KVM實現分散式部署lamp並安裝WordPress
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-10
實驗思維導圖：
分析：
本實驗要求使用KVM安裝三臺虛擬機器，實現mysql，php，httpd，分散式部署，並完成lamp環境搭建WordPress
搭建整體環境，克隆一臺新的虛擬機器，在啟動之前選擇如下，從而使得本機支援虛擬化實現
首先安裝kvm環境
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libvirt-daemon-kvm qemu-kvm virt-manager libvirt
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart libvirt建立http-fpm網橋
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/
[[email protected] networks]# cp default.xml httpfpm.xml
[[email protected] networks]# vim httpfpm.xml #修改指定的mac,uuid, <network> <name>httpfpm</name> <uuid>06a6d52e-6c03-4b29-bdf7-2cfe6d5e937a</uuid> <bridge name='httpfpm' stp='on' delay='0'/> <mac address='52:54:00:c6:21:33'/> <ip address='10.0.0.1' netmask='255.255.255.0'> <dhcp> <range start='10.0.0.2' end='10.0.0.254'/> </dhcp> </ip> </network>
定義並啟動httpfpm網橋
[[email protected] ~]# virsh net-define /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/httpfpm.xml
[[email protected] ~]# virsh net-start httpfpm
[[email protected] ~]# virsh net-autostart httpfpm建立php-mysql網橋
要求同上，具體如下
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/
[[email protected] 檢視建立的網橋狀態
[[email protected] ~]# virsh net-list
Name State Autostart Persistent
----------------------------------------------------------
default active yes yes
httpfpm active yes yes
phpmysql active yes yes
全部執行
建立物理橋
[[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection add type bridge con-name br0 ifname br0
[[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection modify br0 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 172.18.253.64/16 ipv4.gateway 172.18.0.1 ipv4.dns 172.18.0.1
[[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection up br0
[[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection add type bridge-slave ifname ens33 master br0
[[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection up bridge-slave-ens33
檢視物理網橋，以及虛擬網橋，和自己指定網路端一樣
[[email protected] ~]# ifconfig
br0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.18.253.64 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.18.255.255
inet6 fe80::fa1a:9524:4b58:9ad3 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:c7:a9:bb txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 142114 bytes 2595479371 (2.4 GiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 99313 bytes 14884523 (14.1 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
httpfpm: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 10.0.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.0.255
ether 52:53:00:c6:21:33 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
phpmysql: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 20.0.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 20.0.0.255
ether 52:53:00:c6:21:34 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
建立虛擬磁碟檔案，因為本機的根環境容量較小，就選擇了掛載伺服器的指定系統映象目錄，自己在做實驗時候，可以下載下來要虛擬機器centos映象檔案
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -pv /virtualmachines/centos7_base
[[email protected] ~]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o size=80G,preallocation=metadata,compat=1.1 /virtualmachines/centos7_base/centos7.img
[[email protected] ~]# mount 172.18.0.1:/var/ftp/pub /mnt/
[[email protected] ~]# virt-manager 啟動虛擬化安裝centos7,我們先安裝一個模板機，然後直接複製模板機為我們想要的機器
選擇網絡卡為br0這樣方便待會我們方便下載倉庫
過我已經安裝過了，選擇指定的centos7映象，然後，安裝到本地的指定目錄下/virtualmachines/centos7_base/centos7.img
為了方便，選擇了最小化安裝，經過幾分鐘的centos7安裝，和平常安裝centos7一樣
root登陸，在這個模板機器裡面我們可以先下載好一些常用命令工具包，net-tools,以及服務，httpd,php-fpm,php-mysql,mariadb-server,php,，這樣一會就可以不用再手動配置倉庫.
安裝完成之後，就可以進行虛擬機器的複製了，我們先準備指定目錄以及檔案
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -pv /virtualmachines/{httpd,php,mysql}
mkdir: created directory ‘/virtualmachines/httpd’
mkdir: created directory ‘/virtualmachines/php’
mkdir: created directory ‘/virtualmachines/mysql’
[[email protected] ~]# cp /virtualmachines/centos7_base/centos7.img /virtualmachines/httpd/httpd.img
[[email protected] ~]# cp /virtualmachines/centos7_base/centos7.img /virtualmachines/php/php.img
[[email protected] ~]# cp /virtualmachines/centos7_base/centos7.img /virtualmachines/mysql/mysql.img通過模板機，配置實際需要三臺機器的mac,uuid,以及安裝原始檔，以httpd為例
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/libvirt/qemu/
[[email protected] qemu]# cp centos7.5.xml httpd.xml
[[email protected] qemu]# vim httpd.xml
<name>httpd</name>
<uuid>a8dbf8ae-d691-4f00-835b-3c29ce8972a0</uuid>
<source file='/virtualmachines/httpd/httpd.img'/>
<mac address='52:54:00:cc:f6:d1'/>設定並啟動httpd虛擬機器，其他兩臺一樣操作
[[email protected] qemu]# virsh define httpd.xml
Domain httpd defined from httpd.xml
[[email protected] qemu]# virsh autostart httpd
Domain httpd marked as autostarted
[[email protected] qemu]# virsh start httpd
Domain httpd started
完成之後，再次
[[email protected] ~]# virt-manager 發現已經變成了四臺虛擬機器了，這時候開始配置網絡卡
httpd需要兩個網絡卡，一個是172.% 一個為10.% 如圖所示分別選擇br0和httpfpm網絡卡最後點右下角apply,再次進入系統後重啟網路服務。需要的指定ip段就出來了
php需要20.%和10.%兩個網絡卡，同樣設定，在此略
mysql只需20.%網絡卡就行
至此，三臺機器環境搭建完畢。
在httpd機器上設定虛擬網絡卡
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -pv /vhosts/pam/htdocs
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/
[[email protected] ~]# vim pma.conf
DirectoryIndex index.php
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName bbs.magedu.com
DocumentRoot /vhosts/pam/htdocs
<Directory "/vhosts/pam/htdocs">
Require all granted
</Directory>
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://10.0.0.231:9000/vhosts/pam/htdocs/$1
</VirtualHost> 修改httpd主配置檔案。
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
</IfModule>
修改/etc/hosts/配置
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/hosts
172.18.253.74 bbs.magedu.com之後重啟httpd服務
在php-fpm機器上修改主配置檔案/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
修改以下配置
listen =0.0.0.o:9000
;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
在mysql伺服器上，啟動mysql，建立資料庫，db1, 使用者root,密碼user1
MariaDB [(none)]> create database db1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on db1.* to 'root'@'20.0.0.60' identified by 'user1';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)在php-fpm上安裝wordpress
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -pv /vhosts/pam
[[email protected] ~]# cd /vhosts/pam
[[email protected] pam]# tar xvf wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
[[email protected] pam]# ln -sv wordpress htdocs現在可以訪問htppd伺服器了
在物理機瀏覽器輸入172.18.253.74就可以訪問你的wordpress了,接著填入你的資訊,完成安裝即可