CreateWindow創建無邊框 可拉伸窗體
createwindow 定義
HWND WINAPI CreateWindow( _In_opt_ LPCTSTR lpClassName, _In_opt_ LPCTSTR lpWindowName, _In_ DWORD dwStyle, _In_ int x, _In_ int y, _In_ int nWidth, _In_ int nHeight, _In_opt_ HWND hWndParent, _In_opt_ HMENU hMenu, _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hInstance, _In_opt_ LPVOID lpParam );
修改樣式設置style
將窗體設置為 無邊框(|WS_POPUP),方便嵌到其他程序裏面,一般設置為最大化(WS_MAXIMIZE),如需設置可拖拽(WS_SIZEBOX)。如果需要設置成固定大小及位置 調整xy坐標及width、height 寬高。
CreateWindow((LPCTSTR)"name", (LPCTSTR)"title", WS_SIZEBOX |WS_POPUP|WS_MAXIMIZE , 0, 0, 500, 600, 0, 0, (HINSTANCE)hWnd, NULL);
下面為一些參考鏈接
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https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms632679(v=vs.85).aspx
CreateWindow function
Creates an overlapped, pop-up, or child window. It specifies the window class, window title, window style, and (optionally) the initial position and size of the window. The function also specifies the window‘s parent or owner, if any, and the window‘s menu.
To use extended window styles in addition to the styles supported by CreateWindow, use the CreateWindowEx function.
Syntax
C++HWND WINAPI CreateWindow(
_In_opt_ LPCTSTR lpClassName,
_In_opt_ LPCTSTR lpWindowName,
_In_ DWORD dwStyle,
_In_ int x,
_In_ int y,
_In_ int nWidth,
_In_ int nHeight,
_In_opt_ HWND hWndParent,
_In_opt_ HMENU hMenu,
_In_opt_ HINSTANCE hInstance,
_In_opt_ LPVOID lpParam
);
Parameters
- lpClassName [in, optional]
-
Type: LPCTSTR
A null-terminated string or a class atom created by a previous call to the RegisterClass or RegisterClassEx function. The atom must be in the low-order word of lpClassName; the high-order word must be zero. If lpClassName is a string, it specifies the window class name. The class name can be any name registered with RegisterClass or RegisterClassEx, provided that the module that registers the class is also the module that creates the window. The class name can also be any of the predefined system class names. For a list of system class names, see the Remarks section.
- lpWindowName [in, optional]
-
Type: LPCTSTR
The window name. If the window style specifies a title bar, the window title pointed to by lpWindowName is displayed in the title bar. When using CreateWindow to create controls, such as buttons, check boxes, and static controls, use lpWindowName to specify the text of the control. When creating a static control with the SS_ICON style, use lpWindowName to specify the icon name or identifier. To specify an identifier, use the syntax "#num".
- dwStyle [in]
-
Type: DWORD
The style of the window being created. This parameter can be a combination of the window style values, plus the control styles indicated in the Remarks section.
- x [in]
-
Type: int
The initial horizontal position of the window. For an overlapped or pop-up window, the x parameter is the initial x-coordinate of the window‘s upper-left corner, in screen coordinates. For a child window, x is the x-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the window relative to the upper-left corner of the parent window‘s client area. If this parameter is set to CW_USEDEFAULT, the system selects the default position for the window‘s upper-left corner and ignores the y parameter. CW_USEDEFAULT is valid only for overlapped windows; if it is specified for a pop-up or child window, the x and y parameters are set to zero.
- y [in]
-
Type: int
The initial vertical position of the window. For an overlapped or pop-up window, the y parameter is the initial y-coordinate of the window‘s upper-left corner, in screen coordinates. For a child window, y is the initial y-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the child window relative to the upper-left corner of the parent window‘s client area. For a list box, y is the initial y-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the list box‘s client area relative to the upper-left corner of the parent window‘s client area.
