Django示例之--圖書管理操作
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-04-22
書籍管理系統 Django示例：實現對圖書的添加，刪除，修改操作
models.py文件內容：
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Book(models.Model):
title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
price=models.DecimalField(max_digits=6,decimal_places=2)
create_time=models.DateField()
memo=models.CharField(max_length=32,default="")
publish=models.ForeignKey(to="Publish",default=1) #定義一對多關系，會在book表添加publish_id字段
author=models.ManyToManyField("Author") #定義多對多關系，會專門生成一張book和author的關系表
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Publish(models.Model):
name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
email=models.CharField(max_length=32)
class Author(models.Model):
name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
def __str__(self):return self.nameurls.py文件內容：
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^books/', views.books, ),
url(r'^addbook/', views.addbook, ),
url(r'^edit/(\d+)', views.editbook, ), #編輯時，需要傳入編輯的書的id號
url(r'^del/(\d+)', views.delbook, ), #刪除時，需要傳入刪除的書的id號
]views.py文件內容：
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from .models import *
def books(reqeust):
book_list=Book.objects.all()
return render(reqeust,"books.html",locals())
def addbook(request):
if request.method=="POST":
title=request.POST.get("title")
price=request.POST.get("price")
date=request.POST.get("date")
memo = request.POST.get("memo")
publish_id=request.POST.get("publish_id")
author_id_list=request.POST.getlist("author_id_list")
print("author_id_list",author_id_list)
# 綁定書籍與出版社的一對多的關系
obj=Book.objects.create(title=title,price=price,create_time=date,memo=memo,publish_id=publish_id)
# 綁定書籍與作者的多對多的關系
obj.author.add(*author_id_list)
return redirect("/books/")
else:
publish_list=Publish.objects.all() #得到所有出版社對象的集合
author_list=Author.objects.all() #得到所有作者對象的集合
return render(request,"addbook.html",locals())
def editbook(request,id):
if request.method == "POST":
title=request.POST.get("title")
price=request.POST.get("price")
date=request.POST.get("date")
memo = request.POST.get("memo")
publish_id=request.POST.get("publish_id")
author_id_list=request.POST.getlist("author_id_list")
Book.objects.filter(id=id).update(title=title,price=price,create_time=date,memo=memo,publish_id=publish_id)
obj =Book.objects.filter(id=id).first()
print(author_id_list)
# obj.author.clear()
# obj.author.add(*author_id_list)
obj.author.set(author_id_list) #這一句和上面兩句註釋的實現效果相同，都是對編輯的書的作者重新綁定
return redirect("/books/") #修改後的數據post後，跳轉到books頁面展示
edit_book=Book.objects.filter(id=id).first()
publish_list = Publish.objects.all()
author_list=Author.objects.all() #<QuerySet [<Author: song>, <Author: wang>, <Author: li>, <Author: zhang>]>
author_obj=edit_book.author.all() #<QuerySet [<Author: zhang>, <Author: wang>]>
author_selected_list=[author for author in author_list if author in author_obj] # [<Author: wang>, <Author: zhang>]
return render(request,"editbook.html",locals())
def delbook(request,id):
Book.objects.filter(id=id).delete()
return redirect("/books/")books.html展示書籍的頁面內容：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>書籍信息</title>
<style>
.container{
margin-top: 100px;
}
</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css">
</head>
<body>
<div>
<div>
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<a href="/addbook/"><button class="btn btn-primary">添加數據</button></a>
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>序號</th>
<th>書名</th>
<th>價格</th>
<th>出版時間</th>
<th>備註</th>
<th>出版社</th>
<th>作者</th>
<th>操作</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for book in book_list %}
<tr>
<td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
<td>{{ book.title }}</td>
<td>{{ book.price }}</td>
<td>{{ book.create_time|date:"Y-m-d" }}</td>
<td>{{ book.memo }}</td>
<td>{{ book.publish.name }}</td>
<td>
{% for author in book.author.all %}
{{ author.name }}
{% if not forloop.last %} {#實現對最後一個作者的名字後面不加逗號#}
,
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</td>
<td>
<a href="/edit/{{ book.pk }}">編輯</a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="/edit/{{ book.pk }}">刪除</a>
</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
addbook.html添加書籍的頁面內容：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>添加書籍</title>
<style>
.container{
margin-top: 100px;
}
</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css">
</head>
<body>
<div>
<div>
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<form action="/addbook/" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<p>書籍名稱 <input type="text" name="title"></p>
<p>書籍價格 <input type="text" name="price"></p>
<p>出版日期 <input type="date" name="date"></p>
<p>備註 <input type="text" name="memo"></p>
<p>出版社 <select name="publish_id" id="">
{% for publish in publish_list %}
<option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>
{% endfor %}
</select>
</p>
<p>作者 <select name="author_id_list" id="" multiple>
{% for author in author_list %}
<option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>
{% endfor %}
</select>
</p>
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-default">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
editbook.html編輯書籍的頁面內容：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>編輯書籍</title>
<style>
.container{
margin-top: 100px;
}
</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css">
</head>
<body>
<div>
<div>
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<form action="/edit/{{ id }}" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<p>書籍名稱 <input type="text" name="title" value="{{ edit_book.title }}"></p>
<p>書籍價格 <input type="text" name="price" value="{{ edit_book.price }}"></p>
<p>出版日期 <input type="date" name="date" value="{{ edit_book.create_time| date:'Y-m-d' }}"></p>
<p>備註 <input type="text" name="memo" value="{{ edit_book.memo }}"> </p>
<p>出版社 <select name="publish_id" id="">
{% for publish in publish_list %}
{% if publish == edit_book.publish %} {#publish對象和編輯的edit_book.publish對象一樣，表示被選中#}
<option selected value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>
{% else%}
<option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</select>
</p>
<p>作者 <select type="checkbox" name="author_id_list" id="" multiple>
{% for author in author_list%}
{% if author in author_selected_list%} {# 判斷作者是否在被選中的作者列表裏#}
<option value="{{ author.pk }}" selected="selected">{{ author.name }}</option>
{% else %}
<option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</select>
</p>
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-default">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Django示例之--圖書管理操作