win移植linux

python執行shell指令碼

1. os.system("command")

2. os.popen("command")
   os.popen() 返回的是一個檔案物件

3. subprocess.call()

   print(subprocess.call(["ls","-l"],shell=False))  
   # shell引數為false，則，命令以及引數以列表的形式給出
   
   
   a=subprocess.call(["ls","-l"],shell=False) 
   # shell引數為false，則，命令以及引數以列表的形式給出
   
   p = subprocess.Popen('ps aux',shell=True,stdout=subprocess.PIPE)  
      out,err = p.communicate()  
      for line in out.splitlines():  
          print line  
    
   

位元組碼與字串轉換

    #bytes object
    byte = b"byte example"

    # str object
    str = "str example"

    # str to bytes 字串轉位元組
    bytes(str, encoding="utf8")

    # bytes to str  位元組轉字串
    str(bytes, encoding="utf-8")

    # an alternative method
    # str to bytes  字串轉為位元組
    str.encode(str)

    # bytes to str  位元組轉為字串
    bytes.decode(bytes)
 

編碼相關

# 編碼型別轉換, gbk轉utf-8
iconv -f gbk -t utf8 target.txt

# 可以通過vim檢視與修改檔案編碼格式
:set fileencoding
:set fileencoding=utf-8
    
# 檢視檔案編碼格式
enca -i -L chinese target.txt

出現：iconv: illegal input sequence at position一般是檔案編碼型別不正確。

指令碼

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import os
import subprocess

suffix = ['cpp', 'h']
for file in os.listdir('./'):
    if any( file.find(fix) != -1 for fix in suffix ):
        cmd = "enca -i -L chinese " + file
        p = subprocess.Popen( cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE )
        out, err = p.communicate()
        for line in out.splitlines():
            fmt = str(line, encoding='utf-8')
        cmd = "iconv -f " + fmt + " -t utf8 " + file + " > 2.txt"
        subprocess.call( cmd, shell=True )
        cmd = "cat 2.txt > " + file
        subprocess.call( cmd, shell=True )