漂亮的輸出-----prettytable和colorama的使用
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-07-27
server 紅色 ade 使用 背景 ticket start south 完成
這段代碼可以將 welcome to www.jb51.net 字符串以紅色輸出到控制臺
Python通過prettytable模塊將輸出內容如表格方式整齊輸出，python本身並不內置，需要獨立安裝該第三方庫。
1 pip install PrettyTable
1 #源碼安裝 2 wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/P/PrettyTable/prettytable-0.7.2.tar.gz 3 tar -zxvf prettytable-0.7.2.tar.gz 4 python setup.py build 5 python setup.py install
import prettytable as pt
## 按行添加數據
tb = pt.PrettyTable()
tb.field_names = ["City name", "Area", "Population", "Annual Rainfall"]
tb.add_row(["Adelaide",1295, 1158259, 600.5])
tb.add_row(["Brisbane",5905, 1857594, 1146.4])
tb.add_row(["Darwin", 112, 120900, 1714.7])
tb.add_row(["Hobart", 1357, 205556,619.5])
print(tb) +-----------+------+------------+-----------------+
| City name | Area | Population | Annual Rainfall |
+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+
| Adelaide | 1295 | 1158259 | 600.5 |
| Brisbane | 5905 | 1857594 | 1146.4 |
| Darwin | 112 | 120900 | 1714.7 |
| Hobart | 1357 | 205556 | 619.5 |
+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+ ## 按列添加數據
tb.add_column(‘index‘,[1,2,3,4])
print(tb)+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+-------+
| City name | Area | Population | Annual Rainfall | index |
+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+-------+
| Adelaide | 1295 | 1158259 | 600.5 | 1 |
| Brisbane | 5905 | 1857594 | 1146.4 | 2 |
| Darwin | 112 | 120900 | 1714.7 | 3 |
| Hobart | 1357 | 205556 | 619.5 | 4 |
+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+-------+ ## 使用不同的輸出風格
tb.set_style(pt.MSWORD_FRIENDLY)
print(‘--- style：MSWORD_FRIENDLY -----‘)
print(tb)
tb.set_style(pt.PLAIN_COLUMNS)
print(‘--- style：PLAIN_COLUMNS -----‘)
print(tb)
## 隨機風格，每次不同
tb.set_style(pt.RANDOM)
print(‘--- style：MSWORD_FRIENDLY -----‘)
print(tb)
tb.set_style(pt.DEFAULT)
print(‘--- style：DEFAULT -----‘)
print(tb)--- style：MSWORD_FRIENDLY -----
| City name | Area | Population | Annual Rainfall |
| Adelaide | 1295 | 1158259 | 600.5 |
| Brisbane | 5905 | 1857594 | 1146.4 |
| Darwin | 112 | 120900 | 1714.7 |
| Hobart | 1357 | 205556 | 619.5 |
--- style：PLAIN_COLUMNS -----
City name Area Population Annual Rainfall
Adelaide 1295 1158259 600.5
Brisbane 5905 1857594 1146.4
Darwin 112 120900 1714.7
Hobart 1357 205556 619.5
--- style：MSWORD_FRIENDLY -----
@ Adelaide 1295 1158259 600.5 @
@ Brisbane 5905 1857594 1146.4@
@ Darwin 112 120900 1714.7@
@ Hobart 1357 205556 619.5 @
--- style：DEFAULT -----
+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+
| City name | Area | Population | Annual Rainfall |
+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+
| Adelaide | 1295 | 1158259 | 600.5 |
| Brisbane | 5905 | 1857594 | 1146.4 |
