搭建自己的部落格（十一）：新增根據日期篩選
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-15
之前有通過分類來篩選文章的功能，這次新增根據建立日期來篩選文章。
1、變化的部分
2、上程式碼
ul.blog-types,ul.blog-dates { list-style-type: none; } div.blog:not(:last-child) { margin-bottom: 2em; padding-bottom: 1em; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; } div.blog h3 { margin-top: 0.5em; } div.blog-info pblog.css{ margin-bottom: 0; } div.blog-info-description { list-style-type: none; margin-bottom: 1em; } ul.blog-info-description li { display: inline-block; margin-right: 2em; } div.blog-content { text-indent: 2em; } div.paginator { text-align: center; } div.container{ max-width: 80%; }
{# 引用模板 #} {% extends 'base.html' %} {% load staticfiles %} {% block header_extends %} <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'blog/blog.css' %}"> {% endblock %} {# 標題 #} {% block title %} {{ blog.title }} {% endblock %} {# 內容#} {% block content %}blog_detail.html<div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-6 offset-1"> <ul class="blog-info-description"> <h3>{{ blog.title }}</h3> <li>作者：{{ blog.author }}</li> {# 時間過濾器讓時間按照自己需要的格式過濾 #} <li>釋出日期：{{ blog.created_time|date:"Y-m-d H:n:s" }}</li> <li>分類： <a href="{% url 'blogs_with_type' blog.blog_type.pk %}"> {{ blog.blog_type }} </a> </li> </ul> <p class="blog-content">{{ blog.content }}</p> <p>上一篇： {% if previous_blog %} <a href="{% url 'blog_detail' previous_blog.pk %}">{{ previous_blog.title }}</a> {% else %} <span>沒有了</span> {% endif %} </p> <p>下一篇： {% if next_blog %} <a href="{% url 'blog_detail' next_blog.pk %}">{{ next_blog.title }}</a> {% else %} <span>沒有了</span> {% endif %} </p> </div> </div> </div> {% endblock %} {% block js %} <script> $(".nav-blog").addClass("active").siblings().removeClass("active"); </script> {% endblock %}
{% extends 'base.html' %} {% load staticfiles %} {# 標題 #} {% block title %} felix Blog {% endblock %} {% block header_extends %} <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'blog/blog.css' %}"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'fontawesome-free-5.5.0-web/css/all.min.css' %}"> {% endblock %} {# 內容#} {% block content %} <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8"> <div class="card" style=""> <div class="card-header"><h5 class="card-title">{% block blog_type_title %}部落格列表{% endblock %}</h5> </div> <div class="card-body"> {% for blog in blogs %} <div class="blog"> <h3><a href="{% url 'blog_detail' blog.pk %}">{{ blog.title }}</a></h3> <div class="blog-info"> <p> {# 新增圖示 #} <i class="fas fa-tag"></i> <a href="{% url 'blogs_with_type' blog.blog_type.pk %}"> {{ blog.blog_type }} </a> <i class="far fa-clock "></i> {{ blog.created_time|date:"Y-m-d" }} <p> </div> <p>{{ blog.content|truncatechars:30 }}</p> </div> {% empty %} <div class="blog"> <h3>--暫無部落格，敬請期待--</h3> </div> {% endfor %} </div> </div> {# 分頁 #} <div class="paginator"> <ul class="pagination justify-content-center"> {# 首頁 #} <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="?page=1">首頁</a></li> {# 上一頁 #} {% if page_of_blogs.has_previous %} <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="?page={{ page_of_blogs.previous_page_number }}">上一頁</a> </li> {% else %} <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">上一頁</span></li> {% endif %} {# 全部頁碼 #} {% for page_num in page_range %} {# 添加當前頁高亮顯示 #} {% if page_num == page_of_blogs.number %} <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">{{ page_num }}</span></li> {% else %} <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="?page={{ page_num }}">{{ page_num }}</a></li> {% endif %} {% endfor %} {# 下一頁 #} {% if page_of_blogs.has_next %} <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="?page={{ page_of_blogs.next_page_number }}">下一頁</a></li> {% else %} <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">下一頁</span></li> {% endif %} {# 尾頁 #} <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="?page={{ page_of_blogs.paginator.num_pages }}">尾頁</a></li> </ul> <p> 一共有 {{ page_of_blogs.paginator.count }}篇部落格，當前{{ page_of_blogs.number }}頁，共{{ page_of_blogs.paginator.num_pages }}頁 </p> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-header"><h5 class="card-title">部落格分類</h5></div> <div class="card-body"> <ul class="blog-types"> {% for blog_type in blog_types %} <li><a href="{% url 'blogs_with_type' blog_type.pk %}">{{ blog_type.type_name }}</a> </li> {% empty %} <li>暫無分類</li> {% endfor %} </ul> </div> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="card-header"><h5 class="card-title">日期歸檔</h5></div> <div class="card-body"> <ul class="blog-dates"> {% for blog_date in blog_dates %} <li> <a href="{% url 'blogs_with_date' blog_date.year blog_date.month %}"> {{ blog_date|date:'Y年m月' }} </a> </li> {% empty %} <li>暫無分類</li> {% endfor %} </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> {% endblock %} {% block js %} <script> $(".nav-blog").addClass("active").siblings().removeClass("active"); </script> {% endblock %}blog_list.html
