十五周四次課
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-07-04
fec listen package face 監控 china 慢慢 default 說明 19.1 Linux監控平臺介紹
監控存在的原因
站點出了問題，沒有人知道，等用戶發現了，才提醒供應商；對公司影響很大
常見開源監控軟件
cacti、nagios、zabbix、smokeping、open-falcon等等 //主流 nagios、zabbix
cacti、smokeping偏向於基礎監控，成圖非常漂亮 //比較適合監控網絡設備
cacti、nagios、zabbix服務端監控中心，需要php環境支持，其中zabbix和cacti都需要mysql作為數據存儲，nagios不用存儲歷史數據，註重服務或者監控項的狀態，zabbix會獲取服務或者監控項目的數據，會把數據記錄到數據庫裏，從而可以成圖；
因為zabbix配置簡單，優勢明顯，早起使用nagios的企業，慢慢的轉向使用zabbix
nagios，需要更改配置文件，並不支持web界面一鍵執行，nagios和zabbix相比，nagios 更註重的是某一個監控的狀態，不關註歷史；zabbix，則是把每一次監控的數值反饋出來，方便後期數據圖去分析監控整個狀態；nagios不支持mysql，需要安裝插件以後才支持web界面；zabbix 支持mysql，可以成圖，可以記錄歷史數據
zabbix 在web界面下管理得非常徹底，可以增加監控節點，報警預知等等
open-falcon為小米公司開發，開源後受到諸多大公司和運維工程師的追捧，適合大企業，滴滴、360、新浪微博、京東等大公司在使用這款監控軟件，監控的思想和結構值得研究
後續以介紹zabbix為主
19.2 zabbix監控介紹
C/S架構，基於C++開發，監控中心支持web界面配置和管理
單server節點可以支持上萬臺客戶端
最新版本3.4，官方文檔https://www.zabbix.com/manuals
5個組件
zabbix-server 監控中心，接收客戶端上報信息，負責配置、統計、操作數據
數據存儲 存放數據，比如mysql
web界面 也叫web UI，在web界面下操作配置是zabbix簡單易用的主要原因
zabbix-proxy 可選組件，它可以代替zabbix-server的功能，減輕server的壓力
zabbix-agent 客戶端軟件，負責采集各個監控服務或項目的數據，並上報
最新版本3.4，官方文檔https://www.zabbix.com/manuals 5個組件 zabbix-server 監控中心，接收客戶端上報信息，負責配置、統計、操作數據 數據存儲 存放數據，比如mysql
web界面 也叫web UI，在web界面下操作配置是zabbix簡單易用的主要原因 zabbix-proxy 可選組件，它可以代替zabbix-server的功能，減輕server的壓力 zabbix-agent 客戶端軟件（每一臺客戶端都需要安裝），負責采集各個監控服務或項目的數據，並上報
監控流程圖：
19.3 安裝zabbix
安裝之前要準備倆臺機器，一臺服務端，一臺客戶端，這裏我們用zabbix 服務端，test01 客戶端
默認yum安裝的zabbix版本是2.2的太舊，所以選擇安裝官方提供的repo源
wget http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm倆臺機器都安裝一下
安裝yum,源
rpm -ivh zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
[root@zabbix ~]# wget repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
--2018-01-17 15:25:32--
正在解析主機 repo.zabbix.com (repo.zabbix.com)... 162.243.159.138
正在連接 repo.zabbix.com (repo.zabbix.com)|162.243.159.138|:80... 已連接。已發出 HTTP 請求，
正在等待回應... 200 OK長度：13392 (13K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: “zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm”100%[==================================================>] 13,392 --.-K/s 用時 0s
2018-01-17 15:25:34 (100 MB/s) -
已保存 “zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm” [13392/13392])
[root@zabbix ~]#
[root@zabbix ~]# rpm -ivh zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch.
rpm警告：zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch.
rpm: 頭V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, 密鑰 ID a14fe591: NOKEY準備中... ################################# [100%]
正在升級/安裝... 1:zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7 ################################# [100%]
[root@zabbix ~]#客戶端
[root@test01 ~]# wget repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
--2018-01-17 15:25:38--
正在解析主機 repo.zabbix.com (repo.zabbix.com)... 162.243.159.138
正在連接 repo.zabbix.com (repo.zabbix.com)|162.243.159.138|:80...
