A：設f[i][j][0/1]為前i個數第i位為j且第i位未滿足/已滿足限制的方案數。大力dp前綴和優化即可。

#include<iostream> 
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int read()
{
    int x=0,f=1;char c=getchar();
    while (c<‘0‘||c>‘9‘) {if
 
 (c==‘-‘) f=-1;c=getchar();}
    while (c>=‘0‘&&c<=‘9‘) x=(x<<1)+(x<<3)+(c^48),c=getchar();
    return x*f;
}
#define N 100010
#define P 998244353
#define K 200
int n,a[N],f[N][K+1][2],g[N][K+1][2];//0 there is limit 
void inc(int &x,int y){x+=y;if (x>=P) x-=P;}
int main()
{
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
    freopen(
 
"a.in","r",stdin);
    freopen("a.out","w",stdout);
#endif
    n=read();
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++) a[i]=read();
    f[0][0][0]=1;
    for (int i=0;i<=K;i++) g[0][i][0]=1;
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    {
    if (a[i]!=-1)
    {
        inc(f[i][a[i]][1],(g[i-1][K][1]-g[i-1][a[i]-1][1]+P)%P);
        inc(f[i][a[i]][
 
1],f[i-1][a[i]][0]);
        inc(f[i][a[i]][0],g[i-1][a[i]-1][0]),inc(f[i][a[i]][0],g[i-1][a[i]-1][1]);
    }
    else
    {
        for (int j=1;j<=K;j++)
        {
            inc(f[i][j][1],(g[i-1][K][1]-g[i-1][j-1][1]+P)%P);
            inc(f[i][j][1],f[i-1][j][0]);
            inc(f[i][j][0],g[i-1][j-1][0]),inc(f[i][j][0],g[i-1][j-1][1]);
        }
    }
    for (int j=1;j<=K;j++)
    g[i][j][0]=(f[i][j][0]+g[i][j-1][0])%P,g[i][j][1]=(f[i][j][1]+g[i][j-1][1])%P;
    }
    if (a[n]!=-1) cout<<f[n][a[n]][1];
    else
    {
        int ans=0;
        for (int i=1;i<=200;i++) inc(ans,f[n][i][1]);
        cout<<ans;
    }
    return 0;
}

　　B：顯然若合法根一定是直徑中點。跑幾遍dfs。

#include<iostream> 
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int read()
{
    int x=0,f=1;char c=getchar();
    while (c<‘0‘||c>‘9‘) {if (c==‘-‘) f=-1;c=getchar();}
    while (c>=‘0‘&&c<=‘9‘) x=(x<<1)+(x<<3)+(c^48),c=getchar();
    return x*f;
}
#define N 100010
int n,m,p[N],deep[N],fa[N],t=0,root;
struct data{int to,nxt;
}edge[N<<1];
void addedge(int x,int y){t++;edge[t].to=y,edge[t].nxt=p[x],p[x]=t;}
void dfs(int k)
{
    for (int i=p[k];i;i=edge[i].nxt)
    if (edge[i].to!=fa[k])
    {
        deep[edge[i].to]=deep[k]+1;
        fa[edge[i].to]=k;
        dfs(edge[i].to);
    }
}
bool check(int k)
{
    bool flag=1;
    int x=0;
    for (int i=p[k];i;i=edge[i].nxt)
    if (edge[i].to!=fa[k]) x++;
    if (x==0) return deep[k]==m;
    if (x>=3)
    {
        for (int i=p[k];i;i=edge[i].nxt)
        if (edge[i].to!=fa[k]) flag=flag&&check(edge[i].to);
    }
    else flag=0;
    return flag;
}
int main()
{
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
    freopen("b.in","r",stdin);
    freopen("b.out","w",stdout);
#endif
    n=read(),m=read();
    for (int i=1;i<n;i++)
    {
        int x=read(),y=read();
        addedge(x,y),addedge(y,x);
    }
    dfs(1);
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++) if (deep[i]>=deep[root]) root=i;
    memset(deep,0,sizeof(deep));
    memset(fa,0,sizeof(fa));
    dfs(root);
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++) if (deep[i]>=deep[root]) root=i;
    if (deep[root]!=m*2) {cout<<"No";return 0;}
    for (int i=1;i<=m;i++) root=fa[root];
    memset(deep,0,sizeof(deep));
    memset(fa,0,sizeof(fa));
    dfs(root);
    if (check(root)) cout<<"Yes";
    else cout<<"No";
    return 0;
}

　　一題20min感覺非常友好。然後一看C是構造就棄了。D一點不會。E看不懂。hack不動。一個多小時無所事事地看著排名往下掉。

　　難得手速快了一次？

　　result：rank 95 rating +83 突然就上黃了感覺下一場就掉回去了啊。

Codeforces Round #518 Div. 1沒翻車記