python3.6+django2.0 一小時學會開發一套學員管理系統demo

阿新 • • 發佈：2018-03-02

lean pycharm 成了 ... ati etl $.ajax size static

1.在pycharm中新建project demo1 添加app01 點擊create按鈕完成新建

2.在demo項目目錄下新建目錄static，並在settings.py中追加代碼：

STATICFILES_DIRS=(os.path.join(BASE_DIR,  ‘static‘),)

3.在setting.py中添加模板路徑：

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        ‘BACKEND‘: ‘...‘,
        ‘DIRS‘: [os.path.join(BASE_DIR,  ‘templates‘),],
        ‘APP_DIRS‘: ...,
        ‘OPTIONS‘: {
            ‘context_processors‘: [
                ...
            ],
        },
    },
]

4.學員管理系統數據庫設計：

在app01/model.py目錄下建立班級、老師、學生、老師與班級關聯表四張表：

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.


class Classes(models.Model):
    ‘‘‘
    班級表
    ‘‘‘
    title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    a=models.ManyToManyField(‘Teachers‘)


class Teachers(models.Model):
    ‘‘‘
    老師表
    ‘‘‘
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)


class Students(models.Model):
    username=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    age=models.IntegerField()
    gender=models.BooleanField()
    cs=models.ForeignKey(Classes,on_delete=models.CASCADE)

在終端Terminal 項目目錄下執行數據表更新命令：

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

至此生成了四張數據表，可以在pycharm中，點開右上角的Database面板，然後將項目中templates目錄下邊的db.sqlite3鼠標拖拽到Database面板下，對新創建的數據表進行查看。

5.學員管理系統之班級管理：

為了方便分別操作班級、老師、學生相關的業務，將app01目錄下的views.py 刪掉，在app01目錄下新建目錄views，並在views目錄下新建classes.py teachers.py students.py。

1.在classes.py 中寫 get_classes add_classes del_classes edit_classes四個函數，完成對班級數據的增刪改查：

from django.shortcuts import render,redirect
from app01 import models


def get_classes(request):
    cls_list = models.Classes.objects.all()
    return render(request,‘get_classes.html‘,{‘cls_list‘:cls_list})

def add_classes(request):
    if request.method==‘GET‘:
        return render(request,‘add_classes.html‘)
    elif request.method==‘POST‘:
        title=request.POST.get(‘title‘,‘‘)
        models.Classes.objects.create(title=title)
        return redirect(‘/classes.html‘)

def del_classes(request):
    nid=request.GET.get(‘nid‘,‘‘)
    models.Classes.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()
    return redirect(‘/classes.html‘)

def edit_classes(request):
    if request.method=="GET":
        nid = request.GET.get(‘nid‘, ‘‘)
        obj=models.Classes.objects.get(id=nid)
        return render(request,‘edit_classes.html‘,{‘obj‘:obj})
    elif request.method=="POST":
        nid=request.POST.get(‘nid‘,‘‘)
        title=request.POST.get(‘xxoo‘,‘‘)
        models.Classes.objects.filter(id=nid).update(title=title)
        return redirect(‘/classes.html‘)

2.在urls.py 中配置url路由：　　

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from app01.views import classes,students,teachers

urlpatterns = [
    path(‘admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
    path(‘classes.html‘, classes.get_classes),
    path(‘add_classes.html‘, classes.add_classes),
    path(‘del_classes.html‘, classes.del_classes),
    path(‘edit_classes.html‘, classes.edit_classes),
    # path(‘teachers.html‘, teachers.get_teachers),
    # path(‘students.html‘, students.get_studernts),

]

3.在template目錄下建立所需的html頁面文件：

get_classes.html

DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <style>
        tr td{ border:1px solid #000;text-align:center;}
    </style>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<div>
    <table width="300">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>ID</th> <th>名稱</th> <th>操作</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            {% for row in cls_list %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ row.id }}</td>
                <td>{{ row.title }}</td>
                <td><a href="/del_classes.html?nid={{ row.id }}">刪除</a>
                    |<a href="/edit_classes.html?nid={{ row.id }}">編輯</a>
                </td>
            </tr>
            {% endfor %}
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>

<div><a href="/add_classes.html">添加</a> </div>
</body>
</html>

add_classes.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/add_classes.html" method="post">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <input type="text" name="title">
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

edit_classes.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="/edit_classes.html">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <input type="hidden" name="nid" value="{{ obj.id }}">
    <input type="text" name="xxoo" value="{{ obj.title }}">
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>