If an overlapped window is created with the WS_VISIBLE style bit set and the x parameter is set to CW_USEDEFAULT, then the y parameter determines how the window is shown. If the y parameter is CW_USEDEFAULT, then the window manager calls ShowWindow with the SW_SHOW flag after the window has been created. If the y parameter is some other value, then the window manager calls ShowWindow with that value as the nCmdShow parameter.
- nWidth [in]
-
Type: int
The width, in device units, of the window. For overlapped windows, nWidth is either the window‘s width, in screen coordinates, or CW_USEDEFAULT. If nWidth is CW_USEDEFAULT, the system selects a default width and height for the window; the default width extends from the initial x-coordinate to the right edge of the screen, and the default height extends from the initial y-coordinate to the top of the icon area. CW_USEDEFAULT is valid only for overlapped windows; if CW_USEDEFAULT is specified for a pop-up or child window, nWidth and nHeight are set to zero.
- nHeight [in]
-
Type: int
The height, in device units, of the window. For overlapped windows, nHeight is the window‘s height, in screen coordinates. If nWidth is set to CW_USEDEFAULT, the system ignores nHeight.
- hWndParent [in, optional]
-
Type: HWND
A handle to the parent or owner window of the window being created. To create a child window or an owned window, supply a valid window handle. This parameter is optional for pop-up windows.
To create a message-only window, supply HWND_MESSAGE or a handle to an existing message-only window.
- hMenu [in, optional]
-
Type: HMENU
A handle to a menu, or specifies a child-window identifier depending on the window style. For an overlapped or pop-up window, hMenu identifies the menu to be used with the window; it can be NULL if the class menu is to be used. For a child window, hMenu specifies the child-window identifier, an integer value used by a dialog box control to notify its parent about events. The application determines the child-window identifier; it must be unique for all child windows with the same parent window.
- hInstance [in, optional]
-
Type: HINSTANCE
A handle to the instance of the module to be associated with the window.
- lpParam [in, optional]
-
Type: LPVOID
A pointer to a value to be passed to the window through the CREATESTRUCT structure (lpCreateParams member) pointed to by the lParam param of the WM_CREATE message. This message is sent to the created window by this function before it returns.
If an application calls CreateWindow to create a MDI client window, lpParam should point to a CLIENTCREATESTRUCT structure. If an MDI client window calls CreateWindow to create an MDI child window, lpParam should point to a MDICREATESTRUCT structure. lpParam may be NULL if no additional data is needed.
Return value
Type:
Type: HWND
If the function succeeds, the return value is a handle to the new window.
If the function fails, the return value is NULL. To get extended error information, call GetLastError.
This function typically fails for one of the following reasons:
- an invalid parameter value
- the system class was registered by a different module
- The WH_CBT hook is installed and returns a failure code
- if one of the controls in the dialog template is not registered, or its window window procedure fails WM_CREATE or WM_NCCREATE
Remarks
Before returning, CreateWindow sends a WM_CREATE message to the window procedure. For overlapped, pop-up, and child windows, CreateWindow sends WM_CREATE, WM_GETMINMAXINFO, and WM_NCCREATE messages to the window. The lParam parameter of the WM_CREATE message contains a pointer to a CREATESTRUCT structure. If the WS_VISIBLE style is specified, CreateWindow sends the window all the messages required to activate and show the window.
If the created window is a child window, its default position is at the bottom of the Z-order. If the created window is a top-level window, its default position is at the top of the Z-order (but beneath all topmost windows unless the created window is itself topmost).
For information on controlling whether the Taskbar displays a button for the created window, see Managing Taskbar Buttons.
For information on removing a window, see the DestroyWindow function.
The following predefined system classes can be specified in the lpClassName parameter. Note the corresponding control styles you can use in the dwStyle parameter.
