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Python如何實現單步調試

out 程序 關聯 如何實現 格式 none aps pen tid

遇到大型python項目,如何定位問題和監控程序的運行狀態是一個程序員必須掌握的技能,今天小編為你帶來python程序的單步調試方法,方便易用,簡單易記!

首先你需要在所調試程序的開頭中:import pdb 並在你的代碼行設置斷點:pdb.set_trace()

def get_input(Data, SuiteID, CaseID, caseinfolist):  
    global sArge
    sArge=‘‘
    args = []  
    #對於get請求,將參數組合  
    if reqmethod.upper()==GET:
        
for j in range(0, caseinfolist[1]): if Data.read_data(SuiteID, Data.casebegin+CaseID, Data.argbegin+j) != "None": ArgValue = Data.read_data(SuiteID, Data.casebegin+CaseID, Data.argbegin+j) if $$ in ArgValue:#走關聯分支 args = ArgValue.split(
$$) #print args corvalue = Correl(args[0], args[1], args[2]) pdb.set_trace() #######這兒設置斷點,程序運行到此處就開始了單步調試########### if corvalue == []: sArge = correlerr #return sArge
#infolog="關聯失敗" #ret1 = ‘NG‘ #Data.write_data(SuiteID, Data.casebegin+CaseID, 15,infolog,NG_COLOR) #write_result(Date, SuiteID, Data.casebegin+CaseID, 16, ret1) else: sArge=sArge+caseinfolist[2][j]+=+corvalue[0]+& else: sArge=sArge+caseinfolist[2][j]+=+ArgValue+& #print sArge #去掉結尾的&字符 if sArge[-1:]==&: sArge = sArge[0:-1] #sInput=caseinfolist[0]+sArge #為了post和get分開方便,不在這裏組合接口名,在調用的地方組合接口名。 return sArge #對於post請求,因為不知道連接格式是=還是冒號,或者是其他的格式,所以不做拼接。直接取參數的第一個作為上傳body。 else: sArge=Data.read_data(SuiteID, Data.casebegin+CaseID, 3) if $$ in sArge:#走關聯分支 args = sArge.split($$) #print args corvalue = Correl(args[0], args[1], args[2]) if corvalue == []: sArge = correlerr return sArge else: return sArge

程序開始之後pdb調試界面:

> c:\users\wangchao\workspace\interface_test\testframe.py(253)HTTPInvoke()
-> if reqmethod.upper()=="GET":
(Pdb) l                               #執行命令l,會顯示出當前代碼的上下文,下面的‘->’就是當前即將執行的代碼
248 def HTTPInvoke(url,requestUri):
249 proto,rest=urllib.splittype(url)
250 host,rest =urllib.splithost(rest)
251 conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(host)
252 pdb.set_trace()
253 -> if reqmethod.upper()=="GET":
254 print url
255 conn.request(reqmethod.upper(), url,headers=reqHeaders)
256 rsps = conn.getresponse()
257 if rsps.status==200:
258 data = rsps.read()
(Pdb) reqmethod.upper() #可以直接輸入相關變量名稱來查看當前變量的值
‘GET‘
(Pdb) n #n就是next的意思就是執行下一行
> c:\users\wangchao\workspace\interface_test\testframe.py(254)HTTPInvoke()
-> print url
(Pdb) b 260 #設置斷點
Breakpoint 1 at c:\users\wangchao\workspace\interface_test\testframe.py:260
(Pdb) n
> c:\users\wangchao\workspace\interface_test\testframe.py(254)HTTPInvoke()
-> print url
(Pdb)
http://yue.sogou.com/api/h5/v1/history/recharge/list?pageNo=1&pageSize=1
> c:\users\wangchao\workspace\interface_test\testframe.py(255)HTTPInvoke()
-> conn.request(reqmethod.upper(), url,headers=reqHeaders)
(Pdb) s # 上面通過執行n程序運行到調用函數的地方,使用s可以進入函數內部
--Call--
> c:\python27\lib\httplib.py(1040)request()
-> def request(self, method, url, body=None, headers={}):
(Pdb) a # 顯示當前所有棧變量的值
self = <httplib.HTTPConnection instance at 0x03A8CE68>
method = GET
url = http://yue.sogou.com/api/h5/v1/history/recharge/list?pageNo=1&pageSize=1
body = None
headers = {‘Connection‘: ‘keep-alive‘, ‘Cookie‘: ‘SUV=004C0C0F6FCA67CB585CD8F53FC5D135; CXID=647977743F187E018526B8ECA587A052; IPLOC=CN1100; OPENID=6D4569C5D00A35876E60A94E34D685AD; pgv_pvi=2641157120; _ga=GA1.2.2141014782.1484890447; ssuid=5496173722; SMYUV=1485154923097202; sgsa_id=sogou.com|1486180882291442; GOTO=Af99046; clientId=291C8B8E05B2647F206981AD04136539; JSESSIONID=aaa_iPLt7BVjahJ1G5GOv; SNUID=FB57E5402F2A672762F7CB303085C13A; ld=uRGSyZllll2YYa4WlllllVAtUeYlllllWTieMkllll9llllljylll5@@@@@@@@@@; LSTMV=316%2C266; LCLKINT=3486; sct=61; [email protected]@@@@@@@@@@@; SUID=7BC6CA017F430E0A0000000052256039; YYID=AA6E39EBC7D6CC4AA0839B4929E7511C; usid=pp63hL5QOQSxi2gw; sgid=AViadNOrPzjYb8SzAw5wsq5g‘, ‘Accept‘: ‘text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8‘, ‘User-Agent‘: ‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0‘}
(Pdb) l
1035 self.__state = _CS_REQ_SENT
1036 else:
1037 raise CannotSendHeader()
1038 self._send_output(message_body)
1039
1040 -> def request(self, method, url, body=None, headers={}):
1041 """Send a complete request to the server."""
1042 self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
1043
1044 def _set_content_length(self, body, method):
1045 # Set the content-length based on the body. If the body is "empty", we
(Pdb) r #命令r返回到前面所進入函數的末尾
--Return--
> c:\python27\lib\httplib.py(1042)request()->None
-> self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
(Pdb) l # 可以通過l驗證一下當前程序執行的位置
1037 raise CannotSendHeader()
1038 self._send_output(message_body)
1039
1040 def request(self, method, url, body=None, headers={}):
1041 """Send a complete request to the server."""
1042 -> self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
1043
1044 def _set_content_length(self, body, method):
1045 # Set the content-length based on the body. If the body is "empty", we
1046 # set Content-Length: 0 for methods that expect a body (RFC 7230,
1047 # Section 3.3.2). If the body is set for other methods, we set the
(Pdb) r # 再執行r返回到調用該函數的地方
> c:\users\wangchao\workspace\interface_test\testframe.py(256)HTTPInvoke()
-> rsps = conn.getresponse()
(Pdb) l
251 conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(host)
252 pdb.set_trace()
253 if reqmethod.upper()=="GET":
254 print url
255 conn.request(reqmethod.upper(), url,headers=reqHeaders)
256 -> rsps = conn.getresponse()
257 if rsps.status==200:
258 data = rsps.read()
259 data = str(data)
260 B conn.close()
261 return data
(Pdb) c #執行命令c繼續運行程序,直到斷點就停留在此位置,上面設置斷點的命令“b 260”260表示第多少行
> c:\users\wangchao\workspace\interface_test\testframe.py(260)HTTPInvoke()
-> conn.close()
(Pdb) l
255 conn.request(reqmethod.upper(), url,headers=reqHeaders)
256 rsps = conn.getresponse()
257 if rsps.status==200:
258 data = rsps.read()
259 data = str(data)
260 B-> conn.close()
261 return data
262 elif rsps.status==301 or rsps.status==302:
263 headerstr=rsps.getheaders()
264 for i in headerstr:
265 if i[0].lower()==‘location‘:
(Pdb) pp data # pp 打印某個變量的值
‘{"code":0,"data":{"pageCount":0,"pageList":[],"pageNo":1,"pageSize":1,"totalCount":0},"msg":"\xe6\x88\x90\xe5\x8a\x9f"}‘
(Pdb)

總結:上面的程序是本人私有,因而不能全部上傳,在練習pdb時,建議使用自己的程序,pdb單步調試方法總結如下:

命令

解釋

break 或 b 設置斷點

設置斷點

continue 或 c

繼續執行程序

list 或 l

查看當前行的代碼段

step 或 s

進入函數

return 或 r

執行代碼直到從當前函數返回

exit 或 q

中止並退出

next 或 n

執行下一行

pp

打印變量的值

a

查看全部棧內變量

Python如何實現單步調試