已連接。已發出 HTTP 請求，正在等待回應... 200 OK長度：13392 (13K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: “zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm”100%[=============================================================>] 13,392
4.18KB/s 用時 3.1s
2018-01-17 15:25:46 (4.18 KB/s) -
已保存 “zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm” [13392/13392])
[root@test01 ~]#
[root@test01 ~]# rpm -ivh zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch.
rpm警告：zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch.
rpm: 頭V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, 密鑰 ID a14fe591: NOKEY準備中... ################################# [100%]
正在升級/安裝... 1:zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7 ################################# [100%]
[root@test01 ~]#然後可以看到/etc/yum.repos.d 目錄下多了一個 zabbix.repo,這個其實就是剛剛我們安裝的rpm包所安裝的一個文件，有了這個源之後，就可以直接yum 安裝zabbix了。
[root@zabbix ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Media.repo epel-testing.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Sources.repo zabbix.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-fasttrack.repo epel.repo.1
[root@zabbix ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo [zabbix]
name=Zabbix Official Repository - $basearch
baseurl=http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.4/rhel/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591
[zabbix-non-supported]
name=Zabbix Official Repository non-supported - $basearch
baseurl=http://repo.zabbix.com/non-supported/rhel/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX
gpgcheck=1
[root@zabbix ~]#yum安裝zabbix 的包，都有哪些包呢
yum install -y zabbix-agent zabbix-get zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web zabbix-web-mysqlzabbix-agent這個是客戶端軟件，zabbix-get是服務端用的一個工具，這個工具可以用命令行的形式獲得客戶端的某些監控項目的數據，zabbix-server-mysql 需要安裝一些和mysql 相關的文件，zabbix-web，這個是web界面，zabbix-server-mysql ，web和mysql打交道，安裝一些web和mysql打交道的一些東西
[root@zabbix ~]# yum install -y zabbix-agent zabbix-get zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web zabbix-web-mysql
已安裝: zabbix-agent.x86_64 0:3.4.10-2.el7 zabbix-get.x86_64 0:3.4.10-2.el7
zabbix-server-mysql.x86_64 0:3.4.10-2.el7 zabbix-web.noarch 0:3.4.10-2.el7
zabbix-web-mysql.noarch 0:3.4.10-2.el7 作為依賴被安裝: OpenIPMI-libs.x86_64 0:2.0.19-15.el7 OpenIPMI-modalias.x86_64 0:2.0.19-15.el7
apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7 apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7
dejavu-fonts-common.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 dejavu-sans-fonts.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7
fping.x86_64 0:3.10-4.el7 httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6
httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 iksemel.x86_64 0:1.4-6.el7
libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7 libtool-ltdl.x86_64 0:2.4.2-22.el7_3
libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-5.el7 libzip.x86_64 0:0.10.1-8.el7
mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 php.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
php-bcmath.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 php-cli.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
php-common.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 php-gd.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
php-ldap.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 php-mbstring.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
php-mysql.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 php-pdo.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
php-xml.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 t1lib.x86_64 0:5.1.2-14.el7
unixODBC.x86_64 0:2.3.1-11.el7 完畢！[root@zabbix ~]#如果mysql之前沒有安裝的話，需要根據lamp那一章的mysql安裝方法安裝mysql，也可以直接yum安裝mysql
因為我們之前已經安裝過mysql，這裏就省略了
先看下mysql有沒有啟動起來，沒有就要啟動
[root@zabbix ~]# ps aux |grep mysql
root 1181 0.0 0.1 115392 1684 ? S 21:49 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/zabbix.pid
mysql 1700 0.1 45.5 1300844 455476 ? Sl 21:50 0:05 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqd --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/zabbix.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/zabbix.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
root 2922 0.0 0.0 112680 980 pts/0 R+ 23:20 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@zabbix ~]#接下來還需要編輯下mysql的配置文件，設定一個默認的字符集
vim /etc/my.cnf //需要增加配置 character_set_server = utf8
如果不設置中文的話，到時候web界面中文顯示就會有問題
