Book Imformation : <Pratical Programming : An Introduction to Computer Science Using Python 3> 2nd Edtion

Author : Paul Gries,Jennifer Campbell,Jason Montojo

Page : Chapter 1 and Chapter 2.1-2.2

1.every computer runs operating system,which it‘s the only program on the computer that‘s allowed direct access to the hardware(硬件)

or more complicate(add another layer between the programmer and the hardware) :

2.two ways to use the Python interpreter(解釋器) :

(1).execute a saved Python program with .py extension(擴展，後綴)

(2).using a Python shell(殼，命令解析器)

3.the >>> symbol is called a prompt(提示),prompting you to type something

4.the result of interger division has a decimal point even is a whole number :

1 >>> 5 / 2
2 2.5
3 >>> 4 / 2
4 2.0

5.when the operands (操作數) are int and float,Python automatically convert the int into a float :

1 >>> 17.0 - 10
2 7.0
3 >>> 17 - 10.0
4 7.0

and you can omit zero like ‘17.’ (but most people think it is a bad idea)

6.integer division,modulo(取模)

1 >>> 53 // 24 
2 2
3 >>> 53 % 24
4 5

//：整除

when the operands are negative or float,it takes the floor(向下取整) of the result.

1 >>> -17 // 10 
2 -2
3 >>> 17 // 10
4 1

1 >>> 3.5 // 1.0
2 3.0
3 >>> 3 // 1.1
4 2.0
5 >>> 3.3 // 1
6 3.0

when using modulo,the sign of the result matches the divisor(除數)

定義：a % b = a - n*b，n為不超過a/b的整數

1 >>> -17 % 10
2 3
3 >>> 17 % -10
4 -3

7.exponentiation(取冪)：**

1 >>> 2 ** 3
2 8
3 >>> 3 ** 3
4 27

8.binary operators(雙目運算符),unary operators(單目運算符)

+、-、*、/：binary operators

-(nagetive)：unary operators

1 >>> -5
2 -5
3 >>> --5
4 5
5 >>> ---5
6 -5

Note 1 for <Pratical Programming : An Introduction to Computer Science Using Python 3>