Mariadb安裝
阿新 • • 發佈：2017-07-27
mariadb
/* */ mariadb]# ls
bin data include mysql-test share
COPYING DESTINATION INSTALL-BINARY README.md sql-bench
COPYING.thirdparty docs lib README-wsrep support-files
CREDITS EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT man scripts
[[email protected] mariadb]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mariadb
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in ‘/data/mariadb‘ ...
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MariaDB root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
‘./bin/mysqladmin‘ -u root password ‘new-password‘
‘./bin/mysqladmin‘ -u root -h server02 password ‘new-password‘
Alternatively you can run:
‘./bin/mysql_secure_installation‘
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at http://mariadb.com/kb or the
MySQL manual for more instructions.
You can start the MariaDB daemon with:
cd ‘.‘ ; ./bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=‘/data/mariadb‘
You can test the MariaDB daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd ‘./mysql-test‘ ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems at http://mariadb.org/jira
The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.
You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
http://dev.mysql.com
[[email protected] mariadb]# echo $?
0Mysql與Mariadb
Mysql是一個關系型數據庫，由mysql ab公司開發，在2008年被sun公司收購，2009年被oracle公司收購。mysql最新版本是5.7GA/8.0DMR。mysql 5.6版本變化比較大，5.7版本性能上有很大提升。
Mariadb是mysql的一個分支，最新版本是10.2版本。它是由Mysql原作者帶領大部分原班人馬創立的SkySQL公司維護。
Mariadb5.5版本對應MySQL的5.5版本,10.0版本對應MySQL的5.6版本。
Tips： Community 社區版本，Enterprise 企業版， GA（Generally Available）指通用版本，在生產環境中用的， DMR（Development Milestone Release）開發裏程碑發布版， RC（Release Candidate）發行候選版本，Beta開放測試版本，Alpha內部測試版本。
安裝Mariadb
1、下載安裝文件
[[email protected] src]# wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb-10.2.6/bintar-linux-glibc_214-x86_64/mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz --2017-07-21 07:01:06-- https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb-10.2.6/bi ntar-linux-glibc_214-x86_64/mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz 正在解析主機 downloads.mariadb.com (downloads.mariadb.com)... 51.255.94.155, 200 1:41d0:1004:249b:: 正在連接 downloads.mariadb.com (downloads.mariadb.com)|51.255.94.155|:443... 已 連接。 已發出 HTTP 請求，正在等待回應... 200 OK 長度：541295045 (516M) [application/octet-stream] 正在保存至: “mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz” 5% [====> 7% [==> ] 38,395,559 62.6KB/s 剩余 1h 40m
2、解壓並移動
[[email protected] src]# tar zxvfmariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz ...... [[email protected] src]# mv mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64 /usr/local/mariadb
3、創建用戶
[[email protected] mariadb]# useradd mysql
4、初始化數據庫
[[email protected] src]# cd /usr/local/mariadb [[email protected]
初始化顯示“OK”和“echo $?”校驗都表明了已正常初始化。
5、拷貝配置文件
[[email protected] mariadb]# cp support-files/my-small.cnf /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf [[email protected] mariadb]# vi /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf ...... basedir =/usr/local/mariadb datadir =/data/mariadb ......
是選用“my-small.conf”還是“my-huge.cnf ”等這種文件和設備的配置有關，根據實際設備配置選擇。
6、拷貝啟動腳本文件
[[email protected] mariadb]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mariadb
[[email protected] mariadb]# vi /etc/init.d/mariadb
......
basedir=/usr/local/mariadb ##定義basedir
datadir=/data/mariadb ##定義datadir
conf=$basedir/my.cnf ##定義conf
......
then
# Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script
# may be overwritten at next upgrade.
$bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file="$conf"--datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" "$@" & ##增加defaults-file啟動參數
wait_for_ready; return_value=$?
......7、啟動Mysql
[[email protected] mariadb]# chkconfig --add mariadb
[[email protected] mariadb]# chkconfig --list
註意：該輸出結果只顯示 SysV 服務，並不包含原生 systemd 服務。SysV 配置數據可能被原生 systemd 配置覆蓋。
如果您想列出 systemd 服務,請執行 ‘systemctl list-unit-files‘。
欲查看對特定 target 啟用的服務請執行
‘systemctl list-dependencies [target]‘。
mariadb 0:關 1:關 2:開 3:開 4:開 5:開 6:關
netconsole 0:關 1:關 2:關 3:關 4:關 5:關 6:關
network 0:關 1:關 2:開 3:開 4:開 5:開 6:關
[[email protected] mariadb]# /etc/init.d/mariadb start
Reloading systemd: [ 確定 ]
Starting mariadb (via systemctl): Job for mariadb.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mariadb.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[失敗]
[[email protected] mariadb]# systemctl status mariadb.service
● mariadb.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL
Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mariadb; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 五 2017-07-21 08:13:42 CST; 35s ago
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Process: 10559 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mariadb start (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
7月 21 08:13:41 juispan mariadb[10559]: Fatal error in defaults handling. Program aborted
7月 21 08:13:41 juispan mariadb[10559]: WARNING: Defaults file ‘/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf--datadir=/var/lib/mysql‘ not found!
7月 21 08:13:41 juispan mariadb[10559]: 170721 08:13:41 mysqld_safe Logging to ‘/usr/local/mysql/data/juispan.err‘.
7月 21 08:13:41 juispan mariadb[10559]: 170721 08:13:41 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
7月 21 08:13:41 juispan mariadb[10559]: [147B blob data]
7月 21 08:13:42 juispan mariadb[10559]: ERROR!
7月 21 08:13:42 juispan systemd[1]: mariadb.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
7月 21 08:13:42 juispan systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: start and stop MySQL.
7月 21 08:13:42 juispan systemd[1]: Unit mariadb.service entered failed state.
7月 21 08:13:42 juispan systemd[1]: mariadb.service failed.發現“ Defaults file ‘/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf--datadir=/var/lib/mysql‘ not found!”錯誤。查看啟動腳本，發現定義defaults-file的時候，兩個參數之間沒有空格導致。
[[email protected] mariadb]# /etc/init.d/mariadb start Starting mariadb (via systemctl): [ 確定 ] [[email protected] mariadb]# netstat -lnpt Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1337/ssh tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1863/master tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:873 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2368/rsync tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3307/mysqld tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1337/sshd tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1863/master tcp6 0 0 :::873 :::* LISTEN 2368/rsync
綜上所述：mariadb的安裝簡直和mysql一模一樣。如果服務器上面只有mariadb這個服務，我們完全可以把my.cnf放在etc下，同時也就不需要定義conf以及變量了。
本文出自 “A man & A computer” 博客，請務必保留此出處http://juispan.blog.51cto.com/943137/1951282
Mariadb安裝