Hbase基本語句用法
阿新 • • 發佈：2017-09-08
常用命令 hbase
使用hbase shell命令進入hbase：
[[email protected]~]# hbase shell SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4Jbindings. SLF4J: Found binding in[jar:file:/usr/hdp/2.4.3.0-227/hadoop/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: Found binding in[jar:file:/usr/hdp/2.4.3.0-227/zookeeper/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: Seehttp://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation. SLF4J: Actual binding is of type[org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory] HBase Shell; enter ‘help<RETURN>‘ forlist of supported commands. Type "exit<RETURN>" toleave the HBase Shell Version 1.1.2.2.4.3.0-227, rUnknown, FriSep 9 23:34:30 UTC 2016 hbase(main):001:0>
輸入help 查看幫助信息
hbase(main):001:0> help HBase Shell, version 1.1.2.2.4.3.0-227,rUnknown, Fri Sep 9 23:34:30 UTC 2016 Type ‘help "COMMAND"‘, (e.g.‘help "get"‘ -- the quotes are necessary) for help on a specificcommand. Commands are grouped. Type ‘help"COMMAND_GROUP"‘, (e.g. ‘help "general"‘) for help on acommand group. COMMAND GROUPS: Group name: general Commands: status, table_help, version, whoami …
查看服務器狀態：
hbase(main):002:0> status 1 active master, 0 backup masters, 4servers, 0 dead, 20.5000 average load
查看版本信息
hbase(main):003:0> version 1.1.2.2.4.3.0-227, rUnknown, Fri Sep 9 23:34:30 UTC 2016
查看當前用戶：
hbase(main):004:0> whoami root (auth:SIMPLE) groups: root
查看表相關命令的幫助信息：
hbase(main):005:0> table_help Help for table-reference commands. You can either create a table via ‘create‘and then manipulate the table via commands like ‘put‘, ‘get‘, etc. See the standard help information for howto use each of these commands. …
創建表
常用語法：create ‘[namespacename:]tablename‘ [ ,‘columnfamilyname1‘ [ ,‘columnfamilyname2, ....]]
詳細語法使用help -create 查看create語句
hbase(main):006:0> create ‘test‘,‘fam1‘,‘fam2‘ 0 row(s) in 8.3530 seconds => Hbase::Table – test
使用list命令列出表名：
常用語法：list ‘[namespacename:]tablename]
詳細語法可以使用help ‘list‘ 查看，list 後面可以跟正則表達式，列出符合表達式的表名
hbase(main):011:0> list ‘test‘ –列出名為test的表名 TABLE test 1 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds => ["test"] hbase(main):012:0> list ‘tes.*‘—列出以名稱tes開頭的表名 TABLE test test:testtable 2 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds => ["test","test:testtable"] hbase(main):013:0> list ‘default:.*‘ –列出default命名空間下的表名 TABLE ambarismoketest test 2 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds => ["ambarismoketest","test"] hbase(main):014:0> list ‘test:.*‘ –列出test這個命名空間下的表名 TABLE test:testtable 1 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds => ["test:testtable"]
使用desc命令查看指定表的具體信息（desc等同於describe）
語法：desc ‘[namespacename:]tablename‘
describe ‘[namespacename:]tablename‘
詳細語法使用help ‘describe‘查看
hbase(main):016:0> desc ‘test‘ 查看test這張表的信息
Table test is ENABLED
test
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => ‘fam1‘, BLOOMFILTER =>‘ROW‘, VERSIONS => ‘1‘, IN_MEMORY => ‘false‘, KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>‘FALSE‘, DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => ‘NONE‘, TTL => ‘FOREVER‘, COMPRE
SSION => ‘NONE‘, MIN_VERSIONS => ‘0‘,BLOCKCACHE => ‘true‘, BLOCKSIZE => ‘65536‘, REPLICATION_SCOPE =>‘0‘}
{NAME => ‘fam2‘, BLOOMFILTER =>‘ROW‘, VERSIONS => ‘1‘, IN_MEMORY => ‘false‘, KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>‘FALSE‘, DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => ‘NONE‘, TTL => ‘FOREVER‘, COMPRE
SSION => ‘NONE‘, MIN_VERSIONS => ‘0‘,BLOCKCACHE => ‘true‘, BLOCKSIZE => ‘65536‘, REPLICATION_SCOPE =>‘0‘}
2 row(s) in 0.1710 seconds
hbase(main):017:0> desc ‘test:testtable‘查看test命名空間下testtable這張表的信息
