常用Oracle SQL集錦
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-08-29
常用dml和query開並行
--開並行
ALTER SESSION FORCE PARALLEL DML PARALLEL 16;
ALTER SESSION FORCE PARALLEL QUERY PARALLEL 16;
--關並行
ALTER SESSION DISABLE PARALLEL DML ;
ALTER SESSION DISABLE PARALLEL QUERY;
索引開並行
drop index IDX_SB_SBZT_LRRQ; create index IDX_SB_SBZT_LRRQ on SB_SBZT (LRRQ, CWLX_DM, SWJG_DM) tablespace TS_GS_SB_IDX pctfree 20 initrans 2 maxtrans 255 storage ( initial 64K next 1M minextents 1 maxextents unlimited ) parallel 6; alter index IDX_SB_SBZT_LRRQ noparallel;
檢視ASM
-- 檢視asm的各個disk group是否超過80%
-- name：name of the disk group
-- total_mb：total capacity of the disk group(in megabytes)
-- free_mb：unused capacity of the disk group(in megabytes)
select t.name,t.TOTAL_MB /1024, round(100 * (t.TOTAL_MB - t.FREE_MB) / t.TOTAL_MB, 2)||'%'
from v$asm_diskgroup t;
檢視資料庫表空間
--查詢資料表空間情況 SELECT d.status "Status", d.tablespace_name "Name", d.contents "Type", d.extent_management "Extent Management", TO_CHAR(NVL(a.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 0), '99,999,990.900') "Size (M)", TO_CHAR(NVL(a.bytes - NVL(f.bytes, 0), 0) / 1024 / 1024, '99999999.999') "Used (M)", TO_CHAR(NVL((a.bytes - NVL(f.bytes, 0)) / a.bytes * 100, 0), '990.00') "Used %" FROM sys.dba_tablespaces d, (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytes from dba_data_files group by tablespace_name) a, (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytes from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name) f WHERE d.tablespace_name = a.tablespace_name(+) AND d.tablespace_name = f.tablespace_name(+) AND NOT (d.extent_management like 'LOCAL' AND d.contents like 'TEMPORARY') UNION ALL SELECT d.status "Status", d.tablespace_name "Name", d.contents "Type", d.extent_management "Extent Management", TO_CHAR(NVL(a.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 0), '99,999,990.900') "Size (M)", TO_CHAR(NVL(t.bytes, 0) / 1024 / 1024, '99999999.999') "Used (M)", TO_CHAR(NVL(t.bytes / a.bytes * 100, 0), '990.00') "Used %" FROM sys.dba_tablespaces d, (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytes from dba_temp_files group by tablespace_name) a, (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes_cached) bytes from v$temp_extent_pool group by tablespace_name) t WHERE d.tablespace_name = a.tablespace_name(+) AND d.tablespace_name = t.tablespace_name(+) AND d.extent_management like 'LOCAL' AND d.contents like 'TEMPORARY' order by "Used %" desc;
判斷欄位中是否包含小寫字母
--gs_cx查詢納稅人識別號這個欄位中包含小寫字母的並且做過工資薪金稅費種認定的戶數：upper函式
select count(*) from hx_dj.dj_nsrxx a,hx_dj.dj_nsrxx b,hx_rd.rd_sfzrdxxb r
where a.djxh=b.djxh
and a.djxh=r.djxh
and r.zspm_dm='101060100'
