錄製和生成測試用例
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-08-10
抓取http請求和響應
在我們編寫測試用例之前，我們應該知道API的詳細資訊，我們可以使用類似與Fiddle，Charles這樣的抓包工具來抓取http請求
下面，我將使用一個測試環境
我們可以選擇需要的請求，匯出成.har的格式
使用har2case生成測試用例
獲取 HAR 檔案後，可以使用內建命令將其轉換為 httpRunner 測試用例
har2case幫助
har2case-h
usage: har2case har2case [-h] [-2y] [-2j] [--filterFILTER]
[--exclude EXCLUDE]
[har_source_file]positional arguments:
har_source_file Specify HAR sourcefile
optional arguments:
-h,--helpshow thishelpmessageandexit
-2y,--to-yml,--to-yaml
Convert to YAMLformat,ifnotspecified, convert to
pytestformatby default.
-2j,--to-json Convert to JSONformat,ifnotspecified, convert to
pytestformatby default.--filterFILTERSpecifyfilterkeyword, only url includefilterstring
will be converted.
--exclude EXCLUDE Specify exclude keyword, url that includes exclude
string will be ignored, multiple keywords can be
joined with'|'
|
生成測試用例
在3.0中，由於httpRunner預設會將HAR檔案轉成pytest，建議使用pytest，而不是之前的yaml、json格式
har2case test.har2020-06-1515:08:01.187| INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:gen_testcase:332-Start to generate testcasefromhar/postman-echo-post-form.har
2020-06-1515:08:01.187| INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:_make_testcase:323-Extract infofromHARfileandpreparefortestcase.
2020-06-1515:08:01.191| INFO | httprunner.loader:load_dot_env_file:130-Loading environment variablesfrom/Users/debugtalk/Desktop/demo/.env
2020-06-1515:08:01.191| DEBUG | httprunner.utils:set_os_environ:32-SetOS environment variable: USERNAME
2020-06-1515:08:01.191| DEBUG | httprunner.utils:set_os_environ:32-SetOS environment variable: PASSWORD
2020-06-1515:08:01.193| INFO | httprunner.make:make_testcase:310-start to make testcase:/Users/debugtalk/Desktop/demo/har/postman-echo-post-form.har
2020-06-1515:08:01.193| INFO | httprunner.make:make_testcase:383-generated testcase:/Users/debugtalk/Desktop/demo/har/postman_echo_post_form_test.py
2020-06-1515:08:01.194| INFO | httprunner.make:format_pytest_with_black:147-formatpytest cases with black ...
reformatted/Users/debugtalk/Desktop/demo/har/postman_echo_post_form_test.py
Alldone!
1filereformatted.
2020-06-1515:08:01.469| INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:gen_testcase:353-generated testcase:/Users/debugtalk/Desktop/demo/har/postman_echo_post_form_test.py
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生成的pytest檔案是如下標準的pytest檔案，它可以直接執行：
#NOTE:GeneratedByHttpRunnerv3.1.3
#FROM:test.har
fromhttprunnerimportHttpRunner,Config,Step,RunRequest,RunTestCase
classTestCaseTest(HttpRunner):
config=Config("testcasedescription").verify(False)
teststeps=[
Step(
RunRequest("/YYDZPY/login")
.post("http://192.168.3.70:8070/YYDZPY/login")
.with_headers(
**{
"Host":"192.168.3.70:8070",
"Connection":"keep-alive",
"Content-Length":"53",
"Pragma":"no-cache",
"Accept":"application/json,text/plain,*/*",
"Cache-Control":"no-cache",
"X-Requested-With":"XMLHttpRequest",
"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0(WindowsNT10.0;Win64;x64)AppleWebKit/537.36(KHTML,likeGecko)Chrome/84.0.4147.89Safari/537.36Edg/84.0.522.40",
"Content-Type":"application/json",
"Origin":"http://192.168.3.70:8070",
"Referer":"http://192.168.3.70:8070/YYDZPY/index.jsp",
"Accept-Encoding":"gzip,deflate",
"Accept-Language":"zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,en-GB;q=0.7,en-US;q=0.6",