Table test:testtable is ENABLED
test:testtable
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => ‘colfam1‘, BLOOMFILTER =>‘ROW‘, VERSIONS => ‘1‘, IN_MEMORY => ‘false‘, KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>‘FALSE‘, DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => ‘NONE‘, TTL => ‘FOREVER‘, COM
PRESSION => ‘NONE‘, MIN_VERSIONS =>‘0‘, BLOCKCACHE => ‘true‘, BLOCKSIZE => ‘65536‘, REPLICATION_SCOPE =>‘0‘}
{NAME => ‘colfam2‘, BLOOMFILTER =>‘ROW‘, VERSIONS => ‘1‘, IN_MEMORY => ‘false‘, KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>‘FALSE‘, DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => ‘NONE‘, TTL => ‘FOREVER‘, COM
PRESSION => ‘NONE‘, MIN_VERSIONS =>‘0‘, BLOCKCACHE => ‘true‘, BLOCKSIZE => ‘65536‘, REPLICATION_SCOPE =>‘0‘}
{NAME => ‘colfam3‘, BLOOMFILTER =>‘ROW‘, VERSIONS => ‘1‘, IN_MEMORY => ‘false‘, KEEP_DELETED_CELLS =>‘FALSE‘, DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => ‘NONE‘, TTL => ‘FOREVER‘, COM
PRESSION => ‘NONE‘, MIN_VERSIONS =>‘0‘, BLOCKCACHE => ‘true‘, BLOCKSIZE => ‘65536‘, REPLICATION_SCOPE =>‘0‘}
3 row(s) in 0.0290 seconds
使用put插入數據
常用語法：put ‘[namespacename:]tablename‘ , ‘rowkey‘ , ‘columnfamilyname[:column]‘ , ‘value‘
詳細語法使用help ‘put‘查看
hbase(main):002:0> put‘test‘,‘row2‘,‘fam1:a‘,‘value‘ 0 row(s) in 0.3760 seconds hbase(main):003:0> put ‘test‘,‘row1‘,‘fam1:a‘,‘value‘ 0 row(s) in 0.3760 seconds hbase(main):004:0> put ‘test‘,‘row1‘,‘fam2:a‘,‘value‘ 0 row(s) in 0.3760 seconds hbase(main):005:0> put‘test‘,‘row2‘,‘fam2:a‘,‘value‘ 0 row(s) in 0.3760 seconds
使用scan查看全表數據
常用語法：scan ‘[namespacename:]tablename‘
詳細語法使用help ‘scan‘查看
hbase(main):002:0> scan ‘test‘ ROW COLUMN+CELL row1 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767451331, value=value row1 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value row2 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value row2 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value 2 row(s) in 0.1120 seconds
查看指定列的數據：
hbase(main):004:0> scan ‘test‘,{COLUMNS=> ‘fam1:a‘}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
row1 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767451331, value=value
row2 column=fam1:a,timestamp=1504767600686, value=value
2 row(s) in 0.2390 seconds
hbase(main):021:0> get ‘test‘,‘row1‘
COLUMN CELL
fam1:a timestamp=1504768075731, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02
fam2:a timestamp=1504767471977, value=value
2 row(s) in 0.1110 seconds
使用get查詢數據：
語法：get ‘[namespacename:]tablename‘ , ‘rowkey‘ [, ‘columnfamliyname[:column]‘]
詳細語法使用help ‘get‘查看
hbase(main):024:0> get‘test‘,‘row1‘,‘fam1‘ COLUMN CELL fam1:a timestamp=1504768075731, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02 1 row(s) in 0.0690 seconds hbase(main):026:0> get ‘test‘,‘row1‘,‘fam1:a‘ COLUMN CELL fam1:a timestamp=1504768075731, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02 1 row(s) in 0.0430 seconds
使用delete刪除數據
常用語法：delete ‘[namespacename:]tablename‘ , ‘rowkey‘ , ‘columnfamliyname:column‘
當表中存在只制定了columnfamily沒有具體制定column的數據時，delete可以這麽用
delete ‘[namespacename:]tablename‘ , ‘rowkey‘ , ‘columnfamliyname‘,不存在這樣的數據，使用這樣的語句不會刪除數據。
更詳細的語法使用help ‘delete‘查看
hbase(main):008:0> delete‘test‘,‘row1‘,‘fam1:a‘ 0 row(s) in 0.3370 seconds hbase(main):009:0> scan ‘test‘ ROW COLUMN+CELL row1 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value row2 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value row2 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value 2 row(s) in 0.0850 seconds
使用incr增加數據（默認使用counter實現遞增）
常用語法：incr ‘[namespacename:]tablename‘ , ‘rowkey‘ , ‘columnfamilyname:column‘
更詳細的語法使用help ‘incr‘查看