| Darwin | 112 | 120900 | 1714.7 |
| Hobart | 1357 | 205556 | 619.5 |
+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+## 不打印，獲取表格字符串
s = tb.get_string()
print(s)
## 可以只獲取指定列或行
s = tb.get_string(fields=["City name", "Population"],start=1,end=4)
print(s)+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+
| City name | Area | Population | Annual Rainfall |
+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+
| Adelaide | 1295 | 1158259 | 600.5 |
| Brisbane | 5905 | 1857594 | 1146.4 |
| Darwin | 112 | 120900 | 1714.7 |
| Hobart | 1357 | 205556 | 619.5 |
+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+
+-----------+------------+
| City name | Population |
+-----------+------------+
| Brisbane | 1857594 |
| Darwin | 120900 |
| Hobart | 205556 |
+-----------+------------+## 自定義表格輸出樣式
### 設定左對齊
tb.align = ‘l‘
### 設定數字輸出格式
tb.float_format = "2.2"
### 設定邊框連接符為‘*"
tb.junction_char = "*"
### 設定排序方式
tb.sortby = "City name"
### 設定左側不填充空白字符
tb.left_padding_width = 0
print(tb)*----------*-----*-----------*----------------*
|City name |Area |Population |Annual Rainfall |
*----------*-----*-----------*----------------*
|Adelaide |1295 |1158259 |600.50 |
|Brisbane |5905 |1857594 |1146.40 |
|Darwin |112 |120900 |1714.70 |
|Hobart |1357 |205556 |619.50 |
*----------*-----*-----------*----------------*## 不顯示邊框
tb.border = 0
print(tb)
## 修改邊框分隔符
tb.set_style(pt.DEFAULT)
tb.horizontal_char = ‘+‘
print(tb)City name Area Population Annual Rainfall
Adelaide 1295 1158259 600.50
Brisbane 5905 1857594 1146.40
Darwin 112 120900 1714.70
Hobart 1357 205556 619.50
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
| City name | Area | Population | Annual Rainfall |
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
| Adelaide | 1295 | 1158259 | 600.50 |
| Brisbane | 5905 | 1857594 | 1146.40 |
| Darwin | 112 | 120900 | 1714.70 |
| Hobart | 1357 | 205556 | 619.50 |
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++## prettytable也支持輸出HTML代碼
s = tb.get_html_string()
print(s)colorama是一個python專門用來在控制臺、命令行輸出彩色文字的模塊，可以跨平臺使用。
1. 安裝colorama模塊
| 1 |
pip install colorama
|
可用格式常數:
| 1 2 3 |
Fore: BLACK, RED, GREEN, YELLOW, BLUE, MAGENTA, CYAN, WHITE, RESET.
Back: BLACK, RED, GREEN, YELLOW, BLUE, MAGENTA, CYAN, WHITE, RESET.
Style: DIM, NORMAL, BRIGHT, RESET_ALL
|
colorama是一個python專門用來在控制臺、命令行輸出彩色文字的模塊，可以跨平臺使用，在windows下linux下都工作良好，如果你想讓控制臺的輸出信息更漂亮一些，可以使用給這個模塊。
colorama官方地址：https://pypi.python.org/pypi/colorama
安裝colorama模塊
pip install colorama
使用範例
from colorama import init,Fore init(autoreset=True) #通過使用autoreset參數可以讓變色效果只對當前輸出起作用，輸出完成後顏色恢復默認設置 print(Fore.RED + ‘welcome to www.jb51.net‘) print(‘automatically back to default color again‘)
這段代碼可以將 welcome to www.jb51.net 字符串以紅色輸出到控制臺
創建一個專門用於更改顏色的類Colored並且添加相應方法：
from colorama import init, Fore, Back, Style