</body>
</html>

6.學員管理系統之學員管理：

1.在students.py 中寫 get_students add_students del_students edit_students 四個函數，完成對學生數據的增刪改查：

from django.shortcuts import render,redirect
from app01 import models


def get_students(request):
    stu_list=models.Students.objects.all()
    return render(request,‘get_students.html‘,{‘stu_list‘:stu_list})


def add_students(request):
    if request.method==‘GET‘:
        cs_list=models.Classes.objects.all()
        return render(request,‘add_students.html‘,{‘cs_list‘:cs_list})
    elif request.method==‘POST‘:
        u=request.POST.get(‘username‘,‘‘)
        a=request.POST.get(‘age‘,‘‘)
        g=request.POST.get(‘gender‘,‘‘)
        c=request.POST.get(‘cs‘,‘‘)
        models.Students.objects.create(
            username=u,
            age=a,
            gender=g,
            cs_id=c
        )
        return redirect(‘/students.html‘)


def del_students(request):
    nid = request.GET.get(‘nid‘, ‘‘)
    models.Students.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()
    return redirect(‘/students.html‘)


def edit_students(request):
    if request.method=="GET":
        nid = request.GET.get(‘nid‘, ‘‘)
        obj=models.Students.objects.get(id=nid)
        cs_list = models.Classes.objects.all()
        return render(request,‘edit_students.html‘,{‘obj‘:obj,‘cs_list‘:cs_list})
    elif request.method=="POST":
        nid=request.POST.get(‘nid‘,‘‘)
        u = request.POST.get(‘username‘, ‘‘)
        a = request.POST.get(‘age‘, ‘‘)
        g = request.POST.get(‘gender‘, ‘‘)
        c = request.POST.get(‘cs‘, ‘‘)
        models.Students.objects.filter(id=nid).update(
            username=u,
            age=a,
            gender=g,
            cs_id=c)
        return redirect(‘/students.html‘)

2.在urls.py 中配置url路由：　

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from app01.views import classes,students,teachers

urlpatterns = [
    path(‘admin/‘, admin.site.urls),

    path(‘classes.html‘, classes.get_classes),
    path(‘add_classes.html‘, classes.add_classes),
    path(‘del_classes.html‘, classes.del_classes),
    path(‘edit_classes.html‘, classes.edit_classes),

    path(‘students.html‘, students.get_students),
    path(‘add_students.html‘, students.add_students),
    path(‘del_students.html‘, students.del_students),
    path(‘edit_students.html‘, students.edit_students),
    # path(‘teachers.html‘, teachers.get_teachers),
]

3.在template目錄下建立所需的html頁面文件：

get_students.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <style>
        tr td{ border:1px solid #000;text-align:center;}
    </style>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<div>
    <table>
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>ID</th>
                <th>姓名</th>
                <th>年齡</th>
                <th>性別</th>
                <th>班級</th>
                <th>操作</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            {% for row in stu_list %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ row.id }}</td>
                <td>{{ row.username }}</td>
                <td>{{ row.age }}</td>
                <td>{{ row.gender }}</td>
                <td>{{ row.cs.title }}</td>
                <td><a href="/del_students.html?nid={{ row.id }}">刪除</a>
                    |<a href="/edit_students.html?nid={{ row.id }}">編輯</a>
                </td>
            </tr>
            {% endfor %}
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>

<div><a href="/add_students.html">添加</a> </div>
</body>
</html>

add_students

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>添加用戶</h1>
<form method="post" action="/add_students.html">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <p><input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用戶名"></p>
    <p><input type="text" name="age" placeholder="年齡"></p>
    <p>
        男<input type="radio" name="gender" value="1">
        女<input type="radio" name="gender" value="0">
    </p>
    <p>
        <select name="cs">
            {% for row in cs_list %}
            <option value="{{ row.id }}">{{ row.title }}</option>
            {% endfor %}
        </select>
    </p>
    <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

edit_students.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>編輯用戶</h1>
<form method="post" action="/edit_students.html">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <input type="hidden"  name="nid" value="{{ obj.id }}">
    <p><input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用戶名"></p>
    <p><input type="text" name="age" placeholder="年齡"></p>
    <p>
        男<input type="radio" name="gender" value="1">
        女<input type="radio" name="gender" value="0">
    </p>
    <p>
        <select name="cs">
            {% for row in cs_list %}
            <option value="{{ row.id }}">{{ row.title }}</option>
            {% endfor %}
        </select>
    </p>
    <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

7.學員管理系統之給班級分配老師：

在teachers數據表中增加一些老師信息：

　　在pycharm右上角的Database打開面板，然後將template目錄下邊的db.splte3鼠標拖入到Database面板中，打開db==》app01_teachers表

