第一篇：Tomcat介紹、安裝、配置
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-02-10
分享圖片 訪問網站 esp ext .tar.gz resp less a20 關閉防火墻 一、Tomcat介紹
- Tomcat是Apache軟件基金會（Apache Software Foundation）的Jakarta項目中的一個核心項目，有Apache 、Sun和其他一些公司以及個人共同開發而成。
- java程序寫的網站用Tomcat+jdk來運行
- Tomcat是一個中間件，真正起作用的，解析java腳本的是JDK
- JDK（java development kit）是整個java的核心，它包含了java運行環境和一堆java相關的工具 以及java基礎庫
- 最主流的jdk為Sun公司發布的JDK，除此之外，其實IBM公司也有發布JDK，CentOS上也可以用yum安裝openjdk
二、JDK下載安裝
1.下載JDK
官方地址:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html
root@docker ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@docker src]# wget http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u161-b12/2f38c3b165be4555a1fa6e98c45e0808/jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz --2018-02-09 21:35:28-- http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u161-b12/2f38c3b165be4555a1fa6e98c45e0808/jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz Resolving download.oracle.com (download.oracle.com)... 23.1.162.118 Connecting to download.oracle.com (download.oracle.com)|23.1.162.118|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Moved Temporarily Location: https://edelivery.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u161-b12/2f38c3b165be4555a1fa6e98c45e0808/jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz [following] --2018-02-09 21:35:28-- https://edelivery.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u161-b12/2f38c3b165be4555a1fa6e98c45e0808/jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz Resolving edelivery.oracle.com (edelivery.oracle.com)... 184.50.91.58, 2600:1417:76:19a::2d3e, 2600:1417:76:181::2d3e Connecting to edelivery.oracle.com (edelivery.oracle.com)|184.50.91.58|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Moved Temporarily Location: http://download.oracle.com/errors/download-fail-1505220.html [following] --2018-02-09 21:35:30-- http://download.oracle.com/errors/download-fail-1505220.html Connecting to download.oracle.com (download.oracle.com)|23.1.162.118|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 5307 (5.2K) [text/html] Saving to: ‘jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz’ 100%[===================================================================================================================>] 5,307 --.-K/s in 0s 2018-02-09 21:35:30 (21.6 MB/s) - ‘jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz’ saved [5307/5307] [root@docker src]# ll total 8 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 5307 Mar 21 2012 jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz [root@docker src]# tar -zxvf jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz gzip: stdin: not in gzip format tar: Child returned status 1 tar: Error is not recoverable: exiting now
2.解壓報錯，查看文件類型發現，通過上面的下載jdk的方式得到的是一個HTML document
[root@docker src]# file jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz
jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz: HTML document, ASCII text, with very long lines, with CRLF line terminators解決辦法：
下載安裝包並上傳
解壓後，把服務移動重mingming
[root@docker src]# tar -zxvf jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz [root@docker src]# ll total 185312 drwxr-xr-x. 8 10 143 255 Dec 20 08:24 jdk1.8.0_161 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 189756259 Feb 9 21:46 jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz [root@docker src]# mv jdk1.8.0_161/ /usr/local/jdk1.8
3.編輯/etc/profile配置文件，把下面配置文件寫入文件底端
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8/
JAVA_BIN=/usr/local/jdk1.8/bin
JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8/jre
PATH=$PATH=:/usr/local/jdk1.8/bin:/usr/local/jdk1.8/jre/bin
如截圖所示
4.加載/etc/profile配置文件，使該文件立即生效
source /etc/profile5.查看java版本
[root@docker src]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_151"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_151-b12)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.151-b12, mixed mode)
6.查看當前系統是否安裝其他版本的jdk
[root@docker src]# rpm -qa |grep jdk
copy-jdk-configs-2.2-5.el7_4.noarch
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.151-5.b12.el7_4.x86_64
java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.151-5.b12.el7_4.x86_64
三、安裝Tomcat
1.下載安裝包，並上傳到Linux環境
2.把tomcat軟件包放在指定的目錄並解壓
[root@docker ~]# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.27.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
[root@docker ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@docker src]# ll
total 194628
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9536557 Feb 10 06:35 apache-tomcat-8.5.27.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 189756259 Feb 9 21:46 jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@docker src]# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.27.tar.gz
3.把tomcat解壓後的目錄文件移動重命名,方便管理服務
[root@docker src]# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.27 /usr/local/tomcat
[root@docker src]# ll
total 194628
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9536557 Feb 10 06:35 apache-tomcat-8.5.27.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 189756259 Feb 9 21:46 jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz4.啟動tomcat
[root@docker src]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.5.查看tomcat服務進程是否啟動
[root@docker src]# ps -ef |grep tomcat
root 12810 1 18 06:51 pts/0 00:00:05 //bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomca -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
root 12892 12625 0 06:52 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tomcat6.關閉tomcat服務
[root@docker src]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
[root@docker src]# !ps
ps -ef |grep tomcat
root 12966 12625 0 06:53 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tomcat
7.查看tomca監聽的端口
[root@docker src]# netstat -nlp |grep java
tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 12984/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 12984/java
tcp6 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 12984/java
8.可在瀏覽器登錄tomcat頁面，前提是需要關閉防火墻或者放行tomcat的訪問端口8080
[root@docker src]# iptables -F
[root@docker src]# iptables -X
[root@docker src]# iptables -Z
特別說明：tomcat會用到三個端口，8080提供web服務的端口 ，8005為管理端口、8009是為第三方服務調用的端口，如httpd和Tomcat結合時使用
四、配置Tomcat監聽端口為80
1.默認情況下，tomcat會使用8080、8005、8009三個端口，8080端口是提供web服務的
[root@docker src]# netstat -nlp | grep java
tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 12984/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 12984/java
tcp6 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 12984/java 2.當我們想要直接使用域名或者IP直接訪問網站,不需要添加端口的話，只能把tomcat的監聽端口修改為80，編輯Tomcat的配置文件 /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml配置文件
3.先關閉tomcat服務，再重啟服務
[root@docker src]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
[root@docker src]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.4.查看tomcat的監聽端口是否為80
[root@docker src]# netstat -nlp |grep java
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 13427/java ##tomcat監聽端口修改成80
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 13427/java
tcp6 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 13427/java
5.此時在瀏覽器直接輸入主機IP就可以訪問tomcat服務
第一篇：Tomcat介紹、安裝、配置