System class | Meaning |
---|---|
BUTTON |
Designates a small rectangular child window that represents a button the user can click to turn it on or off. Button controls can be used alone or in groups, and they can either be labeled or appear without text. Button controls typically change appearance when the user clicks them. For more information, see Buttons For a table of the button styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see Button Styles. |
COMBOBOX |
Designates a control consisting of a list box and a selection field similar to an edit control. When using this style, an application should either display the list box at all times or enable a drop-down list box. If the list box is visible, typing characters into the selection field highlights the first list box entry that matches the characters typed. Conversely, selecting an item in the list box displays the selected text in the selection field. For more information, see Combo Boxes. For a table of the combo box styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see Combo Box Styles. |
EDIT |
Designates a rectangular child window into which the user can type text from the keyboard. The user selects the control and gives it the keyboard focus by clicking it or moving to it by pressing the TAB key. The user can type text when the edit control displays a flashing caret; use the mouse to move the cursor, select characters to be replaced, or position the cursor for inserting characters; or use the BACKSPACE key to delete characters. For more information, see Edit Controls. For a table of the edit control styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see Edit Control Styles. |
LISTBOX |
Designates a list of character strings. Specify this control whenever an application must present a list of names, such as file names, from which the user can choose. The user can select a string by clicking it. A selected string is highlighted, and a notification message is passed to the parent window. For more information, see List Boxes. For a table of the list box styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see List Box Styles. |
MDICLIENT |
Designates an MDI client window. This window receives messages that control the MDI application‘s child windows. The recommended style bits are WS_CLIPCHILDREN and WS_CHILD. Specify the WS_HSCROLL and WS_VSCROLL styles to create an MDI client window that allows the user to scroll MDI child windows into view. For more information, see Multiple Document Interface. |
RichEdit |
Designates a Microsoft Rich Edit 1.0 control. This window lets the user view and edit text with character and paragraph formatting, and can include embedded Component Object Model (COM) objects. For more information, see Rich Edit Controls. For a table of the rich edit control styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see Rich Edit Control Styles. |
RICHEDIT_CLASS |
Designates a Microsoft Rich Edit 2.0 control. This controls let the user view and edit text with character and paragraph formatting, and can include embedded COM objects. For more information, see Rich Edit Controls. For a table of the rich edit control styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see Rich Edit Control Styles. |
SCROLLBAR |
Designates a rectangle that contains a scroll box and has direction arrows at both ends. The scroll bar sends a notification message to its parent window whenever the user clicks the control. The parent window is responsible for updating the position of the scroll box, if necessary. For more information, see Scroll Bars. For a table of the scroll bar control styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see Scroll Bar Control Styles. |
STATIC |
Designates a simple text field, box, or rectangle used to label, box, or separate other controls. Static controls take no input and provide no output. For more information, see Static Controls. For a table of the static control styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see Static Control Styles. |
CreateWindow is implemented as a call to the CreateWindowEx function, as shown below.
#define CreateWindowA(lpClassName, lpWindowName, dwStyle, x, y, nWidth, nHeight, hWndParent, hMenu, hInstance, lpParam)CreateWindowExA(0L, lpClassName, lpWindowName, dwStyle, x, y, nWidth, nHeight, hWndParent, hMenu, hInstance, lpParam) #define CreateWindowW(lpClassName, lpWindowName, dwStyle, x, y, nWidth, nHeight, hWndParent, hMenu, hInstance, lpParam)CreateWindowExW(0L, lpClassName, lpWindowName, dwStyle, x, y, nWidth, nHeight, hWndParent, hMenu, hInstance, lpParam) #ifdef UNICODE #define CreateWindow CreateWindowW #else #define CreateWindow CreateWindowA #endif
Examples
For an example, see Using Window Classes.
Requirements
Minimum supported client |
Windows 2000 Professional [desktop apps only] |
---|---|
Minimum supported server |
Windows 2000 Server [desktop apps only] |
Header |
|
Unicode and ANSI names |
CreateWindowW (Unicode) and CreateWindowA (ANSI) |
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms632600(v=vs.85).aspx
Window Styles
The following are the window styles. After the window has been created, these styles cannot be modified, except as noted.