hbase(main):012:0> incr‘test‘,‘row1‘,‘fam1:a‘ COUNTER VALUE = 1 0 row(s) in 1.1700 seconds hbase(main):013:0> scan ‘test‘ ROW COLUMN+CELL row1 column=fam1:a,timestamp=1504768054892, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01 row1 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value row2 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value row2 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014,value=value 2 row(s) in 0.0410 seconds hbase(main):014:0> incr‘test‘,‘row1‘,‘fam1:a‘ COUNTER VALUE = 2 0 row(s) in 0.0480 seconds hbase(main):015:0> scan ‘test‘ ROW COLUMN+CELL row1 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504768075731,value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02 row1 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value row2 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value row2 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value 2 row(s) in 0.0770 seconds
使用get_counter查看當前的counter值：
hbase(main):027:0> get_counter‘test‘,‘row1‘,‘fam1:a‘ COUNTER VALUE = 2
使用put更新數據：
hbase(main):029:0> scan ‘test‘ ROW COLUMN+CELL row1 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504768075731,value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02 row1 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value row2 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value row2 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value 2 row(s) in 0.0270 seconds hbase(main):030:0> put‘test‘,‘row1‘,‘fam1:a‘,‘newvalue‘ 0 row(s) in 0.0250 seconds hbase(main):031:0> scan ‘test‘ ROW COLUMN+CELL row1 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504768397480, value=newvalue row1 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767471977, value=value row2 column=fam1:a, timestamp=1504767600686, value=value row2 column=fam2:a, timestamp=1504767715014, value=value 2 row(s) in 0.0760 seconds
使用is_enabled/is_disabled查看表是否被啟用/禁用
hbase(main):032:0> is_enable ‘test‘ NoMethodError: undefined method `is_enable‘for #<Object:0x15d114ce> hbase(main):033:0> is_enabled ‘test‘ true 0 row(s) in 0.1180 seconds hbase(main):034:0> is_disabled ‘test‘ false 0 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds
使用disable禁用表
hbase(main):001:0> disable ‘test‘ 0 row(s) in 4.7170 seconds hbase(main):002:0> is_disabled ‘test‘ true 0 row(s) in 0.0210 seconds
使用enbale啟用表
hbase(main):003:0> enable ‘test‘ 0 row(s) in 2.2910 seconds hbase(main):004:0> is_enabled ‘test‘ true 0 row(s) in 0.0180 seconds
刪除fam1這個columnfamily：
hbase(main):007:0> alter‘test‘,{NAME=>‘fam1‘,METHOD=>‘delete‘}
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 2.1980 seconds
hbase(main):008:0> desc ‘test‘
Table test is ENABLED
test
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => ‘fam2‘, BLOOMFILTER => ‘ROW‘,VERSIONS => ‘1‘, IN_MEMORY => ‘false‘, KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => ‘FALSE‘,DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => ‘NONE‘, TTL => ‘FOREVER‘, COMPRE
SSION => ‘NONE‘, MIN_VERSIONS => ‘0‘,BLOCKCACHE => ‘true‘, BLOCKSIZE => ‘65536‘, REPLICATION_SCOPE =>‘0‘}
1 row(s) in 0.0350 seconds
清空表數據：
hbase(main):009:0> truncate ‘test‘ Truncating ‘test‘ table (it may take awhile): -Disabling table... -Truncating table... 0 row(s) in 3.6540 seconds hbase(main):010:0> scan ‘test‘ ROW COLUMN+CELL 0 row(s) in 0.0460 seconds
刪除表（必須先disable表才能drop表）:
hbase(main):011:0> disable ‘test‘ 0 row(s) in 2.2680 seconds hbase(main):012:0> drop ‘test‘ 0 row(s) in 1.2680 seconds hbase(main):014:0> list ‘test‘ TABLE 0 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds => []
本文出自 “天黑順路” 博客，請務必保留此出處http://mjal01.blog.51cto.com/12140495/1963443
Hbase基本語句用法