多實例:MySQL系列之二
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-06-05
所在 之間 file pri 指定 lar mysql mysqld amp
MySQL的多實例配置
? 在一臺物理機中需要多個測試環境,那麽就需要用到了搭建數據庫的多個實例,多個實例的意思就是運行多份程序,實例與實例之間沒有影響。要註意監聽的端口需要不同。
環境:CentOS7.5,編譯安裝MariaDB-10.2.15版本,軟件安裝目錄:
/app/mysql/
? 1)創建運行的目錄環境
[root@centos7 ~]# mkdir -p /mysqldb/{3306,3307,3308}/{etc,socket,pid,log,data,bin}
[root@centos7 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mysqldb/
? 2)初始化數據庫
[root@centos7 ~]# cd /app/mysql/ [root@centos7 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/mysqldb/3306/data/ --user=mysql --basedir=/app/mysql/ [root@centos7 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/mysqldb/3307/data/ --user=mysql --basedir=/app/mysql/ [root@centos7 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/mysqldb/3308/data/ --user=mysql --basedir=/app/mysql/
以上是編譯安裝的,安裝目錄為/app/mysql/,需要先進入軟件的安裝目錄然後執行初始化腳本,如果是yum安裝的包,則直接運行
mysql_install_db
命令即可
? 3)提供配置文件並按需要修改
[root@centos7 mysql]# cp support-files/my-huge.cnf /mysqldb/3306/etc/my.cnf [root@centos7 mysql]# cp support-files/my-huge.cnf /mysqldb/3307/etc/my.cnf [root@centos7 mysql]# cp support-files/my-huge.cnf /mysqldb/3308/etc/my.cnf
[root@centos7 mysqldb]# cd /mysqldb/
[root@centos7 mysqldb]# vim 3306/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
port = 3306
datadir = /mysqldb/3306/data
socket = /mysqldb/3306/socket/mysql.sock
[root@centos7 mysqldb]# vim 3307/etc/my.cnf #按以上配置示例更改
[root@centos7 mysqldb]# vim 3308/etc/my.cnf
? 4)提供服務啟動腳本
[root@centos7 ~]# cat mysqld #腳本示例
#!/bin/bash
port=3306 #需要修改為當前實例的端口號
mysql_user="root"
mysql_pwd=""
cmd_path="/app/mysql/bin" #安裝目錄下的bin
mysql_basedir="/mysqldb" #實例數據庫文件所在目錄
mysql_sock="${mysql_basedir}/${port}/socket/mysql.sock"
function_start_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
${cmd_path}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=${mysql_basedir}/${port}/etc/my.cnf &> /dev/null &
else
printf "MySQL is running...\n"
exit
fi
}
function_stop_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"
exit
else
printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
${cmd_path}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S ${mysql_sock} shutdown
fi
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
sleep 2
function_start_mysql
}
case $1 in
start)
function_start_mysql
;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql
;;
restart)
function_restart_mysql
;;
*)
printf "Usage: ${mysql_basedir}/${port}/bin/mysqld {start|stop|restart}\n"
esac
[root@centos7 ~]# cp mysqld /mysqldb/3306/bin/
[root@centos7 ~]# cp mysqld /mysqldb/3307/bin/
[root@centos7 ~]# cp mysqld /mysqldb/3308/bin/
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /mysqldb/3306/bin/mysqld
port=3306
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /mysqldb/3307/bin/mysqld
port=3307
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /mysqldb/3308/bin/mysqld
port=3308
? 5)修改腳本文件權限,防止密碼被別人看到
[root@centos7 ~]# chmod 700 /mysqldb/3306/bin/mysqld
[root@centos7 ~]# chmod 700 /mysqldb/3307/bin/mysqld
[root@centos7 ~]# chmod 700 /mysqldb/3308/bin/mysqld
? 6)啟動服務
[root@centos7 ~]# service mysqld stop #保證自己原來的服務停止,釋放3306端口
[root@centos7 ~]# /mysqldb/3306/bin/mysqld start #啟動服務
[root@centos7 ~]# /mysqldb/3307/bin/mysqld start
[root@centos7 ~]# /mysqldb/3308/bin/mysqld start
[root@centos7 ~]# ss -tnl #如果看到三個實例監聽的端口都打開後說明服務啟動正常
LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::*
LISTEN 0 80 :::3307 :::*
LISTEN 0 80 :::3308 :::*
? 7)連接測試
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -S /mysqldb/3306/socket/mysql.sock #使用-S指定套接字文件
Server version: 10.2.15-MariaDB-log Source distribution
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%port'; #查看端口是否是3306
+---------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------+-------+
| extra_port | 0 |
| large_files_support | ON |
| port | 3306 |
| report_port | 3306 |
+---------------------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -S /mysqldb/3307/socket/mysql.sock #再連接測試一下3307和3308
Server version: 10.2.15-MariaDB-log Source distribution
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%port';
+---------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------+-------+
| extra_port | 0 |
| large_files_support | ON |
| port | 3307 |
| report_port | 3307 |
+---------------------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -S /mysqldb/3308/socket/mysql.sock
Server version: 10.2.15-MariaDB-log Source distribution
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%port';
+---------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------+-------+
| extra_port | 0 |
| large_files_support | ON |
| port | 3308 |
| report_port | 3308 |
+---------------------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
多實例搭建成功!
? 8)使用這條命令來停止實例
[root@centos7 ~]# /mysqldb/3306/bin/mysqld stop
? 9)最後一步:給root用戶加個密碼把~
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -S /mysqldb/3307/socket/mysql.sock
Server version: 10.2.15-MariaDB-log Source distribution
MariaDB [(none)]> update mysql.user set password=PASSWORD("your_password") where user='root';
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *9E72259BA9214F692A85B240647C4D95B0F2E08B |
| root | centos7 | *9E72259BA9214F692A85B240647C4D95B0F2E08B |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *9E72259BA9214F692A85B240647C4D95B0F2E08B |
| root | ::1 | *9E72259BA9214F692A85B240647C4D95B0F2E08B |
| | localhost | |
| | centos7 | |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -S /mysqldb/3307/socket/mysql.sock -uroot -p'your_password' #指定密碼,再次登錄OK~
最後將你的密碼加入
bin/mysqld
腳本文件中,防止服務無法啟動
@^_^@ 2018.06.04 23:27
多實例:MySQL系列之二