Constant/value | Description |
---|---|
|
The window has a thin-line border. |
|
The window has a title bar (includes the WS_BORDER style). |
|
The window is a child window. A window with this style cannot have a menu bar. This style cannot be used with the WS_POPUP style. |
|
Same as the WS_CHILD style. |
|
Excludes the area occupied by child windows when drawing occurs within the parent window. This style is used when creating the parent window. |
|
Clips child windows relative to each other; that is, when a particular child window receives a WM_PAINT message, the WS_CLIPSIBLINGS style clips all other overlapping child windows out of the region of the child window to be updated. If WS_CLIPSIBLINGS is not specified and child windows overlap, it is possible, when drawing within the client area of a child window, to draw within the client area of a neighboring child window. |
|
The window is initially disabled. A disabled window cannot receive input from the user. To change this after a window has been created, use the EnableWindow function. |
|
The window has a border of a style typically used with dialog boxes. A window with this style cannot have a title bar. |
|
The window is the first control of a group of controls. The group consists of this first control and all controls defined after it, up to the next control with the WS_GROUP style. The first control in each group usually has the WS_TABSTOP style so that the user can move from group to group. The user can subsequently change the keyboard focus from one control in the group to the next control in the group by using the direction keys. You can turn this style on and off to change dialog box navigation. To change this style after a window has been created, use the SetWindowLong function. |
|
The window has a horizontal scroll bar. |
|
The window is initially minimized. Same as the WS_MINIMIZE style. |
|
The window is initially maximized. |
|
The window has a maximize button. Cannot be combined with the WS_EX_CONTEXTHELP style. The WS_SYSMENU style must also be specified. |
|
The window is initially minimized. Same as the WS_ICONIC style. |
|
The window has a minimize button. Cannot be combined with the WS_EX_CONTEXTHELP style. The WS_SYSMENU style must also be specified. |
|
The window is an overlapped window. An overlapped window has a title bar and a border. Same as the WS_TILED style. |
|
The window is an overlapped window. Same as the WS_TILEDWINDOW style. |
|
The windows is a pop-up window. This style cannot be used with the WS_CHILD style. |
