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SpringMVC-檔案上傳和下載

檔案上傳和下載

目錄

1. 檔案上傳

1. 前端設計

前端表單要求:為了能上傳檔案,必須將表單的method設定為POST,並將enctype設定為multipart/form-data。只有在這樣的情況下,瀏覽器才

會把使用者選擇的檔案以二進位制資料傳送給伺服器;

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Wang
  Date: 2020/9/11
  Time: 16:48
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>

  <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
    <input type="file" name="file">
    <input type="submit" value="upload">
  </form>

  </body>
</html>

2. 匯入依賴

commons-fileupload

<dependencies>
    <!--檔案上傳-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
        <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--servlet-api匯入高版本的-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>4.0.1</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

3. 配置Spring

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wang.controller"/>

    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
          id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
            </bean>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="objectMapper">
                    <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
                        <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!--檔案上傳配置-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!-- 請求的編碼格式, 必須和jsp的pageEncoding屬性一致, 以便正確讀取表單的內容, 預設為ISO-8859-1 -->
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
        <!-- 上傳檔案大小上限, 單位為位元組 (10485760 = 10M) -->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
        <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
    </bean>


</beans>

注意

  • 這個bena的id必須為:multipartResolver , 否則上傳檔案會報400的錯誤!

4. 編寫controller

有兩種上傳的方式

1. getOriginalFilename方法

package com.wang.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

@RestController
public class FileController {

    //@RequestParam("file") 將name=file控制元件得到的檔案封裝成CommonsMultipartFile 物件
    //批量上傳CommonsMultipartFile則為陣列即可
    @RequestMapping("/upload")
    public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {

        //獲取檔名 : file.getOriginalFilename();
        String uploadFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();

        //如果檔名為空,直接回到首頁!
        if ("".equals(uploadFileName)) {
            return "redirect:/index.jsp";
        }
        System.out.println("上傳檔名 : " + uploadFileName);

        //上傳路徑儲存設定
        String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        //如果路徑不存在,建立一個
        File realPath = new File(path);
        if (!realPath.exists()) {
            realPath.mkdir();
        }
        System.out.println("上傳檔案儲存地址:" + realPath);

        InputStream is = file.getInputStream(); //檔案輸入流
        OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath, uploadFileName)); //檔案輸出流

        //讀取寫出
        int len = 0;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            os.write(buffer, 0, len);
            os.flush();
        }
        os.close();
        is.close();
        return "redirect:/index.jsp";
    }
}

2. Tansto方法

package com.wang.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

@RestController
public class FileController {
    /*
     * 採用file.Transto 來儲存上傳的檔案
     */
    @RequestMapping("/upload2")
    public String fileUpload2(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {

        //上傳路徑儲存設定
        String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        File realPath = new File(path);
        if (!realPath.exists()) {
            realPath.mkdir();
        }
        //上傳檔案地址
        System.out.println("上傳檔案儲存地址:" + realPath);

        //通過CommonsMultipartFile的方法直接寫檔案(注意這個時候)
        file.transferTo(new File(realPath + "/" + file.getOriginalFilename()));

        return "redirect:/index.jsp";
    }
}

2. 檔案下載

1. 前端設計

利用a標籤實現跳轉

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Wang
  Date: 2020/9/11
  Time: 16:48
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>

  <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/download">點選下載</a>


  </body>
</html>

2. controller設定

檔案下載步驟:

1、設定 response 響應頭

2、讀取檔案 -- InputStream

3、寫出檔案 -- OutputStream

4、執行操作

5、關閉流 (先開後關)

package com.wang.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

@RestController
public class FileController {

    @RequestMapping(value="/download")
    public String downloads(HttpServletResponse response , HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        //要下載的圖片地址
        String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        String fileName = "基礎語法.jpg";

        //1、設定response 響應頭
        response.reset(); //設定頁面不快取,清空buffer
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //字元編碼
        response.setContentType("multipart/form-data"); //二進位制傳輸資料
        //設定響應頭
        response.setHeader("Content-Disposition",
                "attachment;fileName=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));

        File file = new File(path, fileName);
        //2、 讀取檔案--輸入流
        InputStream input = new FileInputStream(file);
        //3、 寫出檔案--輸出流
        OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();

        byte[] buff = new byte[1024];
        int index = 0;
        //4、執行 寫出操作
        while ((index = input.read(buff)) != -1) {
            out.write(buff, 0, index);
            out.flush();
        }
        out.close();
        input.close();
        return null;
    }

}