[root@zabbix ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf[mysqld]
character_set_server = utf8
datadir=/data/mysqlsocket=/tmp/mysql.sock
server-id=131
log_bin=zabbixlinux1
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in
#log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
#pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
## include all files from the config directory
##!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d:wq
[root@zabbix ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[root@zabbix ~]#
然後重啟下mysql
[root@zabbix ~]# systemctl restart mysql
[root@zabbix ~]#然後進入mysql命令行，創建zabbix庫 create database zabbix character set utf8;
再創建用戶 grant all on zabbix.* to ‘zabbix‘@‘127.0.0.1‘ identified by ‘zabbix-zabbix‘;
[root@zabbix ~]# mysql -uroot -pzabbixlinux
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1Server version: 5.6.36-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all on zabbix.* to ‘zabbix‘@‘127.0.0.1‘ identified by ‘zabbix-zabbix‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@zabbix ~]#導入數據
cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.7給他解壓一下 gzip -d create.sql.gz
導入數據
mysql -uroot -pxxx zabbix < create.sql
[root@zabbix ~]# cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.10/
[root@zabbix zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.10]#
[root@zabbix zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.10]# lsAUTHORS ChangeLog COPYING create.sql.gz NEWS README
[root@zabbix zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.10]# gzip -d create.sql.gz
[root@zabbix zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.10]# lsAUTHORS ChangeLog COPYING create.sql NEWS README
[root@zabbix zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.10]# mysql -uroot -pzabbixlinux zabbix < create.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@zabbix zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.10]#啟動zabbix 服務
[root@zabbix ~]# systemctl start zabbix-server[root@zabbix ~]#還要啟動httpd服務，但是在啟動之前要檢查下，系統裏面有沒有啟動nginx服務，如果啟動了nginx說明監聽80端口 ，如果nginx服務啟動了就要把它給關閉
[root@zabbix ~]# ps aux |grep nginx
root 1095 0.0 0.1 45992 1180 ? Ss 21:49 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nobody 1097 0.0 0.3 48480 3796 ? S 21:49 0:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 1098 0.0 0.3 48480 3808 ? S 21:49 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 3200 0.0 0.0 112680 980 pts/0 R+ 23:34 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@zabbix ~]#
[root@zabbix ~]# /etc/init.d/nginx stop
Stopping nginx (via systemctl): [ 確定 ]
[root@zabbix ~]#
[root@zabbix ~]# !psps aux |grep nginx
root 3222 0.0 0.0 112680 980 pts/0 R+ 23:35 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@zabbix ~]# netstat -lntpActive Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:20048 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:50995 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:46261 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2049 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3132/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::40463 :::* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp6 0 0 :::20048 :::* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp6 0 0 :::39446 :::* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp6 0 0 :::2049 :::* LISTEN -
[root@zabbix ~]#看下有沒有監聽80端口，沒有監聽80端口就可以順利的把httpd 服務啟動起來，再來看有沒有監聽80端口
[root@zabbix ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@zabbix ~]# !netnetstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:20048 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:50995 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:46261 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2049 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3132/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::40463 :::* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 3230/httpd
tcp6 0 0 :::20048 :::* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp6 0 0 :::39446 :::* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp6 0 0 :::2049 :::* LISTEN -
[root@zabbix ~]#那麽如果以後想要httpd開機啟動，還有zabbix-server 還需要把它加入到服務的啟動列表裏面去
[root@zabbix ~]# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.
target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@zabbix ~]# systemctl enable zabbix-server
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.
target.wants/zabbix-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service.