　　點擊“+”，然後填入老師信息，然後點擊有“DB”標誌的向上箭頭，進行數據保存。

1.在classes.py中增加set_teachers函數

def set_teachers(request):
    if request.method==‘GET‘:
        nid=request.GET.get(‘nid‘,‘‘)
        cls_obj=models.Classes.objects.get(id=nid)
        cls_teacher_list=cls_obj.a.all()
        all_teacher_list=models.Teachers.objects.all()
        return render(request,‘set_teachers.html‘,{
            ‘cls_teacher_list‘:cls_teacher_list,
            ‘all_teacher_list‘:all_teacher_list,
            ‘nid‘:nid,
        })
    elif request.method==‘POST‘:
        nid = request.POST.get(‘nid‘, ‘‘)
        ids_str=request.POST.getlist(‘teacher_id‘,‘‘)
        ids_int=[]
        for i in ids_str:
            i=int(i)
            ids_int.append(i)
        obj=models.Classes.objects.get(id=nid)
        obj.a.set(ids_int)
        return redirect(‘/classes.html‘)

2.在urls.py 中配置url路由：　

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from app01.views import classes,students,teachers

urlpatterns = [
    path(‘admin/‘, admin.site.urls),

    path(‘classes.html‘, classes.get_classes),
    path(‘add_classes.html‘, classes.add_classes),
    path(‘del_classes.html‘, classes.del_classes),
    path(‘edit_classes.html‘, classes.edit_classes),

    path(‘students.html‘, students.get_students),
    path(‘add_students.html‘, students.add_students),
    path(‘del_students.html‘, students.del_students),
    path(‘edit_students.html‘, students.edit_students),

    path(‘set_teachers.html‘, classes.set_teachers),
]

3.在template目錄下建立所需的html頁面文件：

set_teachers.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/set_teachers.html" method="post">
    <input type="hidden" name="nid" value="{{ nid }}">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <select multiple size="10" name="teacher_id">

        {% for item in all_teacher_list %}
            {% if item in cls_teacher_list %}
            <option value="{{ item.id }}" selected="selected">{{ item.name }}</option>
            {% else %}
            <option value="{{ item.id }}">{{ item.name }}</option>
            {% endif %}
        {% endfor %}
    </select>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

對get_classes.html進行增添修改為：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<div>
    <table border="1">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>ID</th> <th>名稱</th> <th>任課老師</th> <th>操作</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            {% for row in cls_list %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ row.id }}</td>
                <td>{{ row.title }}</td>
                <td>
                    {% for item in row.a.all %}
                        <span>{{ item.name }}</span>
                        {% endfor %}
                </td>
                <td><a href="/del_classes.html?nid={{ row.id }}">刪除</a>
                    |<a href="/edit_classes.html?nid={{ row.id }}">編輯</a>
                    |<a href="/set_teachers.html?nid={{ row.id }}">分配老師</a>
                </td>
            </tr>
            {% endfor %}
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>

<div><a href="/add_classes.html">添加</a> </div>
</body>
</html>

8.初識Ajax

Ajax是異步傳輸方式，偷偷的向後臺發請求，不引起頁面刷新，下面通過一個小例子來認識Ajax這種數據傳輸方式。

首先下載jQuery導入項目下的static目錄下

1.在app01/Views目錄下新建ajax.py

from django.shortcuts import render,redirect,HttpResponse


def ajax1(request):
    return render(request,‘ajax1.html‘)


def ajax2(request):
    u=request.GET.get(‘username‘)
    p=request.GET.get(‘password‘)
    return HttpResponse(‘我願意‘)

2.在urls.py中配置相關路由

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from app01.views import classes,students,teachers,ajax

urlpatterns = [
    path(‘admin/‘, admin.site.urls),

    path(‘classes.html‘, classes.get_classes),
    path(‘add_classes.html‘, classes.add_classes),
    path(‘del_classes.html‘, classes.del_classes),
    path(‘edit_classes.html‘, classes.edit_classes),

    path(‘students.html‘, students.get_students),
    path(‘add_students.html‘, students.add_students),
    path(‘del_students.html‘, students.del_students),
    path(‘edit_students.html‘, students.edit_students),

    path(‘set_teachers.html‘, classes.set_teachers),

    path(‘ajax1.html‘, ajax.ajax1),
    path(‘ajax2.html‘, ajax.ajax2),
]

3.在template目錄下新建ajax1.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <style>
        .btn{
            display: inline-block;
            padding: 5px 15px;
            background-color: coral;
            color: white;
            cursor: pointer;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
    <input placeholder="用戶名" type="text" id="username">
    <input placeholder="密碼" type="password" id="password">
    <div class="btn" onclick="submitForm();">提交</div>
</div>
<script src="/static/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
    function submitForm() {
        var u=$(‘#username‘).val();
        var p=$(‘#password‘).val();
        $.ajax({
            url:‘ajax2.html‘,
            type:‘GET‘,
            data:{username:u,password:p},
            success:function (arg) {
                //回調函數 arg是服務器返回的字符串
                console.log(arg)
            }

