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實驗二HDFS程式設計實踐

程式設計實現以下指定功能利用Hadoop提供的Shell命令完成相同的任務。

1HDFS中上傳任意文字檔案,如果指定的檔案在HDFS中已經存在,由使用者指定是追加到原有檔案末尾還是覆蓋原有的檔案;

if $(hadoop fs -test -e text.txt);

then $(hadoop fs -appendToFile local.txt /Test/text.txt);

else $(hadoop fs -copyFromLocal -f local.txt /Test/text.txt);

fi

Java程式碼:

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataOutputStream;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;

public class CopyFromLocalFile {

   /**

    * 判斷路徑是否存在

    */

   public static boolean test(Configuration conf, String path) {

       try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {

           return fs.exists(new Path(path));

       } catch (IOException e) {

           e.printStackTrace();

           return false;

       }

   }

 /**

    * 複製檔案到指定路徑 若路徑已存在,則進行覆蓋

    */

   public static void copyFromLocalFile(Configuration conf,

           String localFilePath, String remoteFilePath) {

       Path localPath = new Path(localFilePath);

       Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);

       try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {

           /* fs.copyFromLocalFile 第一個引數表示是否刪除原始檔,第二個引數表示是否覆蓋 */

           fs.copyFromLocalFile(false, true, localPath, remotePath);

       } catch (IOException e) {

           e.printStackTrace();

       } 

   }

   /**

    * 追加檔案內容

    */

   public static void appendToFile(Configuration conf, String localFilePath,

           String remoteFilePath) {

       Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);

       try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);

               FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(localFilePath);) {

           FSDataOutputStream out = fs.append(remotePath);

           byte[] data = new byte[1024];

           int read = -1;

           while ((read = in.read(data)) > 0) {

               out.write(data, 0, read);

           }

           out.close();

       } catch (IOException e) {

           e.printStackTrace();

       }

   }

   /**

    * 主函式

    */

   public static void main(String[] args) {

       Configuration conf = new Configuration();

       conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://localhost:9000");

       String localFilePath = "/usr/local/hadoop/text.txt"; // 本地路徑

       String remoteFilePath = "/user/tiny/text.txt"; // HDFS路徑

       // String choice = "append"; // 若檔案存在則追加到檔案末尾

       String choice = "overwrite"; // 若檔案存在則覆蓋

       try {

           /* 判斷檔案是否存在 */

           boolean fileExists = false;

           if (CopyFromLocalFile.test(conf, remoteFilePath)) {

               fileExists = true;

               System.out.println(remoteFilePath + " 已存在.");

           } else {

               System.out.println(remoteFilePath + " 不存在.");

           }

           /* 進行處理 */

           if (!fileExists) { // 檔案不存在,則上傳

               CopyFromLocalFile.copyFromLocalFile(conf, localFilePath,

                       remoteFilePath);

               System.out.println(localFilePath + " 已上傳至 " + remoteFilePath);

           } else if (choice.equals("overwrite")) { // 選擇覆蓋

               CopyFromLocalFile.copyFromLocalFile(conf, localFilePath,

                       remoteFilePath);

               System.out.println(localFilePath + " 已覆蓋 " + remoteFilePath);

           } else if (choice.equals("append")) { // 選擇追加

               CopyFromLocalFile.appendToFile(conf, localFilePath,

                       remoteFilePath);

               System.out.println(localFilePath + " 已追加至 " + remoteFilePath);

           }

       } catch (Exception e) {

           e.printStackTrace();

       }

   }

}

2HDFS中下載指定檔案,如果本地檔案與要下載的檔名稱相同,則自動對下載的檔案重新命名;

if $(hadoop fs -test -e /usr/local/hadoop/text.txt);

then $(hadoop fs -copyToLocal /Test/text.txt ./text.txt);

else $(hadoop fs -copyToLocal /Test/text.txt ./text2.txt);

fi

Java程式碼:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;

import java.io.*;

public class CopyToLocal {

    /**

     * 下載檔案到本地 判斷本地路徑是否已存在,若已存在,則自動進行重新命名

     */

    public static void copyToLocal(Configuration conf, String remoteFilePath,

            String localFilePath) {

        Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);

        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {

            File f = new File(localFilePath);

            /* 如果檔名存在,自動重新命名(在檔名後面加上 _0, _1 ...) */

            if (f.exists()) {

                System.out.println(localFilePath + " 已存在.");

                Integer i = Integer.valueOf(0);

                while (true) {

                    f = new File(localFilePath + "_" + i.toString());

                    if (!f.exists()) {

                        localFilePath = localFilePath + "_" + i.toString();