[root@zabbix ~]#還不要忘記把nginx給它停掉
[root@zabbix ~]# systemctl disable nginx
nginx.service is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.
Executing /sbin/chkconfig nginx off
[root@zabbix ~]#
[root@zabbix ~]# chkconfig nginx off
[root@zabbix ~]#那服務端，咱們啟動了起來了 看一看進程
[root@zabbix ~]# ps aux |grep zabbix
zabbix 3197 0.0 0.3 256076 3448 ? S 23:33 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
root 3365 0.0 0.0 112680 980 pts/0 R+ 23:40 0:00 grep --color=auto zabbix
[root@zabbix ~]#還要看看zabbix有沒有監聽端口
[root@zabbix ~]# !netnetstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:20048 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:50995 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:46261 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2049 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3132/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::40463 :::* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 3230/httpd
tcp6 0 0 :::20048 :::* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp6 0 0 :::39446 :::* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp6 0 0 :::2049 :::* LISTEN -
[root@zabbix ~]#進程還在，但是沒有看到zabbix的監聽的端口，說明有問題，下節來看下問題出在哪裏
[root@zabbix ~]# !psps aux |grep zabbix
zabbix 3197 0.0 0.3 256076 3448 ? S 23:33 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
root 3369 0.0 0.0 112680 980 pts/0 R+ 23:42 0:00 grep --color=auto zabbix
[root@zabbix ~]#19.4 安裝zabbix
接著上面的問題，沒有查到zabbix 監聽的端口，可以查看下它的日誌，
[root@zabbix ~]# less /var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
to database ‘zabbix‘ failed: [2002] Can‘t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock‘ (2)econnecting in 10 seconds
to database ‘zabbix‘ failed: [2002] Can‘t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock‘ (2)econnecting in 10 seconds
to database ‘zabbix‘ failed: [2002] Can‘t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock‘ (2)econnecting in 10 seconds
to database ‘zabbix‘ failed: [2002] Can‘t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock‘ (2)econnecting in 10 seconds
to database ‘zabbix‘ failed: [2002] Can‘t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock‘ (2)econnecting in 10 seconds
to database ‘zabbix‘ failed: [2002] Can‘t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock‘ (2)econnecting in 10 seconds
to database ‘zabbix‘ failed: [2002] Can‘t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock‘ (2)~
~
~
~
(END)說明不能連接mysql ，所以還需要去改下配置文件
vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf //修改或增加
DBHost=127.0.0.1 //在DBName=zabbix上面增加 ,搜索DBHost
DBPassword=zabbix-zabbix //在DBuser下面增加
### Option: DBHost
# Database host name.
If set to localhost, socket is used for MySQL.
# If set to empty string, socket is used for PostgreSQL.
## Mandatory: no# Default:
# DBHost=localhostDBHost=127.0.0.1
### Option: DBName-- 插入 --這裏的ip寫多少127.0.0.1 ，也可以寫localhost
因為mysql和zabbix裝在同一臺機器上，這裏可以寫localhost或者127.0.0.1；如果是在生產環境上，有時候為了提升zabbix的性能，可能會把MySQL裝在其他機器上，這是的DBHost，就需要寫上mysql的ip
