CrawlSpider繼承Spider,提供了強大的爬取規則(Rule)供使用

填充custom_settings,瀏覽器中的請求頭

from datetime import datetime

import scrapy
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule

from ArticleSpider.items import LagouJobItem, LagouJobItemLoader
from ArticleSpider.utils.common import get_md5


class LagouSpider(CrawlSpider):
    name = 'lagou'
    allowed_domains = ['www.lagou.com']
    start_urls = ['https://www.lagou.com/']

    custom_settings = {

    }

    rules = (
        Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=("zhaopin/.*",)), follow=True),
        Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=("gongsi/j\d+.html",)), follow=True),
        Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'jobs/\d+.html'), callback='parse_job', follow=True),
    )

    def parse_job(self, response):
        # 解析拉勾網的職位
        item_loader = LagouJobItemLoader(item=LagouJobItem(), response=response)
        item_loader.add_css("title", ".job-name::attr(title)")
        item_loader.add_value("url", response.url)
        item_loader.add_value("url_object_id", get_md5(response.url))
        item_loader.add_css("salary", ".job_request .salary::text")
        item_loader.add_xpath("job_city", "//*[@class='job_request']/p/span[2]/text()")
        item_loader.add_xpath("work_years", "//*[@class='job_request']/p/span[3]/text()")
        item_loader.add_xpath("degree_need", "//*[@class='job_request']/p/span[4]/text()")
        item_loader.add_xpath("job_type", "//*[@class='job_request']/p/span[5]/text()")

        item_loader.add_css("tags", '.position-label li::text')
        item_loader.add_css("publish_time", ".publish_time::text")
        item_loader.add_css("job_advantage", ".job-advantage p::text")
        item_loader.add_css("job_desc", ".job_bt div")
        item_loader.add_css("job_addr", ".work_addr")
        item_loader.add_css("company_name", "#job_company dt a img::attr(alt)")
        item_loader.add_css("company_url", "#job_company dt a::attr(href)")
        item_loader.add_value("crawl_time", datetime.now())

        job_item = item_loader.load_item()

        return job_item
 

class LagouJobItemLoader(ItemLoader):
    #自定義itemloader
    default_output_processor = TakeFirst()


class LagouJobItem(scrapy.Item):
    #拉勾網職位資訊
    title = scrapy.Field()
    url = scrapy.Field()
    url_object_id = scrapy.Field()
    salary = scrapy.Field()
    job_city = scrapy.Field(
        input_processor=MapCompose(remove_splash),
    )
    work_years = scrapy.Field(
        input_processor = MapCompose(remove_splash),
    )
    degree_need = scrapy.Field(
        input_processor = MapCompose(remove_splash),
    )
    job_type = scrapy.Field()
    publish_time = scrapy.Field()
    job_advantage = scrapy.Field()
    job_desc = scrapy.Field()
    job_addr = scrapy.Field(
        input_processor=MapCompose(remove_tags, handle_jobaddr),
    )
    company_name = scrapy.Field()
    company_url = scrapy.Field()
    tags = scrapy.Field(
        input_processor = Join(",")
    )
    crawl_time = scrapy.Field()

    def get_insert_sql(self):
        insert_sql = """
            insert into lagou_job(title, url, url_object_id, salary, job_city, work_years, degree_need,
            job_type, publish_time, job_advantage, job_desc, job_addr, company_name, company_url,
            tags, crawl_time) VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
            ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE salary=VALUES(salary), job_desc=VALUES(job_desc)
        """
        params = (
            self["title"], self["url"], self["url_object_id"], self["salary"], self["job_city"],
            self["work_years"], self["degree_need"], self["job_type"],
            self["publish_time"], self["job_advantage"], self["job_desc"],
            self["job_addr"], self["company_name"], self["company_url"],
            self["job_addr"], self["crawl_time"].strftime(SQL_DATETIME_FORMAT),
        )

        return insert_sql, params
 

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for lagou_job
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `lagou_job`;
CREATE TABLE `lagou_job` (
  `title` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `url` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `url_object_id` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
  `salary` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `job_city` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `work_years` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `degree_need` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `job_type` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `tags` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `publish_time` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
  `job_advantage` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `job_desc` longtext NOT NULL,
  `job_addr` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `company_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `company_url` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `crawl_time` datetime NOT NULL,
  `crawl_update_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`url_object_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;