實驗需要的安裝包：
    cobbler（linux安裝服務器）     
    cobbler-web（前端界面管理  可以通過網頁形式進行管理）   dhcp（自動分配IP）  
    tftp-server （文件傳輸協議    用於放壓縮內核和引導文件）
    pykickstart（用於閱讀和編寫kickstart文件）  
     rsync（數據鏡像備份工具，遠程同步管理和支持本地復制）  
    xinetd（網絡守護進程服務程序   用於管理rsync 和 tftp）
    httpd  （這裏用於檢查cobbler文件安裝 和web管理）
 

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實驗的系統環境
 虛擬機：centos7系統  （網卡選用NET模式   選定dhcp     可以實現訪問網絡）
 # vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33  //編輯網卡
        ONBOOT=yes   (修改成yes)
    # systemctl restart network.service  //重啟網絡服務

    # mount.cifs //192.168.198.128/gx /opt/   //掛載共享文件到/opt
    # rpm -ivh /opt/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm  //安裝epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
    # mount /dev/sr0 /mnt  //掛載cdrom
    # yum list   //加載yum  （直接下載安裝包）
 

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1：安裝  配置cobber
# yum install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp tftp-server pykickstart httpd rsync xinetd -y
//安裝cobbler cobbler-web dhcp tftp-server pykickstart httpd rsync xinetd
#vim /etc/cobbler/settings  //編輯cobbler主配置文件
    next_server: 192.168.235.129          //指定PXE位置
    server: 192.168.235.129
    manage_dhcp: 1                 //管理dhcp啟動
 

2：重啟服務關閉防火墻
    # systemctl restart httpd.service        //重啟httpd服務
    # systemctl start cobblerd.service     //開啟cobbler服務
    # systemctl stop firewalld.service      //關閉防火墻
    # setenforce 0                          //關閉增強安全功能
    # cobbler check    //cobble 檢測
------------------------提示內容：需要優化-------------------------- 
1 : The ‘server‘ field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than 
localhost, or kickstarting features will not work.  This should be a resolvable 
hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it.
2 : For PXE to be functional, the ‘next_server‘ field in /etc/cobbler/settings must 
be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server 
on the PXE network.
3 : SELinux is enabled. Please review the following wiki page for details on ensuring 
cobbler works correctly in your SELinux environment:
        https://github.com/cobbler/cobbler/wiki/Selinux
4 : change ‘disable‘ to ‘no‘ in /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
5 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl
6 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian 
deployments and repositories
7 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines 
(default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to ‘cobbler‘ and 
should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘random-phrase-here‘ ‘your-
password-here‘" to generate new one
8 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power 
management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them
Restart cobblerd and then run ‘cobbler sync‘ to apply changes.

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    3：設置裝機後的根密碼
     # openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘123456‘ ‘123456‘    //給密碼123456 鹽值加密
     $1$123456$wOSEtcyiP2N/IfIl15W6Z0   （復制生成的密碼的加密代碼）
     # vim /etc/cobbler/settings       //修改配置文件
     default_password_crypted: " $1$123456$wOSEtcyiP2N/IfIl15W6Z0 ."    //粘貼上面復制代碼

     4：下載引導操作系統文件、 啟動rsncd服務 、編輯tftp 
         # cobbler get-loaders                //下載引導操作系統文件
         # systemctl start rsyncd.service      //啟動服務
         #  vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp          //編輯tftp
                 disable   = no     //啟用
         # systemctl restart xinetd.service      //重啟服務

         5：配置dhcp
         # vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template       //cobbler控制的dhcp服務模板
                 subnet 192.168.198.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
                 option routers             192.168.198.1;     //修改網關
                 option domain-name-servers 192.168.198.2;     //修改DNS
                 option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;
                 range dynamic-bootp        192.168.198.100 192.168.198.200;   //修改地址池
            # cobbler sync       //幫助同步生成DHCP配置文件
            # systemctl restart dhcpd.service    //啟動dhcpd服務

        6：使用cobbler check再次檢查
         # cobbler check //cobble 檢測
         下面三條可以忽略不去處理

            7：導入鏡像
            # cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=CentOS-7-x86_64 --arch=x86_64  //導入iso鏡像
            # cobbler list     //查看導入結果
            # cobbler distro list   //查看發行版本
            # yum install tree -y //安裝tree
            # tree /var/lib/tftpboot/images   //查看內核和初始化文件在tftp server 共享目錄

            8：服務全重啟一遍
                    # systemctl restart cobblerd.service
                    # systemctl restart dhcpd.service
                    # systemctl restart xinetd.service
                    # systemctl restart httpd.service
                    # cobbler profile report         //查看cobbler概要報告      

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            9:新建虛擬機測試安裝
            選擇稍後安裝
            虛擬機為centos 64位       
            網絡選擇和服務器一樣的NAT網卡 
            內存2G   硬盤40G
            然後開啟虛擬機 進入安裝

        10：選擇Centos-7-x86_64  進入自動安裝    
         安裝完成

        11：進入web管理cobbler
        # htdigest -c /etc/cobbler/users.digest Cobbler cbadmin
        //創建Cobbler類型的用戶cbadmin  寫到users.digest文件中
        輸入兩次確認密碼 例如：123456

        # systemctl restart cobblerd.service   //重啟cobbler  服務
        # systemctl restart httpd.service        //重啟 httpd 服務

        在宿主機瀏覽器打開 https://192.168.198.128/cobbler_web
        輸入 賬戶為 cbadmin  密碼為 123456

     12：通過pam認證 進入web管理cobbler
         # vim /etc/cobbler/modules.conf 
            [authentication]
            module = authn_pam    //修改pam認證
            [authorization]
            module = authz_ownership    //在users.conf指定訪問權限

useradd webuser //創建用戶webuser

            # passwd webuser   //設置密碼123456

            # vim /etc/cobbler/users.conf //編輯user.conf
            [admins]
            admin = ""
            cobbler = ""
            webuser = ""     //添加該行

systemctl restart cobblerd.service //重啟cobbler 服務

            # systemctl restart httpd.service        //重啟 httpd 服務

         在宿主機瀏覽器打開 https://192.168.198.128/cobbler_web
        輸入 賬戶為 webuser  密碼為 123456

在CentOS7中 部署cobbler自動裝機