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix-zabbix
### Option: DBPassword
# Database password. Ignored for SQLite.
# Comment this line if no password is used.-- 插入 --
[root@zabbix ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
root@zabbix ~]#這個地方的DBPassword=zabbix-zabbix 是指的咱們授權的時候用的密碼
更改完這幾項就可以啟動服務了，之前啟動過，這裏重啟一下就ok
[root@zabbix ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-server
[root@zabbix ~]# !psps aux |grep zabbix
zabbix 3407 3.1 0.4 256256 4136 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
zabbix 3410 0.0 0.2 256256 2468 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: configuration syncer [waiting 60 sec for processes]
zabbix 3411 0.0 0.2 256256 2680 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: db watchdog [synced alerts config in 0.012940 sec, idle 60 sec]
zabbix 3412 0.5 0.5 363204 5200 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: poller
#1 [got 0 values in 0.000004 sec, idle 5 sec]zabbix 3413 0.4 0.5 363204 5200 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: poller
#2 [got 0 values in 0.000005 sec, idle 5 sec]zabbix 3414 0.5 0.5 363204 5200 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: poller
#3 [got 0 values in 0.000006 sec, idle 5 sec]zabbix 3415 0.5 0.5 363204 5200 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: poller
#4 [got 0 values in 0.000007 sec, idle 5 sec]zabbix 3416 0.5 0.5 363204 5200 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: poller
#5 [got 0 values in 0.000005 sec, idle 5 sec]zabbix 3417 0.4 0.5 363204 5200 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: unreachable poller
#1 [got 0 values in 0.000005 sec, idle 5 sec]zabbix 3418 0.0 0.3 256256 3584 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper
#1 [processed data in 0.000000 sec, waiting for connection]zabbix 3419 0.0 0.3 256256 3584 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper
#2 [processed data in 0.000000 sec, waiting for connection]zabbix 3420 0.0 0.3 256256 3584 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper
#3 [processed data in 0.000000 sec, waiting for connection]zabbix 3422 0.0 0.3 256256 3584 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper
#4 [processed data in 0.000000 sec, waiting for connection]zabbix 3424 0.0 0.3 256256 3584 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper
#5 [processed data in 0.000000 sec, waiting for connection]zabbix 3426 0.0 0.2 258832 2620 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: icmp pinger
#1 [got 0 values in 0.000006 sec, idle 5 sec]zabbix 3427 0.0 0.2 256256 2688 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: alerter [sent alerts: 0 success, 0 fail in 0.110521 sec, idle 30 sec]
zabbix 3428 0.0 0.2 256256 2468 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: housekeeper [startup idle for 30 minutes]
zabbix 3429 0.0 0.2 256256 2688 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: timer
#1 [processed 0 triggers, 0 events in 0.000000 sec, 0 maintenances in 0.000000 sec, idle 15 sec]zabbix 3430 0.0 0.2 256256 2840 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: http poller
#1 [got 0 values in 0.001036 sec, idle 5 sec]zabbix 3431 0.2 0.5 360620 5040 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: discoverer
#1 [processed 0 rules in 0.066387 sec, idle 60 sec]zabbix 3432 0.0 0.2 256256 2828 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: history syncer
#1 [synced 0 items in 0.000001 sec, idle 1 sec]zabbix 3433 0.0 0.2 256256 2828 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: history syncer
#2 [synced 0 items in 0.000003 sec, idle 1 sec]zabbix 3434 0.0 0.2 256256 2828 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: history syncer
#3 [synced 0 items in 0.000002 sec, idle 1 sec]zabbix 3441 0.0 0.2 256256 2828 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: history syncer
#4 [synced 0 items in 0.000003 sec, idle 1 sec]zabbix 3442 0.0 0.3 256256 3764 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: escalator
#1 [processed 0 escalations in 0.001375 sec, idle 3 sec]zabbix 3443 0.0 0.3 256256 3760 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: proxy poller
#1 [exchanged data with 0 proxies in 0.000005 sec, idle 5 sec]zabbix 3444 0.0 0.2 256256 2588 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: self-monitoring [processed data in 0.000007 sec, idle 1 sec]
zabbix 3445 0.0 0.2 256256 2812 ? S 16:20 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: task manager [processed 0 task(s) in 0.001277 sec, idle 5 sec]
root 3458 0.0 0.0 112680 980 pts/0 R+ 16:20 0:00 grep --color=auto zabbix
[root@zabbix ~]#再來看下監聽的端口，zabbix 應該監聽10051端口
[root@zabbix ~]# !netnetstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:20048 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:50995 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:46261 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2049 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10051 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3407/zabbix_server
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3132/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::40463 :::* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 3230/httpd
tcp6 0 0 :::20048 :::* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp6 0 0 :::39446 :::* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp6 0 0 :::2049 :::* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::10051 :::* LISTEN 3407/zabbix_server
[root@zabbix ~]#接下來需要配置web界面了，打開瀏覽器
輸入你的ip地址也就是你的監控中心的ip地址 172.16.22.233/zabbix
進入到這個安裝界面點next step 就可以了
如果出現以下錯誤：
錯誤： 此處有錯誤提示，意識是PHP無法識別“data.timezone”（時區）。
vim /etc/php.inidate.timezone寫 亞洲上海，或者亞洲北京、重慶 date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
[root@zabbix ~]# vi /etc/php.ini
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Module Settings ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
[CLI Server]
; Whether the CLI web server uses ANSI color coding in its terminal output.
