【JavaScript】猜數字遊戲
阿新 • • 發佈:2020-07-24
以下內容為學習記錄,可以參考 MDN 原文。
環境
- vscode 1.46
- Microsoft Edge 83
示例
以下內容為了解和熟悉 JavaScript,不需要理解,能夠複製貼上並正確執行即可。
新建網頁模板
在 vscode 中新建一個 index.html 檔案,然後輸入以下內容。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>猜數字遊戲</title> <style> html { font-family: sans-serif; } body { width: 50%; max-width: 800px; min-width: 480px; margin: 0 auto; } .lastResult { color: white; padding: 3px; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>猜數字遊戲</h1> <p>我剛才隨機選定了一個100以內的自然數。看你能否在 10 次以內猜中它。每次我都會告訴你所猜的結果是高了還是低了。</p> <div class="form"> <label for="guessField">請猜數: </label> <input type="text" id="guessField" class="guessField"> <input type="submit" value="確定" class="guessSubmit"> </div> <div class="resultParas"> <p class="guesses"></p> <p class="lastResult"></p> <p class="lowOrHi"></p> </div> <script> // 開始編寫 JavaScript 程式碼 </script> </body> </html>
定義變數
首先將需要使用的變數都定義出來。
let randomNumber = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1; const guesses = document.querySelector('.guesses'); const lastResult = document.querySelector('.lastResult'); const lowOrHi = document.querySelector('.lowOrHi'); const guessSubmit = document.querySelector('.guessSubmit'); const guessField = document.querySelector('.guessField'); let guessCount = 1; let resetButton;
定義猜數字主邏輯
function checkGuess() { let userGuess = Number(guessField.value); if (guessCount === 1) { guesses.textContent = '上次猜的數:'; } guesses.textContent += userGuess + ' '; if (userGuess === randomNumber) { lastResult.textContent = '恭喜你!猜對了'; lastResult.style.backgroundColor = 'green'; lowOrHi.textContent = ''; setGameOver(); } else if (guessCount === 10) { lastResult.textContent = '!!!GAME OVER!!!'; setGameOver(); } else { lastResult.textContent = '你猜錯了!'; lastResult.style.backgroundColor = 'red'; if(userGuess < randomNumber) { lowOrHi.textContent = '你猜低了!'; } else if(userGuess > randomNumber) { lowOrHi.textContent = '你猜高了'; } } guessCount++; guessField.value = ''; guessField.focus(); }
結束遊戲
function setGameOver() {
guessField.disabled = true;
guessSubmit.disabled = true;
resetButton = document.createElement('button');
resetButton.textContent = '開始新遊戲';
document.body.appendChild(resetButton);
resetButton.addEventListener('click', resetGame);
}
重置遊戲
function resetGame() {
guessCount = 1;
const resetParas = document.querySelectorAll('.resultParas p');
for (let i = 0 ; i < resetParas.length; i++) {
resetParas[i].textContent = '';
}
resetButton.parentNode.removeChild(resetButton);
guessField.disabled = false;
guessSubmit.disabled = false;
guessField.value = '';
guessField.focus();
lastResult.style.backgroundColor = 'white';
randomNumber = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1;
}
瀏覽器開啟
用瀏覽器開啟剛剛編寫的程式,試試遊戲是否能夠正常執行。
附錄
原始碼
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>猜數字遊戲</title>
<style>
html {
font-family: sans-serif;
}
body {
width: 50%;
max-width: 800px;
min-width: 480px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.lastResult {
color: white;
padding: 3px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>猜數字遊戲</h1>
<p>我剛才隨機選定了一個100以內的自然數。看你能否在 10 次以內猜中它。每次我都會告訴你所猜的結果是高了還是低了。</p>
<div class="form">
<label for="guessField">請猜數: </label>
<input type="text" id="guessField" class="guessField">
<input type="submit" value="確定" class="guessSubmit">
</div>
<div class="resultParas">
<p class="guesses"></p>
<p class="lastResult"></p>
<p class="lowOrHi"></p>
</div>
<script>
let randomNumber = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1;
const guesses = document.querySelector('.guesses');
const lastResult = document.querySelector('.lastResult');
const lowOrHi = document.querySelector('.lowOrHi');
const guessSubmit = document.querySelector('.guessSubmit');
const guessField = document.querySelector('.guessField');
let guessCount = 1;
let resetButton;
function checkGuess() {
let userGuess = Number(guessField.value);
if (guessCount === 1) {
guesses.textContent = '上次猜的數:';
}
guesses.textContent += userGuess + ' ';
if (userGuess === randomNumber) {
lastResult.textContent = '恭喜你!猜對了';
lastResult.style.backgroundColor = 'green';
lowOrHi.textContent = '';
setGameOver();
} else if (guessCount === 10) {
lastResult.textContent = '!!!GAME OVER!!!';
setGameOver();
} else {
lastResult.textContent = '你猜錯了!';
lastResult.style.backgroundColor = 'red';
if (userGuess < randomNumber) {
lowOrHi.textContent = '你猜低了!';
} else if (userGuess > randomNumber) {
lowOrHi.textContent = '你猜高了';
}
}
guessCount++;
guessField.value = '';
guessField.focus();
}
guessSubmit.addEventListener('click', checkGuess);
function setGameOver() {
guessField.disabled = true;
guessSubmit.disabled = true;
resetButton = document.createElement('button');
resetButton.textContent = '開始新遊戲';
document.body.appendChild(resetButton);
resetButton.addEventListener('click', resetGame);
}
function resetGame() {
guessCount = 1;
const resetParas = document.querySelectorAll('.resultParas p');
for (let i = 0; i < resetParas.length; i++) {
resetParas[i].textContent = '';
}
resetButton.parentNode.removeChild(resetButton);
guessField.disabled = false;
guessSubmit.disabled = false;
guessField.value = '';
guessField.focus();
lastResult.style.backgroundColor = 'white';
randomNumber = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>