init(autoreset=False)
class Colored(object):
# 前景色:紅色 背景色:默認
def red(self, s):
return Fore.LIGHTRED_EX + s + Fore.RESET
# 前景色:綠色 背景色:默認
def green(self, s):
return Fore.LIGHTGREEN_EX + s + Fore.RESET
def yellow(self, s):
return Fore.LIGHTYELLOW_EX + s + Fore.RESET
def white(self,s):
return Fore.LIGHTWHITE_EX + s + Fore.RESET
def blue(self,s):
return Fore.LIGHTBLUE_EX + s + Fore.RESET- 1
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現在我們使用這個類：
修改resolveData（）函數的部分代碼：
def resolveData():
#查詢鏈接
url = ‘https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryO?leftTicketDTO.train_date=2018-01-31&leftTicketDTO.from_station=XAY&leftTicketDTO.to_station=GZG&purpose_codes=ADULT‘ #獲取數據
while 1:
try:
data = getData(url)
lists = json.loads(data)["data"]["result"]
break
except:
continue
cont = []
name = [
"station_train_code",
"from_station_name",
‘start_time‘,
"lishi",
"swz_num",
"zy_num",
"ze_num",
"gr_num",
"rw_num",
"dw_num",
"yw_num",
"rz_num",
"yz_num",
"wz_num",
"qt_num",
"note_num"
]
color = Colored()#創建Colored對象
for items in lists:#遍歷result的每一項
#data字典用於存放每一車次的余票信息
data = {
"station_train_code": ‘‘,
"from_station_name": ‘‘,
"to_station_name": ‘‘,
‘start_time‘: ‘‘,
‘end‘: ‘‘,
"lishi": ‘‘,
"swz_num": ‘‘,
"zy_num": ‘‘,
"ze_num": ‘‘,
"dw_num": ‘‘,
"gr_num": ‘‘,
"rw_num": ‘‘,
"yw_num": ‘‘,
"rz_num": ‘‘,
"yz_num": ‘‘,
"wz_num": ‘‘,
"qt_num": ‘‘,
"note_num": ‘‘
}
item = items.split(‘|‘)#用"|"進行分割
data[‘station_train_code‘] = item[3]#車次在3號位置
data[‘from_station_name‘] = item[6]#始發站信息在6號位置
data[‘to_station_name‘] = item[7]#終點站信息在7號位置
data[‘start_time‘] = item[8]#出發時間信息在8號位置
data[‘arrive_time‘] = item[9]#抵達時間在9號位置
data[‘lishi‘] = item[10]#經歷時間在10號位置
data[‘swz_num‘] = item[32] or item[25]# 特別註意：商務座在32或25位置
data[‘zy_num‘] = item[31]#一等座信息在31號位置
data[‘ze_num‘] = item[30]#二等座信息在30號位置
data[‘gr_num‘] = item[21]#高級軟臥信息在31號位置
data[‘rw_num‘] = item[23]#軟臥信息在23號位置
data[‘dw_num‘] = item[27]#動臥信息在27號位置
data[‘yw_num‘] = item[28]#硬臥信息在28號位置
data[‘rz_num‘] = item[24]#軟座信息在24號位置
data[‘yz_num‘] = item[29]#硬座信息在29號位置
data[‘wz_num‘] = item[26]#無座信息在26號位置
data[‘qt_num‘] = item[22]#其他信息在22號位置
if item[0] == ‘null‘:
data[‘note_num‘] = item[1]
else:
data[‘note_num‘] = color.white(item[1])#加高亮白色
#如果沒有信息則用“-”代替
for pos in name:
if data[pos] == ‘‘:
data[pos] = ‘-‘
cont.append(data)
tickets = []#存放所有車次的余票信息
#格式化添加進tickets中
for x in cont:
tmp = []
for y in name:
if y == "from_station_name":
s = color.green(stations2CN[x[y]]) + ‘\n‘ + color.red(stations2CN[x["to_station_name"]])#始發站綠色，終點站紅色
tmp.append(s)
elif y == "start_time":
s = color.green(x[y]) + ‘\n‘ + color.red(x["arrive_time"])
tmp.append(s)
elif y == "station_train_code":
s = color.yellow(x[y])
tmp.append(s)
else:
tmp.append(x[y])
tickets.append(tmp)
return tickets#返回所有車次余票信息測試結果：
漂亮的輸出-----prettytable和colorama的使用