cli_server.color = On
[Date]
; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions
; http://php.net/date.timezonedate.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
; http://php.net/date.default-latitude
;date.default_latitude = 31.7667; http://php.net/date.default-longitude
;date.default_longitude = 35.2333; http://php.net/date.sunrise-zenith
-- INSERT --
[root@zabbix ~]# vi /etc/php.ini
[root@zabbix ~]#定義完之後，重新httpd服務，然後再去瀏覽器刷新
[root@zabbix ~]# systemctl restart httpd
恭喜你已經成功安裝了zabbix前端
然後點幾finish 登錄
默認的用戶名 admin 密碼 zabbix
登錄進去之後首先要去更改密碼，因為這個密碼大家都知道，是默認的密碼，如果以後線上的密碼不更改，那就很危險，很有可能被別人那道權限，
進去點change password
這時候密碼改了，還沒有變成中文，需要刷新下
我們退出來重進下
這個就是咱麽的zabbix web界面了，這個時候因為你還麽有加入任何的監控主機，所以也沒有什麽數據。
19.6 安裝zabbix
Zabbix客戶端安裝
在客戶端上也需要下載zabbix的yum源
wget repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
yum install -y zabbix-agent
vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf //修改如下配置
Server=127.0.0.1修改為Server=192.168.133.130 //定義服務端的ip（被動模式）
ServerActive=127.0.0.1修改為ServerActive=192.168.133.130 //定義服務端的ip（主動模式）Hostname=Zabbix server修改為Hostname=zabbix-123 //這是自定義的主機名，一會還需要在web界面下設置同樣的主機名
systemctl start zabbix-agent
systemctl enable zabbix-agent由於我們之前已經下載 、安裝了zabbix yum源
接下來直接yum 安裝 zabbix-agent 組件
[root@test01 ~]# yum install -y zabbix-agent
已加載插件：fastestmirror
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
zabbix | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
zabbix-non-supported | 951 B 00:00:00
(1/3): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 130 kB 00:00:00
(2/3): zabbix/x86_64/primary_db | 82 kB 00:00:02
(3/3): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 3.6 MB 00:00:08
zabbix-non-supported/x86_64/primary | 1.6 kB 00:00:00
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
zabbix-non-supported 4/4正在解決依賴關系--> 正在檢查事務---> 軟件包
zabbix-agent.x86_64.0.3.4.10-2.el7 將被 安裝-->
解決依賴關系完成依賴關系解決
=======================================================================================================
Package 架構 版本 源 大小
=======================================================================================================
正在安裝: zabbix-agent x86_64 3.4.10-2.el7 zabbix 347 k
事務概要=======================================================================================================安裝 1
軟件包總下載量：347 k安裝大小：1.3 M
Downloading packages:警告：/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/zabbix/packages/zabbix-agent-3.4.10-2.el7.x86_64.