and upper(a.nsrsbh) <> a.nsrsbh
and a.nsrsbh like '3%';
判斷欄位中是否包含大寫字母
--gs_cx查詢納稅人識別號這個欄位中包含大寫字母的並且做過工資薪金稅費種認定的企業戶數：lower函式
select count(*) from hx_dj.dj_nsrxx a,hx_dj.dj_nsrxx b,hx_rd.rd_sfzrdxxb r
where a.djxh=b.djxh
and a.djxh=r.djxh
and r.zspm_dm='101060100'
and lower(a.nsrsbh) <> a.nsrsbh
and a.nsrsbh like '3%';
Lengthb和length
select length('新奧投資基金管理（北京）有限公司') from dual;
select lengthb('新奧投資基金管理（北京）有限公司') from dual;
--utf-8：一箇中文對三個位元組
按時間段統計資料量
--sb_kjgrsdsbgb 按五分鐘統計數量
select tmp.newTime, count(tmp.newTime)
from (select a.jylsh,
to_char(a.lrrq, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi') oldTime,
case
when substr(to_char(a.lrrq, 'mi'), 2, 1) < 5 then
to_char(lrrq, 'yyyy-mm-dd HH24') || ':' ||
substr(to_char(a.lrrq, 'mi'), 1, 1) || 0
else
to_char(lrrq, 'yyyy-mm-dd HH24') || ':' ||
substr(to_char(a.lrrq, 'mi'), 1, 1) || 5
end as newTime
from gs_cxtj.sb_kjgrsdsbgb a
where a.lrrq > date '2016-11-16'
order by newTime desc) tmp
group by tmp.newtime
order by tmp.newtime desc;
Cursor大資料量批量插入
declare
cnt integer := 0;
cursor cur_1 is
select * from gs_cl.py_dj_nsrxx;
begin
for icur_1 in cur_1 loop
insert into xtxj_zdgsxx values (icur_1.DJXH,icur_1.ZGSWJ_DM,icur_1.SWJGMC,icur_1.SJTB_SJ,icur_1.YXBZ,icur_1.XGSJ);
cnt := cnt + 1;
if cnt >= 5000 then
commit;
cnt := 0;
end if;
end loop;
commit;
exception
when others then
rollback;
end;
/
decode的使用
--不同渠道扣款數量
select decode(substr(jywysbh, 1, 6),
'JSDS.N',
'網廳',
'SB0603',
'客戶端',
'大廳') "渠道來源",
count(case when a.lrrq>to_date(to_char(sysdate, 'yyyy-mm-dd'), 'yyyy-mm-dd') then djxh end)"非0申報當天扣款量",
count(*) "非0申報扣款數量"
from sb_sbzt a
where a.lrrq > date '2016-10-01'
and a.yrkse_1 > 0
and cwlx_dm = 'Y'
and se = yrkse_1
group by substr(jywysbh, 1, 6)
分組資料中每組取前幾條資料
--先得到已分組結果集
select t.nsrsbh, t.nsrmc, t.zgswj_dm, swjg.swjgmc
from dj_nsrxx t, rd_sfzrdxxb sfz, dm_gy_swjg swjg
where t.djxh = sfz.djxh
and t.zgswj_dm = swjg.swjg_dm
and t.shxydm is null
and t.nsrzt_dm = '03'
and sfz.zspm_dm = '101060100'
and sfz.rdyxqz > date'2016-08-31'
and substr(t.zgswj_dm, 1, 5) || '000000' in
(select b.swjg_dm
from dm_gy_swjg a, dm_gy_swjg b
where substr(a.swjg_dm, 1, 5) || '000000' = b.swjg_dm
and b.swjg_dm not in
('23200000000', '23299000000', '00000000000')
group by b.swjg_dm)
--按稅務機關分類查詢兩條記錄
select f.ROWN 行號,
f.djxh 登記序號,
f.nsrsbh 納稅人識別號,
f.nsrmc 納稅人名稱,
f.zgswj_dm 主管稅務機關程式碼,
f.swjgmc 主管稅務機關名稱,
substr(f.zgswj_dm, 1, 5) || '000000' 地市稅務局名稱
from (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY substr(res.zgswj_dm, 1, 5) || '000000' ORDER BY res.zgswj_dm) as ROWN,
res.*
FROM （select t.djxh, t.nsrsbh, t.nsrmc, t.zgswj_dm, swjg.swjgmc
from dj_nsrxx t, rd_sfzrdxxb sfz, dm_gy_swjg swjg
