pssh-2.2.2.tar.gz | PSSH 2.2.2 Source | Feb 3, 2011 | 20.94KB |
| pssh-2.2.1.tar.gz | PSSH 2.2.1 Source | Jan 27, 2011 | 20.88KB |
| pssh-2.2.tar.gz | PSSH 2.2 Source | Jan 27, 2011 | 20.84KB |
| pssh-2.1.1.tar.gz | PSSH 2.1.1 Source | Mar 5, 2010 | 17.94KB |
| pssh-2.1.tar.gz | PSSH 2.1 Source | Feb 26, 2010 | 17.65KB |
| pssh-2.0.tar.gz | PSSH 2.0 Source | Oct 21, 2009 | 15.03KB |
3.2 pssh GOOGLE源
| File | Summary + Labels | Uploaded | Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| pssh-2.3.1.tar.gz | PSSH 2.3.1 Source | Feb 3, 2012 | 22.88KB |
| pssh-2.3.tar.gz | PSSH 2.3 Source | Jan 25, 2012 | 21.62KB |
| pssh-2.2.2.tar.gz | PSSH 2.2.2 Source | Feb 3, 2011 | 20.94KB |
| pssh-2.2.1.tar.gz | PSSH 2.2.1 Source | Jan 27, 2011 | 20.88KB |
| pssh-2.2.tar.gz | PSSH 2.2 Source | Jan 27, 2011 | 20.84KB |
| pssh-2.1.1.tar.gz | PSSH 2.1.1 Source | Mar 5, 2010 | 17.94KB |
| pssh-2.1.tar.gz | PSSH 2.1 Source | Feb 26, 2010 | 17.65KB |
| pssh-2.0.tar.gz | PSSH 2.0 Source | Oct 21, 2009 | 15.03KB |
3.3 檔案包MD5值
下載完成後務必校驗MD5值
| MD5值 | 檔名 |
|---|---|
| dbdbfda5681b82d4c64abdb3668e88bc | pssh-2.3.tar.gz |
| 53e70d53064f658bf8f44880340e8e5c | pssh-2.3.1.tar.gz |
| 689207677b260a7e4178174295b1389e | pssh-2.2.tar.gz |
| 865305ae39647884bc54a42e9f9554bb | pssh-2.2.2.tar.gz |
| f7583259976ef64bf3cae957a0b66e41 | pssh-2.2.1.tar.gz |
| 725f902bb7e128cc7aa1322551f7ca37 | pssh-2.1.tar.gz |
| 4b355966da91850ac530f035f7404cd5 | pssh-2.1.1.tar.gz |
| 07474f9f9dbefedc809e997f04e1dee5 | pssh-2.0.tar.gz |
4.參考文獻
https://code.google.com/archive/p/parallel-ssh/
http://opstool.com/article/266
https://www.cnblogs.com/Dicky-Zhang/p/5988415.html
https://help.aliyun.com/knowledge_detail/38835.html