|
The window is a pop-up window. The WS_CAPTION and WS_POPUPWINDOW styles must be combined to make the window menu visible. |
|
The window has a sizing border. Same as the WS_THICKFRAME style. |
|
The window has a window menu on its title bar. The WS_CAPTION style must also be specified. |
|
The window is a control that can receive the keyboard focus when the user presses the TAB key. Pressing the TAB key changes the keyboard focus to the next control with the WS_TABSTOP style. You can turn this style on and off to change dialog box navigation. To change this style after a window has been created, use the SetWindowLong function. For user-created windows and modeless dialogs to work with tab stops, alter the message loop to call the IsDialogMessage function. |
|
The window has a sizing border. Same as the WS_SIZEBOX style. |
|
The window is an overlapped window. An overlapped window has a title bar and a border. Same as the WS_OVERLAPPED style. |
|
The window is an overlapped window. Same as the WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW style. |
|
The window is initially visible. This style can be turned on and off by using the ShowWindow or SetWindowPos function. |
|
The window has a vertical scroll bar. |
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C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.15063.0\um\WinUser.h 為各種定義
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from:http://www.cnblogs.com/mqxs/p/3504637.html
CreateWindow
該函數創建一個重疊式窗口、彈出式窗口或子窗口。它指定窗口類,窗口標題,窗口風格,以及窗口的初始位置及大小(可選的)。函數也指該窗口的父窗口或所屬窗口(如果存在的話),及窗口的菜單。若要使用除CreateWindow函數支持的風格外的擴展風格,則使用CreateWindowEx函數代替CreateWindow函數。
HWND CreateWindow( LPCTSTR lpClassName, LPCTSTR lpWindowName, DWORD dwStyle, int x, int y, int nWidth, int nHeight, HWND hWndParent, HMENU hMenu, HANDLE hlnstance, LPVOID lpParam); lpClassName 指向一個空結束的字符串或整型數atom。如果該參數是一個整型量,它是由此前調用theGlobalAddAtom函數產生的全局量。這個小於0xC000的16位數必須是lpClassName參數字的低16位,該參數的高位必須是0。 如果lpClassName是一個字符串,它指定了窗口的類名。這個類名可以是任何用函數RegisterClass註冊的類名,或是任何預定義的控制類名。請看說明部分的列表。 LPWindowName 指向一個指定窗口名的空結束的字符串指針。 如果窗口風格指定了標題條,由lpWindowName指向的窗口標題將顯示在標題條上。當使用Createwindow函數來創建控制例如按鈕,選擇框和靜態控制時,可使用lpWindowName來指定控制文本。 dwStyle 指定創建窗口的風格。該參數可以是下列窗口風格的組合再加上說明部分的控制風格。風格意義: WS_BORDER:創建一個帶邊框的窗口。 WS_CAPTION:創建一個有標題框的窗口(包括WS_BODER風格)。 WS_CHILD:創建一個子窗口。這個風格不能與WS_POPUP風格合用。 WS_CHILDWINDOW:與WS_CHILD相同。 WS_CLIPCHILDREN:當在父窗口內繪圖時,排除子窗口區域。在創建父窗口時使用這個風格。 WS_CLIPSIBLINGS:排除子窗口之間的相對區域,也就是,當一個特定的窗口接收到WM_PAINT消息時,WS_CLIPSIBLINGS 風格將所有層疊窗口排除在繪圖之外,只重繪指定的子窗口。