where t.djxh = sfz.djxh
and t.zgswj_dm = swjg.swjg_dm
and t.shxydm is null
and t.nsrzt_dm = '03'
and t.nsrmc like '%公司'
and length(t.nsrsbh) = 15
and sfz.zspm_dm = '101060100'
and sfz.rdyxqz > date '2016-08-31' ） res) f
WHERE f.ROWN <= 20
order by f.zgswj_dm
case和when的使用
select * from (select decode(substr(jywysbh, 1, 4),
'JSDS',
'網廳',
'',
'大廳',
'客戶端') "渠道來源",
count(case
when a.lrrq >
to_date(to_char(sysdate, 'yyyy-mm-dd'), 'yyyy-mm-dd') and
a.yrkse_1 > 0 and se = yrkse_1 then
yzpzxh
end) "非0申報當天扣款量",
count(case
when a.lrrq >
to_date(to_char(sysdate, 'yyyy-mm-dd'), 'yyyy-mm-dd') and
se > 0 then
yzpzxh
end) " 當天非0申報量",
count(case
when a.lrrq >
to_date(to_char(sysdate, 'yyyy-mm-dd'), 'yyyy-mm-dd') then
yzpzxh
end) " 當天申報量",
count(case
when a.yrkse_1 > 0 and se = yrkse_1 then
yzpzxh
end) "非0申報本月扣款量",
count(case
when se > 0 then
yzpzxh
end) "本月非0申報量",
count(case
when 1 = 1 then
yzpzxh
end) "本月總申報量"
from sb_sbzt a
where a.lrrq >
to_date(to_char(sysdate, 'yyyy-mm') || '01', 'yyyy-mm-dd')
and cwlx_dm = 'Y'
group by substr(a.jywysbh, 1, 4))
查詢效能最差和最耗時的SQL
--效能最差的SQL
select *
from (select sql_text, disk_reads, buffer_gets, rows_processed
from v$sqlarea b
order by disk_reads desc)
where rownum <= 10;
--最耗時的SQL
select *
from (select a.SQL_TEXT, a.CPU_TIME, a.PARSING_SCHEMA_NAME
from v$sql a
order by cpu_time desc)
where rownum <= 10;
建立資料庫表空間
create tablespace TS_GS_ZM_SSWSZMJLMX_2016_DATA
datafile 'D:\APP\CLG\ORADATA\ORCL\TS_GS_ZM_SSWSZMJLMX_2016_DATA.dbf'
size 50M
AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 50M;
資料庫鎖表查詢及處理
--以下SQL適用於single instance
----Oracle資料庫操作中，會用到鎖表查詢以及解鎖和kill程序等操作
--(1)鎖表查詢的程式碼有以下的形式：
select count(*) from v$locked_object;
select * from v$locked_object;
--(2)檢視哪個表被鎖
select b.owner,b.object_name,a.session_id,a.locked_mode from v$locked_object a,dba_objects b where b.object_id = a.object_id;
--(3)檢視是哪個session引起的
select b.username,b.sid,b.serial#,logon_time from v$locked_object a,v$session b where a.session_id = b.sid order by b.logon_time;
--(4)殺掉對應程序
alter system kill session'587,295';--command下執行，其中587為sid,295為serial#.
--以下SQL適用於RAC和Single instance，查詢完成之後即可kill會話或者直接在伺服器上kill程序
select o.owner,
o.object_name,
l.locked_mode,
s.username,
s.sid,
s.serial#,
s.logon_time,
p.spid,
s.inst_id
from gv$locked_object l, dba_objects o, gv$session s, gv$process p
where l.object_id = o.object_id
and l.session_id = s.sid
and s.paddr = p.addr
修改資料庫密碼為永不失效
select * from dba_profiles t where t.PROFILE='DEFAULT' and t.RESOURCE_NAME = 'PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME';
alter profile default limit password_life_time unlimited;
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