mongodb CRUD操作
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-04-15
monogodb CRUD # ./mongod
2018-04-15T18:52:36.352+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=36578 port=27017 dbpath=/data/db 64-bit host=IBG-opensource-DB-cwT13
2018-04-15T18:52:36.352+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] db version v3.6.2
2018-04-15T18:52:36.352+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] git version: 489d177dbd0f0420a8ca04d39fd78d0a2c539420
2018-04-15T18:52:36.352+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
2018-04-15T18:52:36.352+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] allocator: tcmalloc
2018-04-15T18:52:36.352+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] modules: none
2018-04-15T18:52:36.352+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] build environment:
2018-04-15T18:52:36.352+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] distmod: rhel70
2018-04-15T18:52:36.352+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] distarch: x86_64
2018-04-15T18:52:36.352+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] target_arch: x86_64
2018-04-15T18:52:36.352+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] options: {}
2018-04-15T18:52:36.354+0800 I - [initandlisten] Detected data files in /data/db created by the 'wiredTiger' storage engine, so setting the active storage engine to 'wiredTiger'.
2018-04-15T18:52:36.354+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] wiredtiger_open config: create,cache_size=7423M,session_max=20000,eviction=(threads_min=4,threads_max=4),config_base=false,statistics=(fast),log=(enabled=true,archive=true,path=journal,compressor=snappy),file_manager=(close_idle_time=100000),statistics_log=(wait=0),verbose=(recovery_progress),
2018-04-15T18:52:36.512+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] WiredTiger message [1523789556:512963][36578:0x7f6aac8c2b00], txn-recover: Main recovery loop: starting at 2/35072
2018-04-15T18:52:36.615+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] WiredTiger message [1523789556:615462][36578:0x7f6aac8c2b00], txn-recover: Recovering log 2 through 3
2018-04-15T18:52:36.676+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] WiredTiger message [1523789556:676715][36578:0x7f6aac8c2b00], txn-recover: Recovering log 3 through 3
2018-04-15T18:52:36.740+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-04-15T18:52:36.740+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Access control is not enabled for the database.
2018-04-15T18:52:36.740+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted.
2018-04-15T18:52:36.740+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2018-04-15T18:52:36.740+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-04-15T18:52:36.740+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: This server is bound to localhost.
2018-04-15T18:52:36.740+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** Remote systems will be unable to connect to this server.
2018-04-15T18:52:36.740+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** Start the server with --bind_ip <address> to specify which IP
2018-04-15T18:52:36.740+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** addresses it should serve responses from, or with --bind_ip_all to
2018-04-15T18:52:36.740+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** bind to all interfaces. If this behavior is desired, start the
2018-04-15T18:52:36.740+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** server with --bind_ip 127.0.0.1 to disable this warning.
2018-04-15T18:52:36.740+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-04-15T18:52:36.741+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-04-15T18:52:36.741+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.
2018-04-15T18:52:36.741+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2018-04-15T18:52:36.741+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-04-15T18:52:36.741+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: soft rlimits too low. rlimits set to 65535 processes, 655350 files. Number of processes should be at least 327675 : 0.5 times number of files.
2018-04-15T18:52:36.741+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-04-15T18:52:36.755+0800 I FTDC [initandlisten] Initializing full-time diagnostic data capture with directory '/data/db/diagnostic.data'
2018-04-15T18:52:36.756+0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017# ./mongo
MongoDB shell version v3.6.2 connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017 MongoDB server version: 3.6.2 Server has startup warnings: 2018-04-15T11:01:19.795+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2018-04-15T11:01:19.795+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Access control is not enabled for the database. 2018-04-15T11:01:19.795+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted. 2018-04-15T11:01:19.795+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended. 2018-04-15T11:01:19.795+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2018-04-15T11:01:19.795+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: This server is bound to localhost. 2018-04-15T11:01:19.795+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** Remote systems will be unable to connect to this server. 2018-04-15T11:01:19.795+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** Start the server with --bind_ip <address> to specify which IP 2018-04-15T11:01:19.795+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** addresses it should serve responses from, or with --bind_ip_all to 2018-04-15T11:01:19.795+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** bind to all interfaces. If this behavior is desired, start the 2018-04-15T11:01:19.795+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** server with --bind_ip 127.0.0.1 to disable this warning. 2018-04-15T11:01:19.795+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2018-04-15T11:01:19.796+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2018-04-15T11:01:19.796+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'. 2018-04-15T11:01:19.796+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never' 2018-04-15T11:01:19.796+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2018-04-15T11:01:19.796+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: soft rlimits too low. rlimits set to 65535 processes, 655350 files. Number of processes should be at least 327675 : 0.5 times number of files. 2018-04-15T11:01:19.796+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/method/db.collection.insert/
一、插入文檔
插入行為,，如果集合不存在，則創建
Collection Creation：
If the collection does not currently exist, insert operations will create the collection.