                        break;

                    } else {

                        i++;

                        continue;

                    }

                }

                System.out.println("將重新命名為: " + localFilePath);

            }

            // 下載檔案到本地

            Path localPath = new Path(localFilePath);

            fs.copyToLocalFile(remotePath, localPath);

        } catch (IOException e) {

            // TODO Auto-generated catch block

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

    /**

     * 主函式

     */

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Configuration conf = new Configuration();

        conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://localhost:9000");

        String localFilePath = "/usr/local/hadoop/text.txt"; // 本地路徑

        String remoteFilePath = "/user/tiny/text.txt"; // HDFS路徑

        try {

            CopyToLocal.copyToLocal(conf, remoteFilePath, localFilePath);

            System.out.println("下載完成");

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

}

3HDFS中指定檔案的內容輸出到終端中;

hadoop fs -cat /Test/text.txt

Java程式碼:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;

import java.io.*;

public class Cat {

    /**

     * 讀取檔案內容

     */

    public static void cat(Configuration conf, String remoteFilePath) {

        Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);

        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);

                FSDataInputStream in = fs.open(remotePath);

                BufferedReader d = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));) {

            String line;

            while ((line = d.readLine()) != null) {

                System.out.println(line);

            }

        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

    /**

     * 主函式

     */

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Configuration conf = new Configuration();

        conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://localhost:9000");

        String remoteFilePath = "/user/tiny/input/text.txt"; // HDFS路徑

        try {

            System.out.println("讀取檔案: " + remoteFilePath);

            Cat.cat(conf, remoteFilePath);

            System.out.println("\n讀取完成");

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

}

(4)顯示HDFS中指定的檔案的讀寫許可權、大小、建立時間、路徑等資訊;

hadoop fs -ls -h /Test/text.txt

Java程式碼:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;

import java.io.*;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

public class List {

    /**

     * 顯示指定檔案的資訊

     */

    public static void ls(Configuration conf, String remoteFilePath) {

        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {

            Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);

            FileStatus[] fileStatuses = fs.listStatus(remotePath);

            for (FileStatus s : fileStatuses) {

                System.out.println("路徑: " + s.getPath().toString());

                System.out.println("許可權: " + s.getPermission().toString());

                System.out.println("大小: " + s.getLen());

                /* 返回的是時間戳,轉化為時間日期格式 */

                long timeStamp = s.getModificationTime();

                SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(

                        "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");

                String date = format.format(timeStamp);

                System.out.println("時間: " + date);

            }

        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

/**

     * 主函式

     */

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Configuration conf = new Configuration();

        conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://localhost:9000");

        String remoteFilePath = "/user/tiny/text.txt"; // HDFS路徑

        try {

            System.out.println("讀取檔案資訊: " + remoteFilePath);

            List.ls(conf, remoteFilePath);

            System.out.println("\n讀取完成");

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

}

5)給定HDFS中某一個目錄,輸出該目錄下的所有檔案的讀寫許可權、大小、建立時間、路徑等資訊,如果該檔案是目錄,則遞迴輸出該目錄下所有檔案相關資訊;

hadoop fs -ls -R -h /Test

Java程式碼:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;

import java.io.*;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

public class ListDir {

    /**

     * 顯示指定資料夾下所有檔案的資訊(遞迴)

     */

    public static void lsDir(Configuration conf, String remoteDir) {

        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {

            Path dirPath = new Path(remoteDir);

            /* 遞迴獲取目錄下的所有檔案 */

            RemoteIterator<LocatedFileStatus> remoteIterator = fs.listFiles(

                    dirPath, true);

            /* 輸出每個檔案的資訊 */

            while (remoteIterator.hasNext()) {

                FileStatus s = remoteIterator.next();

                System.out.println("路徑: " + s.getPath().toString());

                System.out.println("許可權: " + s.getPermission().toString());

                System.out.println("大小: " + s.getLen());

                /* 返回的是時間戳,轉化為時間日期格式 */

                Long timeStamp = s.getModificationTime();

                SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(

                        "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");

                String date = format.format(timeStamp);

                System.out.println("時間: " + date);

                System.out.println();

            }

        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

    /**

     * 主函式

     */

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Configuration conf = new Configuration();

        conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://localhost:9000");

        String remoteDir = "/user/tiny"; // HDFS路徑

        try {

            System.out.println("(遞迴)讀取目錄下所有檔案的資訊: " + remoteDir);

            ListDir.lsDir(conf, remoteDir);

            System.out.println("讀取完成");

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

}

6)提供一個HDFS內的檔案的路徑,對該檔案進行建立和刪除操作。如果檔案所在目錄不存在,則自動建立目錄;

