SpringBoot下使用ElasticSearch教程(一)
一：ElasticSearch簡單介紹.
ES是一款實時分析的分散式搜尋引擎,易擴充套件叢集,全文搜尋,分散式實時檔案儲存,基於RESTful風格的簡單易用API,底層使用Lucene封裝,使用Java語言開發,和多種語言容易互動使用,速度非常快, 穩定,可靠,容易安裝,開源.Lucene專注與底層搜尋建設,ElasticSearch專注於企業應用.
ElasticSearch官網有非常詳細的介紹：ElasticSearch.
ElasticSearch權威指南中文版：
二：環境準備.
我是方便測試,使用的Windows本地安裝的ES,ES的安裝教程比較多了,先把安裝環境跑起吧.
ElasticSearch：6.4.1
SpringBoot：2.0.5.RELEASE
Maven
PostMan：介面測試工具,有json格式的資料校驗,新增索引文章會比較方便的.
瀏覽器：Chrome
然後是安裝好啟動叢集管理header外掛.可以看到以正確啟動了.
訪問ES的叢集面板.
使用PostMan新增索引.(說明一下,ES 6中,一個Index只能指定一個Type，親測).下面是新建的Index.
{ "settings": { "number_of_shards": 5, "number_of_replicas": 1 }, "mappings":{ "novel":{ "properties":{ "word_count":{ "type":"integer" }, "author":{ "type":"keyword" }, "title":{ "type":"text" }, "publish_date":{ "type":"date", "format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss || yyyy-MM-dd || epoch_millis" } } } } }
新建索引指定id和自動生成id兩種方式.
例如這裡插入第一條吧.(PostMan),(發現字打錯了如換成入吧,嚴謹一點吧.)
POST 127.0.0.1/book/novel/1
查詢文件是否存在.
二：整合SpringBoot（仔細閱讀注意一些不必要的坑 !！！）.
新建一個SpringBoot專案.建立一下的目錄.
pom.xml檔案依賴如下.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.lx.search</groupId>
<artifactId>elastic</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>elastic</name>
<description>ElasticSearch project for Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 引入ElasticSearch-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.elasticsearch.plugin</groupId>
<artifactId>transport-netty3-client</artifactId>
<version>5.6.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>要引入那個transport-netty3-client的.否在報錯喲.報錯資訊如下.
ES返回的文件對應實體物件,首先是完成實體類物件的編寫吧.(如果覺得Set/Get麻煩,使用Lombok吧).
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;
import java.util.Date;
@Document(indexName = "book",type="novel")
public class Novel {
@Id
private Long id;
private String title;
private String author;
private Integer word_count;
private Date publish_data;
public Novel(){
super();
}
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public Integer getWord_count() {
return word_count;
}
public void setWord_count(Integer word_count) {
this.word_count = word_count;
}
public Date getPublish_data() {
return publish_data;
}
public void setPublish_data(Date publish_data) {
this.publish_data = publish_data;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Novel{" +
"id=" + id +
", title='" + title + '\'' +
", author='" + author + '\'' +
", word_count=" + word_count +
", publish_data=" + publish_data +
'}';
}
}接下來就是兩種配置方式了.
方式一：ElasticsearchTemplate完成.(檢視一下cluster_name,新增了一個預設的節點,就不是預設的elasticsearch了).
application.yml中的編寫如下.
# 配置埠
server:
port: 8081
# 配置ElasticSearch
spring:
data:
elasticsearch:
cluster-nodes: 127.0.0.1:9300
cluster-name: my-application
repositories:
enabled: true接下來就是完成查詢了.(需求是查出所有帶有word_count的書).
NovelController入下.
import com.lx.search.elastic.entity.Novel;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.NativeSearchQueryBuilder;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.SearchQuery;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.List;
/**
* title： com.lx.search.elastic.controller
* @author： lixing
* date： 2018/10/6 14:06
* description：查詢小說吧
*/
@RestController
public class NovelController {
@Autowired
private ElasticsearchTemplate elasticsearchTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/search")
public String findDoc(){
// 構造搜尋條件
QueryBuilder builder=QueryBuilders.existsQuery("word_count");
SearchQuery searchQuery=new NativeSearchQueryBuilder().withQuery(builder).build();
// 執行查詢
List<Novel> novels=elasticsearchTemplate.queryForList(searchQuery,Novel.class);
for(Novel novel:novels){
System.out.println(novel);
}
return "Search Success";
}
}在啟動類的註解上新增包掃描.將實體類注入到容器成為Bean.
@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = "com.lx.search.elastic")啟動訪問一下吧：瀏覽器訪問一下.
檢視控制檯如下：
id為null是說明資料型別不符合唄,直接修改為將id的型別修改String吧,ES自動和手動生成的id是String型別的.
修改為String型別後：
重新訪問一下,問題解決.
方式二：TransportClient.
ElasticSearchConfigimport org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.InetSocketTransportAddress;
import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.TransportAddress;
import org.elasticsearch.transport.client.PreBuiltTransportClient;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.net.InetAddress;
/**
* title： com.lx.search.elastic.config
* @author： lixing
* date： 2018/10/2 14:50
* description：ElasticSearchConfig的配置類
*/
@Configuration
public class ElasticSearchConfig {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ElasticSearchConfig.class);
@Bean
public TransportClient client() {
logger.info("初始化開始中...");
TransportClient client = null;
try {
TransportAddress transportAddress = new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("localhost"),
Integer.valueOf(9300));
// 配置資訊
Settings esSetting = Settings.builder()
.put("cluster.name","my-application")
.build();
// 配置資訊Settings自定義
client= new PreBuiltTransportClient(esSetting);
client.addTransportAddresses(transportAddress);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("elasticsearch TransportClient create error!!!", e);
}
return client;
}
}SaerchController.
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class SearchController {
@Autowired
private TransportClient client;
@RequestMapping("/estest")
public void test(){
// 查詢一條
GetResponse result=client.prepareGet("book","novel","1").get();
System.out.println(result);
}
}瀏覽器訪問一下：
控制檯檢視：（返回了id為1的json資料）.
遇到問題如下：
2018-10-06 15:27:24.926 WARN 15064 --- [][generic][T#1]] o.e.c.t.TransportClientNodesService : node {#transport#-1}{Dv7dhgGlQCyxgGsSOd_JjQ}{localhost}{127.0.0.1:9300} not part of the cluster Cluster [elastic], ignoring...
控制檯列印上述資訊.
可以看出是節點名字錯了吧,不是那個elastic.就進入到那個叢集面板裡面檢視一下這個127.0.0.1:9300節點的cluster_name是那個
elastic嗎？？？是預設的elasticsearch嗎？？？,當然我是新建了節點的.
修改為my-application
在這裡還可以檢視一下配置檔案.config目錄下elasticsearch.yml檔案.
再次重新啟動一下,正常啟動了,可以正常訪問了.
三：簡單總結.
在這次整合中也是遇到了問題,首先是自己認真的觀察和仔細的思考一下,一步一步耐心解決吧.後面使用過程中在總結吧.