二十七節課預習

阿新 • • 發佈：2018-10-13

添加 vss fec learn 位置圖片 oca 不同步新的

17.1 MySQL主從介紹
17.2 準備工作
17.3 配置主
17.4 配置從
17.5 測試主從同步

有的同學，遇到主從不能正常同步，提示uuid相同的錯誤。這是因為克隆機器導致。
https://www.2cto.com/database/201412/364479.html

擴展部分
不停庫不鎖表在線主從配置
http://seanlook.com/2015/12/14/mysql-replicas/
主從不同步
http://www.rfyy.net/archives/2309.html
http://blog.51cto.com/storysky/259280
主主
關於 auto_increment https://blog.csdn.net/leshami/article/details/39779509
http://www.cnblogs.com/ygqygq2/p/6045279.html
mysql-proxy 實現讀寫分離
http://blog.51cto.com/zzclinux/1980487
mysql-proxy類似的產品有：
mycat 基於阿裏的開源軟件cobar，官網 www.mycat.io
https://my.oschina.net/ruoli/blog/1789370
mycat實現分庫分表
https://www.cnblogs.com/joylee/p/7513038.html
atlas 出自於360，不維護不更新了 https://blog.csdn.net/AnPHPer/article/details/80566385
mysql環形主從
http://ask.apelearn.com/question/11437
mysql架構演變 http://www.aminglinux.com/bbs/thread-8025-1-1.html
MHA架構
http://blog.51cto.com/xiaoshuaigege/2060768
比較復雜的

mysql集群架構 http://ask.apelearn.com/question/17026

MySQL主從介紹

MySQL主從又叫做Replication、AB復制。簡單講就是A和B兩臺機器做主從後，在A上寫數據，另外一臺B也會跟著寫數據，兩者數據實時同步的

MySQL主從是基於binlog的，主上須開啟binlog才能進行主從。主從過程大致有3個步驟

1）主將更改操作記錄到binlog裏

2）從將主的binlog事件(sql語句)同步到從本機上並記錄在relaylog裏

3）從根據relaylog裏面的sql語句按順序執行

主上有一個log dump線程，用來和從的I/O線程傳遞binlog

從上有兩個線程，其中

I/O線程用來同步主的binlog並生成relaylog，另外一個SQL線程用來把relaylog裏面的sql語句落地

主從復制原理圖：

技術分享圖片

二、準備工作

實現MySQL主從復制需要進行的配置：

主服務器：

開啟二進制日誌

配置唯一的server-id

獲得master二進制日誌文件名及位置

創建一個用於slave和master通信的用戶賬號

從服務器：

配置唯一的server-id

使用master分配的用戶賬號讀取master二進制日誌

啟用slave服務

主從數據庫版本最好一致

主從數據庫內數據保持一致

環境準備：

主數據庫：mysql-master 192.168.253.143 /Centos7.4 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 mysql-5.6.36

從數據庫：mysql-slave 192.168.253.144 /Centos7.4 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 mysql-5.6.36

三、配置主

1.編輯/etc/my.cnf配置文件

[root@mysql-master ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf//修改如下字段

server_id = 210

log_bin=master_bin_log//重啟服務

[root@mysql-master ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

[root@mysql-master ~]# ls /data/mysql/

auto.cnf ib_logfile0 localhost.localdomain.err master_bin_log.index mysql-master.err performance_schema

ibdata1 ib_logfile1 master_bin_log.000001 mysql mysql-master.pid test

2.創建測試庫及數據

[root@mysql-master ~]# mysql -uroot

mysql> create database ms_test;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> use ms_test;

Database changed

mysql> create table tb1(`id` int(4),`name` char(40));

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.13 sec)

mysql> insert into tb1 values(1,‘long‘);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into tb1 values(2,‘oooo‘);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into tb1 values(3,‘ccc‘);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

//備份測試數據庫

[root@mysql-master ~]# mysqldump -uroot ms_test > ms_test.sql

3.創建同步數據帳戶

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to ‘ms_user‘@‘192.168.253.143‘ identified by ‘123456‘;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show grants for ‘ms_user‘@‘192.168.253.143‘;