如果未指定WS_CLIPSIBLINGS風格,並且子窗口是層疊的,則在重繪子窗口的客戶區時,就會重繪鄰近的子窗口。 WS_DISABLED:創建一個初始狀態為禁止的子窗口。一個禁止狀態的窗口不能接受來自用戶的輸入信息。 WS_DLGFRAME:創建一個帶對話框邊框風格的窗口。這種風格的窗口不能帶標題條。 WS_GROUP:指定一組控制的第一個控制。這個控制組由第一個控制和隨後定義的控制組成,自第二個控制開始每個控制,具有WS_GROUP風格,每個組的第一個控制帶有WS_TABSTOP風格,從而使用戶可以在組間移動。用戶隨後可以使用光標在組內的控制間改變鍵盤焦點。 WS_HSCROLL:創建一個有水平滾動條的窗口。 WS_ICONIC:創建一個初始狀態為最小化狀態的窗口。與WS_MINIMIZE風格相同。 WS_MAXIMIZE:創建一個初始狀態為最大化狀態的窗口。 WS_MAXIMIZEBOX:創建一個具有最大化按鈕的窗口。該風格不能與WS_EX_CONTEXTHELP風格同時出現,同時必須指定WS_SYSMENU風格。 WS_OVERLAPPED:產生一個層疊的窗口。一個層疊的窗口有一個標題條和一個邊框。與WS_TILED風格相同。 WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW:創建一個具有WS_OVERLAPPED,WS_CAPTION,WS_SYSMENU WS_THICKFRAME,WS_MINIMIZEBOX,WS_MAXIMIZEBOX風格的層疊窗口,與WS_TILEDWINDOW風格相同。 WS_POPUP:創建一個彈出式窗口。該風格不能與WS_CHILD風格同時使用。 WS_POPUPWINDOW:創建一個具有WS_BORDER,WS_POPUP,WS_SYSMENU風格的窗口,WS_CAPTION和WS_POPUPWINDOW必須同時設定才能使窗口某單可見。 WS_SIZEBOX:創建一個可調邊框的窗口,與WS_THICKFRAME風格相同。 WS_SYSMENU:創建一個在標題條上帶有窗口菜單的窗口,必須同時設定WS_CAPTION風格。 WS_TABSTOP:創建一個控制,這個控制在用戶按下Tab鍵時可以獲得鍵盤焦點。按下Tab鍵後使鍵盤焦點轉移到下一具有WS_TABSTOP風格的控制。 WS_THICKFRAME:創建一個具有可調邊框的窗口,與WS_SIZEBOX風格相同。 WS_TILED:產生一個層疊的窗口。一個層疊的窗口有一個標題和一個邊框。與WS_OVERLAPPED風格相同。 WS_TILEDWINDOW:創建一個具有WS_OVERLAPPED,WS_CAPTION,WS_SYSMENU, WS_THICKFRAME,WS_MINIMIZEBOX,WS_MAXIMIZEBOX風格的層疊窗口。與WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW風格相同。 WS_VISIBLE:創建一個初始狀態為可見的窗口。 WS_VSCROLL:創建一個有垂直滾動條的窗口。 X 指定窗口的初始水平位置。對一個層疊或彈出式窗口,X參數是屏幕坐標系的窗口的左上角的初始X坐標。對於子窗口,x是子窗口左上角相對父窗口客戶區左上角的初始X坐標。如果該參數被設為CW_USEDEFAULT則系統為窗口選擇缺省的左上角坐標並忽略Y參數。CW_USEDEFAULT只對層疊窗口有效,如果為彈出式窗口或子窗口設定,則X和y參數被設為零。 Y 指定窗口的初始垂直位置。對一個層疊或彈出式窗口,y參數是屏幕坐標系的窗口的左上角的初始y坐標。對於子窗口,y是子窗口左上角相對父窗口客戶區左上角的初始y坐標。對於列表框,y是列表框客戶區左上角相對父窗口客戶區左上角的初始y坐標。如果層疊窗口是使用WS_VISIBLE風格位創建的並且X參數被設為CW_USEDEFAULT,則系統將忽略y參數。 nWidth 以設備單元指明窗口的寬度。對於層疊窗口,nWidth或是屏幕坐標的窗口寬度或是CW_USEDEFAULT。若nWidth是CW_USEDEFAULT,則系統為窗口選擇一個缺省的高度和寬度:缺省寬度為從初始X坐標開始到屏幕的右邊界,缺省高度為從初始X坐標開始到目標區域的頂部。CW_USEDEFAULT只對層疊窗口有效;如果為彈出式窗口和子窗口設定CW_USEDEFAULT標誌則nWidth和nHeight被設為零。 nHeight 以設備單元指明窗口的高度。對於層疊窗口,nHeight是屏幕坐標的窗口寬度。若nWidth被設為CW_USEDEFAULT,則系統忽略nHeight參數。 hWndParent 指向被創建窗口的父窗口或所有者窗口的句柄。若要創建一個子窗口或一個被屬窗口,需提供一個有效的窗口句柄。這個參數對彈出式窗口是可選的。Windows NT 5.0;創建一個消息窗口,可以提供HWND_MESSAGE或提供一個己存在的消息窗口的句柄。 hMenu 菜單句柄,或依據窗口風格指明一個子窗口標識。對於層疊或彈出式窗口,hMenu指定窗口使用的菜單:如果使用了菜單類,則hMenu可以為NULL。對於子窗口,hMenu指定了該子窗口標識(一個整型量),一個對話框使用這個整型值將事件通知父類。應用程序確定子窗口標識,這個值對於相同父窗口的所有子窗口必須是唯一的。 hlnstance 與窗口相關聯的模塊實例的句柄。 lpParam 指向一個值的指針,該值傳遞給窗口WM_CREATE消息。該值通過在IParam參數中的CREATESTRUCT結構傳遞。如果應用程序調用CreateWindow創建一個MDI客戶窗口,則lpParam必須指向一個CLIENTCREATESTRUCT結構。 返回值:如果函數成功,返回值為新窗口的句柄:如果函數失敗,返回值為NULL。若想獲得更多錯誤信息,請調用GetLastError函數。CreateWindow創建無邊框 可拉伸窗體