"Cookie":"JSESSIONID=0E40D65F4C701A93621D2BE023A309C1",
}
)
.with_cookies(**{"JSESSIONID":"0E40D65F4C701A93621D2BE023A309C1"})
.with_json({"XTZH":"U1lTVEVN","YHMM":"B/RGSNco4fpCWqdYQ3qSNg=="})
.validate()
.assert_equal("status_code",200)
.assert_equal('headers."Content-Type"',"application/json;charset=UTF-8")
.assert_equal("body.msg","登入成功！")
.assert_equal("body.errormsg","使用者未設定所屬部門,部分功能會受影響，請聯絡管理員設定")
),
]
if__name__=="__main__":
TestCaseTest().test_start()
|
它可以使用命令或本機命令執行
hrun pytest
|
測試用例的組織形式：
在httpRunner中，測試用例的組織形式一共有三種：分別是。json，yaml和pytest
如何生成這些json、yaml、pytest檔案？
第一步：
抓包
第二步：
把請求包儲存為har格式
第三步：
使用命令生成
可以使用 -2y 來將 har檔案生成yaml格式的用例
可以使用 -2j 來將 har檔案生成json格式的用例
例如：現有有一個test.har的檔案
可以使用har2case test.har -2y 命令 生成yaml格式的用例
har2case test.har-2y
$ har2case har/postman-echo-post-form.har-2j
2020-06-1515:32:02.955| INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:gen_testcase:332-Start to generate testcasefromhar/postman-echo-post-form.har
2020-06-1515:32:02.955| INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:_make_testcase:323-Extract infofromHARfileandpreparefortestcase.
2020-06-1515:32:02.958| INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.utils:dump_json:122-dump testcase to JSONformat.
2020-06-1515:32:02.959| INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.utils:dump_json:131-Generate JSON testcase successfully: har/postman-echo-post-form.json
2020-06-1515:32:02.959| INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:gen_testcase:353-generated testcase: har/postman-echo-post-form.json
|
可以使用 har2case test.har -2j 命令生成json格式的用例
har2case test.har-2j
$ hrun har/postman-echo-post-form.json
2020-06-1515:37:15.621| INFO | httprunner.loader:load_dot_env_file:130-Loading environment variablesfrom/Users/debugtalk/Desktop/demo/.env
2020-06-1515:37:15.622| DEBUG | httprunner.utils:set_os_environ:32-SetOS environment variable: USERNAME
2020-06-1515:37:15.622| DEBUG | httprunner.utils:set_os_environ:32-SetOS environment variable: PASSWORD
2020-06-1515:37:15.623| INFO | httprunner.make:make_testcase:310-start to make testcase:/Users/debugtalk/Desktop/demo/har/postman-echo-post-form.json
2020-06-1515:37:15.625| INFO | httprunner.make:make_testcase:383-generated testcase:/Users/debugtalk/Desktop/demo/har/postman_echo_post_form_test.py
2020-06-1515:37:15.625| INFO | httprunner.make:format_pytest_with_black:147-formatpytest cases with black ...
reformatted/Users/debugtalk/Desktop/demo/har/postman_echo_post_form_test.py
Alldone!
1filereformatted,1fileleft unchanged.
2020-06-1515:37:15.962| INFO | httprunner.cli:main_run:56-start to run tests with pytest. HttpRunner version:3.0.12
======================================================================test session starts======================================================================
platform darwin--Python3.7.5, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir:/Users/debugtalk/Desktop/demo
plugins: metadata-1.9.0, allure-pytest-2.8.16, html-2.1.1
collected1item
har/postman_echo_post_form_test.py . [100%]
=======================================================================1passedin2.03s=======================================================================
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如果，你使用的3.0的版本，建議以新使用pytest格式