        })

    }
</script>
</body>


</html>

9.學員管理系統之Ajax刪除學員：

1.在ajax.py中增加ajax4函數

from app01 import models


def ajax4(request):
    nid=request.GET.get(‘nid‘)
    msg=‘成功‘
    try:
        models.Students.objects.get(id=nid).delete()
    except Exception as e:
        msg=str(e)
    return HttpResponse(msg)

2.在urls.py中配置相關路由

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from app01.views import classes,students,teachers,ajax

urlpatterns = [
    path(‘admin/‘, admin.site.urls),

    path(‘classes.html‘, classes.get_classes),
    path(‘add_classes.html‘, classes.add_classes),
    path(‘del_classes.html‘, classes.del_classes),
    path(‘edit_classes.html‘, classes.edit_classes),

    path(‘students.html‘, students.get_students),
    path(‘add_students.html‘, students.add_students),
    path(‘del_students.html‘, students.del_students),
    path(‘edit_students.html‘, students.edit_students),

    path(‘set_teachers.html‘, classes.set_teachers),

    path(‘ajax1.html‘, ajax.ajax1),
    path(‘ajax2.html‘, ajax.ajax2),
    path(‘ajax4.html‘, ajax.ajax4),
]

3.對get_students.html進行添加修改：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<div>
    <table border="1">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>ID</th>
                <th>姓名</th>
                <th>年齡</th>
                <th>性別</th>
                <th>班級</th>
                <th>操作</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            {% for row in stu_list %}
            <tr nid="{{ row.id }}">
                <td>{{ row.id }}</td>
                <td>{{ row.username }}</td>
                <td>{{ row.age }}</td>
                <td>{{ row.gender }}</td>
                <td>{{ row.cs.title }}</td>
                <td><a href="/del_students.html?nid={{ row.id }}">刪除</a>
                    |<a onclick="removeStudent(this);" href="#">Ajax刪除</a>
                    |<a href="/edit_students.html?nid={{ row.id }}">編輯</a>
                </td>
            </tr>
            {% endfor %}
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>

<div><a href="/add_students.html">添加</a> </div>
</body>
<script src="/static/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
    function removeStudent(ths) {
        var nid=$(ths).parent().parent().attr(‘nid‘);
        $.ajax({
            url:‘/ajax4.html‘,
            type:‘GET‘,
            data:{nid:nid},
            success:function (arg) {
                if (arg==‘成功‘){
                    window.location.reload();
                }else{
                    alert(arg);
                }
            }
        })
    }
</script>
</html>

python3.6+django2.0 一小時學會開發一套學員管理系統demo

lean pycharm 成了 ... ati etl $.ajax size static 1.在pycharm中新建project demo1 添加app01 點擊create按鈕完成新建 2.在demo項目目錄下新建目錄static，並在settings.py中追加代

python3.6+django2.0 一小時學會開發一套學員管理系統demo

1.在pycharm中新建project demo1 添加app01 點擊create按鈕完成新建

2.在demo項目目錄下新建目錄static，並在settings.py中追加代碼：

3.在setting.py中添加模板路徑：

4.學員管理系統數據庫設計：

5.學員管理系統之班級管理：

1.在classes.py 中寫 get_classes add_classes del_classes edit_classes四個函數，完成對 班級數據 的增刪改查：

2.在urls.py 中配置url路由：

3.在template目錄下建立所需的html頁面文件：

6.學員管理系統之學員管理：

1.在students.py 中寫 get_students add_students del_students edit_students 四個函數，完成對 學生數據 的增刪改查：

2.在urls.py 中配置url路由：

3.在template目錄下建立所需的html頁面文件：

7.學員管理系統之給班級分配老師：

1.在classes.py中增加set_teachers函數

2.在urls.py 中配置url路由：

3.在template目錄下建立所需的html頁面文件：

8.初識Ajax

1.在app01/Views目錄下新建ajax.py

2.在urls.py中配置相關路由

9.學員管理系統之Ajax刪除學員：

1.在ajax.py中增加ajax4函數

2.在urls.py中配置相關路由

相關推薦

1.在classes.py 中寫 get_classes add_classes del_classes edit_classes四個函數，完成對班級數據的增刪改查：

2.在urls.py 中配置url路由：　　

1.在students.py 中寫 get_students add_students del_students edit_students 四個函數，完成對學生數據的增刪改查：

2.在urls.py 中配置url路由：　

2.在urls.py 中配置url路由：　