Python學習實踐一
阿新 • • 發佈:2020-07-30
貪吃蛇小遊戲
pycharm——pygame
game.py
import pygame # 導包 from game_items import * # 導類和變數 class Game(object): # 這裡的object類,意為頂級/基礎類。 def __init__(self): self.main_window = pygame.display.set_mode((640, 480)) self.main_name = pygame.display.set_caption('貪吃蛇') self.score_label= Label() # 得分標籤 self.tip_label = Label(24, False) # 暫停&遊戲結束的標籤 self.is_game_over = True # 遊戲是否結束 self.is_pause = False # 遊戲是否暫停 self.food = Food() self.snake = Snake() def start(self): clock = pygame.time.Clock() # 遊戲時鐘 whileTrue: self.main_window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR) # 事件監聽 for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: # 退出 return elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:return elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: if self.is_game_over: self.reset_game() else: self.is_pause = not self.is_pause if not self.is_pause and not self.is_game_over: if event.type == FOOD_UPDATE_EVENT: self.food.random_rect() elif event.type == SNAKE_UPDATE_EVENT: self.is_game_over = not self.snake.update() elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key in (pygame.K_RIGHT, pygame.K_DOWN, pygame.K_LEFT, pygame.K_UP): self.snake.change_dir(event.key) # 繪製得分標籤 self.score_label.draw('分數: %d' % self.snake.score, self.main_window) # 繪製暫停&遊戲結束標籤 if self.is_game_over: self.tip_label.draw('遊戲結束,按空格從新開始遊戲。', self.main_window) elif self.is_pause: self.tip_label.draw('遊戲暫停,按空格鍵繼續。', self.main_window) # 更新顯示內容(不能缺少) else: if self.snake.has_eat(self.food): self.food.random_rect() self.food.draw(self.main_window) self.snake.draw(self.main_window) pygame.display.update() clock.tick(60) # 重新整理頻率(幀數) def reset_game(self): """重置遊戲分數""" self.is_pause = False self.is_game_over = False self.snake.reset_snake() self.food.random_rect() if __name__ == '__main__': pygame.init() # 初始化pygame模組 #遊戲程式碼 Game().start() pygame.quit() # 釋放pygame模組
game_items.py
import pygame import random BACKGROUND_COLOR = (232, 232, 232) SCORE_TEXT_COLOR = (192, 192, 192) TIP_TEXT_COLOR = (64, 64, 64) SCREEN_RECT = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 640, 480) RECT_SIZE = 20 FOOD_UPDATE_EVENT = pygame.USEREVENT # 食物更新事件 SNAKE_UPDATE_EVENT = pygame.USEREVENT + 1 # 蛇更新事件 class Label(object): def __init__(self, size=48, is_score=True): """ 標籤類 :param is_score 表示是否顯示分數 """ self.fond = pygame.font.SysFont('simhei', size) # 返回一個fond物件 self.is_score = is_score def draw(self, text, window): # 渲染字型 color =SCORE_TEXT_COLOR if self.is_score else TIP_TEXT_COLOR text_surface = self.fond.render(text, True, color) # self.fond 就是__init__內的物件屬性 self.fond # 獲取文字的矩形 一 # text_rect = text_surface.get_rect() # 憑藉get_rect獲取文字矩陣區域 # window_rect = window.get_rect() # text_rect.y = window_rect.height - text_rect.height # text_rect.x = window_rect.width - text_rect.width # 獲取文字的矩形 二 text_rect = text_surface.get_rect() window_rect = window.get_rect() if self.is_score: text_rect.bottomleft = window_rect.bottomleft # mid+方位/top+方位/bottom+方位 else: text_rect.center = window_rect.center # 繪製文字內容到視窗 window.blit(text_surface, text_rect) class Food(object): def __init__(self): self.color = (255, 0, 0) self.score = 10 self.rect = (0, 0, RECT_SIZE, RECT_SIZE) # 食物位置,座標以及寬高 self.random_rect() def draw(self, window): pygame.draw.rect(window, self.color, self.rect) if self.rect.w < RECT_SIZE: # 食物放大 self.rect.inflate_ip(2, 2) def random_rect(self): col = SCREEN_RECT.w / RECT_SIZE - 1 row = SCREEN_RECT.h / RECT_SIZE - 1 x = random.randint(0, col) * RECT_SIZE y = random.randint(0, row) * RECT_SIZE self.rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, RECT_SIZE, RECT_SIZE) self.rect.inflate_ip(-RECT_SIZE, -RECT_SIZE) # 寬高修改為零 pygame.time.set_timer(FOOD_UPDATE_EVENT, 30000) class Snake(object): def __init__(self): """初始化資料""" self.dir = pygame.K_RIGHT self.score = 0 self.time_interval = 500 self.color = (64, 64, 64) self.body_list = [] self.reset_snake() def reset_snake(self): self.dir = pygame.K_RIGHT self.score = 0 self.time_interval = 500 self.body_list.clear() for _ in range(3): self.add_node() def add_node(self): if self.body_list: head = self.body_list[0].copy() else: head = pygame.Rect(-RECT_SIZE, 0, RECT_SIZE, RECT_SIZE) if self.dir == pygame.K_LEFT: head.x -= 20 elif self.dir == pygame.K_RIGHT: head.x += 20 elif self.dir == pygame.K_UP: head.y -= 20 elif self.dir == pygame.K_DOWN: head.y += 20 self.body_list.insert(0, head) pygame.time.set_timer(SNAKE_UPDATE_EVENT, self.time_interval) def draw(self, window): for idx, rect in enumerate(self.body_list): # 這裡idx如果是頭部 idx==0 為True 邊框為1;如果是False就預設實心 # 由於初始化方向向右,所以生成的格子是向右三個 pygame.draw.rect(window, self.color, rect.inflate(-2, -2), idx == 0) # 看似格子在移動,實際是此消彼長,蛇並沒有移動 def update(self): # 備份上一步 body_list_copy = self.body_list.copy() # 移動身體 self.add_node() self.body_list.pop() # 預設刪除最後一個 # 是否死亡 if self.is_dead(): self.body_list = body_list_copy return False return True def change_dir(self, to_dir): hor_dirs = (pygame.K_LEFT, pygame.K_RIGHT) var_dirs = (pygame.K_UP, pygame.K_DOWN) if ((self.dir in hor_dirs and to_dir not in hor_dirs) or (self.dir in var_dirs and to_dir not in var_dirs)): self.dir = to_dir def has_eat(self, food): if self.body_list[0].contains(food.rect): self.score += food.score if self.time_interval > 100: self.time_interval -= 50 self.add_node() return True return False def is_dead(self): head = self.body_list[0] if not SCREEN_RECT.contains(head): return True for body in self.body_list[1:]: if head.contains(body): return True return False
主要學習pygame內的操作
視窗操作、繪製文字、渲染影象、擺放位置
事件的監聽、畫面的重新整理與顯示、反饋操作
存在不足,請多指教