rpm: 頭V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, 密鑰 ID a14fe591: NOKEY
zabbix-agent-3.4.10-2.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公鑰尚未安裝zabbix-agent-3.4.10-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
| 347 kB 00:00:13
從 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591 檢索密鑰導入 GPG key 0xA14FE591:
用戶ID : "Zabbix LLC <[email protected]>"
指紋 : a184 8f53 52d0 22b9 471d 83d0 082a b56b a14f e591
軟件包 : zabbix-release-3.4-1.el7.noarch (installed)
來自 : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
警告：RPM 數據庫已被非 yum 程序修改。
正在安裝 : zabbix-agent-3.4.10-2.el7.x86_64
1/1 驗證中 : zabbix-agent-3.4.10-2.el7.x86_64
1/1 已安裝: zabbix-agent.x86_64 0:3.4.10-2.el7
完畢！
[root@test01 ~]#安裝好後，修改配置文件
vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf修改三個地方
1.在客戶端指定一個白名單
Hostname=test01 //方便服務中心識別客戶端機器
-
Server=172.16.22.233 //ip為監控中心的IP
-
ServerActive=172.16.22.233//這個涉及到一個主動和被動模式；如果這裏不填寫服務中心的IP，那麽就只能使用被動模式；這個IP是主動模式時候用的
[root@test01 ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
Mandatory: no# Default:
Hostname=
Hostname=zabbix-02
Option: HostnameItem
# Mandatory: no # Default: # Server=Server=172.16.22.233 # Mandatory: no # Default: # ServerActive= ServerActive=172.16.22.233 :wq[root@test01 ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
[root@test01 ~]#
配置完成,啟動服務，查看進程
[root@test01 ~]# systemctl start zabbix-agent
[root@test01 ~]# ps aux |grep zabbix
zabbix 2377 0.0 0.1 80608 1256 ? S 20:27 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
zabbix 2378 0.0 0.1 80608 1288 ? S 20:27 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: collector [idle 1 sec]
zabbix 2379 0.0 0.1 80608 1836 ? S 20:27 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener #1
[waiting for connection]zabbix
2380 0.0 0.1 80608 1836 ?
S 20:27 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener
2 [waiting for connection]zabbix 2381 0.0 0.1 80608 1836 ? S 20:27 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener #3
[waiting for connection]zabbix
2382 0.0 0.2 80608 2180 ? S 20:27 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: active checks #1 [idle 1 sec]root
2384 0.0 0.0 112680 980 pts/0 R+ 20:28 0:00 grep --color=auto zabbix
[root@test01 ~]#查看下監聽的端口,這個端口是10050，客戶端， 服務端端口是10051
[root@test01 ~]# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1742/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2065/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2377/zabbix_agentd
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 2002/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1742/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 2065/master
tcp6 0 0 :::10050 :::* LISTEN 2377/zabbix_agentd
[root@test01 ~]#到這裏zabbix 客戶端就安裝結束了
19.5 忘記Admin密碼如何做
進入mysql的
mysql -uroot -pzabbixlinux;進入zabbix庫
use zabbix;查看所有表
show tables
[root@zabbix ~]# mysql -uroot -pzabbixlinux
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 36
Server version: 5.6.36-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> show tables;
+----------------------------+
| Tables_in_zabbix |
+----------------------------+
| acknowledges |
| actions |
| alerts |
| application_discovery |
| application_prototype |
| application_template |
| applications |
| auditlog |
| auditlog_details |
| autoreg_host |
| conditions |
| config |
| corr_condition |
| corr_condition_group |
| corr_condition_tag |
| corr_condition_tagpair |
| corr_condition_tagvalue |
| corr_operation |
| correlation |
| dbversion |
| dchecks |
| dhosts |
| drules |
| dservices |
| escalations |
| event_recovery |
| event_tag |
| events |
| expressions |
| functions |
| globalmacro |
| globalvars |
| graph_discovery |
| graph_theme |
| graphs |
| graphs_items |
| group_discovery |
| group_prototype |
| groups |
| history |
| history_log |
| history_str |
| history_text |
| history_uint |
| host_discovery |
| host_inventory |
| hostmacro |