#!/bin/bash

if $(hadoop fs -test -d /Test/test1);

then $(hadoop fs -touchz /Test/test1/text1.txt);

else $(hadoop fs -mkdir -p /Test/test1 && hdfs dfs -touchz /Test/test1/text1.txt);

fi

刪除檔案:hdfs dfs -rm dir1/dir2/filename

Java程式碼:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;

import java.io.*;

public class RemoveOrMake {

    /**

     * 判斷路徑是否存在

     */

    public static boolean test(Configuration conf, String path) {

        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {

            return fs.exists(new Path(path));

        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

            return false;

        }

    }

    /**

     * 建立目錄

     */

    public static boolean mkdir(Configuration conf, String remoteDir) {

        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {

            Path dirPath = new Path(remoteDir);

            return fs.mkdirs(dirPath);

        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

            return false;

        }

    }

    /**

     * 建立檔案

     */

    public static void touchz(Configuration conf, String remoteFilePath) {

        Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);

        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {

            FSDataOutputStream outputStream = fs.create(remotePath);

            outputStream.close();

        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

    /**

     * 刪除檔案

     */

    public static boolean rm(Configuration conf, String remoteFilePath) {

        Path remotePath = new Path(remoteFilePath);

        try (FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)) {

            return fs.delete(remotePath, false);

        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

            return false;

        }

    }

    /**

     * 主函式

     */

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Configuration conf = new Configuration();

        conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://localhost:9000");

        String remoteFilePath = "/user/tiny/input/text.txt"; // HDFS路徑

        String remoteDir = "/user/tiny/input"; // HDFS路徑對應的目錄

        try {

            /* 判斷路徑是否存在,存在則刪除,否則進行建立 */

            if (RemoveOrMake.test(conf, remoteFilePath)) {

                RemoveOrMake.rm(conf, remoteFilePath); // 刪除

                System.out.println("刪除檔案: " + remoteFilePath);

            } else {

                if (!RemoveOrMake.test(conf, remoteDir)) { // 若目錄不存在,則進行建立

                    RemoveOrMake.mkdir(conf, remoteDir);

                    System.out.println("建立資料夾: " + remoteDir);

                }

                RemoveOrMake.touchz(conf, remoteFilePath);

                System.out.println("建立檔案: " + remoteFilePath);

            }

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

}

(7)提供一個HDFS的目錄的路徑,對該目錄進行建立和刪除操作。建立目錄時,如果目錄檔案所在目錄不存在則自動建立相應目錄;刪除目錄時,由使用者指定當該目錄不為空時是否還刪除該目錄;

#!/bin/bash

if $(hadoop fs -test -d /Test/test1);

then $(hadoop fs -touchz /Test/test1/text1.txt);

else $(hadoop fs -mkdir -p /Test/test1 && hdfs dfs -touchz /Test/test1/text1.txt);

fi

建立目錄:hdfs dfs -mkdir -p dir1/dir2

刪除目錄(如果目錄非空則會提示not empty不執行刪除):hdfs dfs -rmdir dir1/dir2

強制刪除目錄hdfs dfs -rm -R dir1/dir2

8)向HDFS中指定的檔案追加內容,由使用者指定內容追加到原有檔案的開頭或結尾;

追加到檔案末尾:hdfs dfs -appendToFile local.txt text.txt

追加到檔案開頭(先移動到本地進行操作,再進行上傳覆蓋):

hdfs dfs -get text.txt

cat text.txt >> local.txt

hdfs dfs -copyFromLocal -f text.txt text.txt

9)刪除HDFS中指定的檔案;

hdfs dfs -rm text.txt

10)刪除HDFS中指定的目錄,由使用者指定目錄中如果存在檔案時是否刪除目錄;

刪除目錄(如果目錄非空則會提示not empty,不執行刪除):hdfs dfs -rmdir dir1/dir2

強制刪除目錄hdfs dfs -rm -R dir1/dir2

11)在HDFS中,將檔案從源路徑移動到目的路徑。

hdfs dfs -mv text.txt text2.txt

、程式設計實現一個類“MyFSDataInputStream”,該類繼承“org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataInputStream”,要求如下:實現按行讀取HDFS中指定檔案的方法“readLine()”,如果讀到檔案末尾,則返回空,否則返回檔案一行的文字。

、檢視Java幫助手冊或其它資料,用“java.net.URL”“org.apache.hadoop.fs.FsURLStreamHandlerFactory”程式設計完成輸出HDFS中指定檔案的文字到終端中。

Hadoop介面實現