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| Grants for [email protected] |

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO ‘ms_user‘@‘192.168.253.143‘ IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD ‘*6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9‘ |

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

//鎖定表狀態

mysql> flush tables with read lock;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

//顯示主狀態

mysql> show master status;

+-----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

+-----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| master_bin_log.000001 | 1240 | | | |

+-----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

四、配置從

1.修改配置文件

[root@mysql-slave ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf//修改如下內容

server_id = 220

[root@mysql-slave ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

[root@mysql-slave ~]#

2.將主上備份的測試數據庫復制到從庫並恢復

//在主上執行

[root@mysql-master ~]# scp ms_test.sql [email protected]:/root

The authenticity of host ‘192.168.253.143 (192.168.253.143)‘ can‘t be established.

ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:zx1ETx0EY8r1LzVAx806KJRBjPOnR/b3vss7sp1y6Hs.

ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:1f:39:43:b7:16:b4:37:b2:15:4d:92:d4:a5:b6:a4:c7.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added ‘192.168.253.143‘ (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.

[email protected]‘s password:

ms_test.sql 100% 1842 740.6KB/s 00:00

//在從上執行

[root@mysql-slave ~]# mv ms_test.sql /data/mysql/

[root@mysql-slave ~]# ls /data/mysql/

auto.cnf ib_logfile0 localhost.localdomain.err mysql mysql-slave.pid test

ibdata1 ib_logfile1 ms_test.sql mysql-slave.err performance_schema

//創建ms_test

[root@mysql-slave ~]# mysql -uroot

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database ms_test;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit

Bye//恢復ms_test

[root@mysql-slave ~]# mysql -uroot ms_test </data/mysql/ms_test.sql

3.設定同步

//從上執行mysql> stop slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> change master to master_host=‘192.168.253.144‘, master_user=‘ms_user‘, master_password=‘123456‘, master_log_file=‘master_bin_log.000001‘, master_log_pos=1240;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.08 sec)

mysql> start slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

//查看從狀態

mysql> show slave status\Gmysql> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.253.144 Master_User: ms_user Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: master_bin_log.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1240 Relay_Log_File: mysql-slave-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 288 Relay_Master_Log_File: master_bin_log.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1240 Relay_Log_Space: 467 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 210 Master_UUID: 060b64b3-899b-11e8-9ed3-000c29609adb Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 01 row in set (0.00 sec)

//主上執行mysql> unlock tables;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

五、測試主從同步

1.編譯主配置文件

[root@mysql-master ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf//設定僅同步ms_test數據庫，添加下行

binlog-do-db=ms_test

[root@mysql-master ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[root@mysql-master ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart

Shutting down MySQL.... SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

2.在主上插入新的記錄

[root@mysql-master ~]# mysql -uroot

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.6.36-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use ms_test;

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> show tables;

+-------------------+

| Tables_in_ms_test |

+-------------------+

| tb1 |

+-------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from tb1;

+------+------+

| id | name |

+------+------+

| 1 | long |

| 2 | oooo |

| 3 | ccc |

+------+------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into tb1 values(4,‘dddd‘);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from tb1;

+------+------+

| id | name |

+------+------+

| 1 | long |

| 2 | oooo |

| 3 | ccc |

| 4 | dddd |

+------+------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3.在從上查看是否有同步

mysql> use ms_test;

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> show tables;

+-------------------+

| Tables_in_ms_test |

+-------------------+

| tb1 |

+-------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from tb1;

+------+------+

| id | name |

+------+------+

| 1 | long |

| 2 | oooo |

| 3 | ccc |

| 4 | dddd |

+------+------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

二十七節課預習

添加 vss fec learn 位置圖片 oca 不同步新的 17.1 MySQL主從介紹17.2 準備工作17.3 配置主17.4 配置從17.5 測試主從同步有的同學，遇到主從不能正常同步，提示uuid相同的錯誤。這是因為克隆機器導致。https://www.2c

二十七節課預習

MySQL主從介紹

二、準備工作

三、配置主

四、配置從

五、測試主從同步

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MySQL主從介紹

二、 準備工作

三、 配置主

四、 配置從

五、 測試主從同步

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