| hosts |
| hosts_groups |
| hosts_templates |
| housekeeper |
| httpstep |
| httpstepitem |
| httptest |
| httptestitem |
| icon_map |
| icon_mapping |
| ids |
| images |
| interface |
| interface_discovery |
| item_application_prototype |
| item_condition |
| item_discovery |
| items |
| items_applications |
| maintenances |
| maintenances_groups |
| maintenances_hosts |
| maintenances_windows |
| mappings |
| media |
| media_type |
| opcommand |
| opcommand_grp |
| opcommand_hst |
| opconditions |
| operations |
| opgroup |
| opinventory |
| opmessage |
| opmessage_grp |
| opmessage_usr |
| optemplate |
| problem |
| problem_tag |
| profiles |
| proxy_autoreg_host |
| proxy_dhistory |
| proxy_history |
| regexps |
| rights |
| screen_user |
| screen_usrgrp |
| screens |
| screens_items |
| scripts |
| service_alarms |
| services |
| services_links |
| services_times |
| sessions |
| slides |
| slideshow_user |
| slideshow_usrgrp |
| slideshows |
| sysmap_element_url |
| sysmap_url |
| sysmap_user |
| sysmap_usrgrp |
| sysmaps |
| sysmaps_elements |
| sysmaps_link_triggers |
| sysmaps_links |
| task |
| task_close_problem |
| timeperiods |
| trends |
| trends_uint |
| trigger_depends |
| trigger_discovery |
| trigger_tag |
| triggers |
| users |
| users_groups |
| usrgrp |
| valuemaps |
+----------------------------+
127 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>以後監控的服務器，監控的主機很多的話，這些表會越來越大，所有需要指定合適的監控規則、策略，比如數據量需要保留多長時間，那麽在定義這個監控項目的時候就該想到，比如要保留1個月、還是1年，還是其他時間；可能，監控的站點服務量很大的話，一天就要漲好幾個G，那麽你的服務器磁盤能支持保存多長時間；
密碼默認存放的表是users裏面
查看表
desc users;
mysql> desc users;
+----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| userid | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| alias | varchar(100) | NO | UNI | | |
| name | varchar(100) | NO | | | |
| surname | varchar(100) | NO | | | |
| passwd | char(32) | NO | | | |
| url | varchar(255) | NO | | | |
| autologin | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| autologout | int(11) | NO | | 900 | |
| lang | varchar(5) | NO | | en_GB | |
| refresh | int(11) | NO | | 30 | |
| type | int(11) | NO | | 1 | |
| theme | varchar(128) | NO | | default | |
| attempt_failed | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| attempt_ip | varchar(39) | NO | | | |
| attempt_clock | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| rows_per_page | int(11) | NO | | 50 | |
+----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
16 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>我們需要修改的就是passwd的表
修改密碼
update users set passwd=md5(‘zabbixlinux‘) where alias=‘Admin‘;
mysql> update users set passwd=md5(‘lishiming1‘) where alias=‘Admin‘;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql>查看表的情況
mysql> select * from users;
+--------+-------+--------+---------------+----------------------------------+-----+-----------+------------+-------+---------+------+---------+----------------+------------+---------------+---------------+
| userid | alias | name | surname | passwd | url | autologin | autologout | lang | refresh | type | theme | attempt_failed | attempt_ip | attempt_clock | rows_per_page |
+--------+-------+--------+---------------+----------------------------------+-----+-----------+------------+-------+---------+------+---------+----------------+------------+---------------+---------------+
| 1 | Admin | Zabbix | Administrator | 148308853a00bdc6ed461689d4c72649 | | 1 | 0 | zh_CN | 30 | 3 | default | 0 | | 0 | 50 |
| 2 | guest | | | d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e | | 0 | 900 | en_GB | 30 | 1 | default | 0 | | 0 | 50 |
+--------+-------+--------+---------------+----------------------------------+-----+-----------+------------+-------+---------+------+---------+----------------+------------+---------------+---------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>這個時候就可以去使用新的密碼（lishiming1）瀏覽器登錄zabbix
這就是怎麽樣去重置你的zabbix管理員密碼
十五周四次課