方法：
insertOne
db.collection.insertOne(
<document>,
{
writeConcern: <document> //Optional. A document expressing the write concern. Omit to use the default write concern.
}
)註意：
集合不存在該操作會創建集合。
該操作不支持 db.collection.explain() 查詢計劃 可以使用insert 代替。
_id Field：
If the document does not specify an _id field, MongoDB adds the _id field with an ObjectId value to the new document.
ObjectId值由12個字節組成，其中前四個字節是反映ObjectId創建的時間戳，具體為：
a 4-byte value representing the seconds since the Unix epoch,
a 3-byte machine identifier,
a 2-byte process id, and
a 3-byte counter, starting with a random value.
> db.products.insertOne( { item: "card", qty: 15 } );
{
"acknowledged" : true, 返回值
"insertedId" : ObjectId("5ad2c1572c23d0642cd35b48")
}
> db.products.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ad2c1572c23d0642cd35b48"), "item" : "card", "qty" : 15 }
> db.products.insertOne(
{ "item": "envelopes", "qty": 100, type: "Self-Sealing" },
{ writeConcern: { w : "majority", wtimeout : 100 } } //w:majority，表示>1/2的節點有數據
)
{
"acknowledged" : true,
"insertedId" : ObjectId("5ad2cecd2c23d0642cd35b4c")
}
insertMany
db.collection.insertMany(
{ [ <document 1> , <document 2>, ... ] },//An array of documents to insert into the collection. 註意是數組
{
writeConcern: <document>,
ordered: <boolean> //Optional. A boolean specifying whether the mongod instance should perform an ordered or unordered insert. Defaults to true. 默認式按照順序添加的 順序添加的速度要慢於不按順序添加的
}
)註意：
每一組操作最大可以有1000個文檔。
順序添加的速度要慢於不按順序添加的。
不存在的集合會自動創建。
insertMany() 也不支持db.collection.explain() 可以使用insert 代替。
如果添加出錯會報出 BulkWriteError exception 異常，按照順序添加的 操作遇到錯誤會直接停止，而不按照順序的會繼續執行在隊列中的寫操作。
> db.products.insertMany( [
{ item: "card", qty: 15 },
{ item: "envelope", qty: 20 },
{ item: "stamps" , qty: 30 }
] , { w: "majority", wtimeout: 100 }
);
{
"acknowledged" : true,
"insertedIds" : [
ObjectId("5ad2c2332c23d0642cd35b49"),
ObjectId("5ad2c2332c23d0642cd35b4a"),
ObjectId("5ad2c2332c23d0642cd35b4b")
]
}insert
db.collection.insert( #同時又insertOne 和insertMany的功能
<document or array of documents>, //數組或者文檔都可以添加
{
writeConcern: <document>,
ordered: <boolean> //跟insertMany()操作作用一致
}
)db.products.insert( [
{ item: "card", qty: 15 },
{ item: "envelope", qty: 20 },
{ item: "stamps" , qty: 30 }
] , { w: "majority", wtimeout: 100 }
);
db.products.insert( { item: "card", qty: 40 } );
Additional Methods for Inserts
when used with the upsert: true option：以下方法當沒有查詢條件匹配時創建新文檔，默認是false。
db.collection.update() db.collection.updateOne() db.collection.updateMany() db.collection.findAndModify() db.collection.findOneAndUpdate() db.collection.findOneAndReplace() db.collection.save() db.collection.bulkWrite()
mongodb CRUD操作