{% extends 'blog/blog_list.html' %}
{# 標題 #}
{% block title %}
{{ blog_type.type_name }}
{% endblock %}
{% block blog_type_title %}
日期：{{ blogs_with_date }}
{% endblock %}
blog_with_date.html
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 18-11-4 下午5:22 # @Author : Felix Wang from django.urls import path from . import views urlpatterns = [ path('', views.blog_list, name='blog_list'), # name 表示別名 path('<int:blog_pk>', views.blog_detail, name='blog_detail'), # 連結非常容易混掉，所以要區分，在連結前面新增type path('type/<int:blog_type_pk>', views.blogs_with_type, name='blogs_with_type'), # 根據日期分類 path('date/<int:year>/<int:month>', views.blogs_with_date, name='blogs_with_date'), ]urls.py
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, get_object_or_404 from .models import Blog, BlogType from django.core.paginator import Paginator from django.conf import settings # 分頁部分公共程式碼 def blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list): paginator = Paginator(blogs_all_list, settings.EACH_PAGE_BLOGS_NUMBER) # 第一個引數是全部內容，第二個是每頁多少 page_num = requests.GET.get('page', 1) # 獲取url的頁面引數（get請求） page_of_blogs = paginator.get_page(page_num) # 從分頁器中獲取指定頁碼的內容 current_page_num = page_of_blogs.number # 獲取當前頁 all_pages = paginator.num_pages if all_pages < 5: page_range = list( range(max(current_page_num - 2, 1), min(all_pages + 1, current_page_num + 3))) # 獲取需要顯示的頁碼 並且剔除不符合條件的頁碼 else: if current_page_num <= 2: page_range = range(1, 5 + 1) elif current_page_num >= all_pages - 2: page_range = range(all_pages - 4, paginator.num_pages + 1) else: page_range = list( range(max(current_page_num - 2, 1), min(all_pages + 1, current_page_num + 3))) # 獲取需要顯示的頁碼 並且剔除不符合條件的頁碼 return { 'blogs': page_of_blogs.object_list, 'page_of_blogs': page_of_blogs, 'blog_types': BlogType.objects.all(), 'page_range': page_range, 'blog_dates': Blog.objects.dates('created_time', 'month', order='DESC') } # 部落格列表 def blog_list(requests): blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.all() # 獲取全部部落格 context = blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list) return render_to_response('blog/blog_list.html', context) # 根據型別篩選 def blogs_with_type(requests, blog_type_pk): blog_type = get_object_or_404(BlogType, pk=blog_type_pk) blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.filter(blog_type=blog_type) # 獲取全部部落格 context = blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list) context['blog_type'] = blog_type return render_to_response('blog/blog_with_type.html', context) # 根據日期篩選 def blogs_with_date(requests, year, month): blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.filter(created_time__year=year, created_time__month=month) # 獲取全部部落格 context = blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list) context['blogs_with_date'] = '{}年{}日'.format(year, month) return render_to_response('blog/blog_with_date.html', context) # 部落格詳情 def blog_detail(requests, blog_pk): blog = get_object_or_404(Blog, pk=blog_pk) context = { 'blog': blog, 'previous_blog': Blog.objects.filter(created_time__gt=blog.created_time).last(), 'next_blog': Blog.objects.filter(created_time__lt=blog.created_time).first(), } return render_to_response('blog/blog_detail.html', context)views.py
""" Django settings for myblog project. Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.1.3. For more information on this file, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/settings/ For the full list of settings and their values, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/ """ import os # Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...) BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))) # Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production # See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/deployment/checklist/ # SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret! SECRET_KEY = 'ea+kzo_5k^[email protected]([email protected]*+w5d11=0mp1p5ngr' # SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production! DEBUG = True ALLOWED_HOSTS = [] # Application definition INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'blog.apps.BlogConfig', # 將自己建立的app新增到設定中 ] MIDDLEWARE = [ 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ] ROOT_URLCONF = 'myblog.urls' TEMPLATES = [ { 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 'DIRS': [ os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates'), ], 'APP_DIRS': True, 'OPTIONS': { 'context_processors': [ 'django.template.context_processors.debug', 'django.template.context_processors.request', 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', ], }, }, ] WSGI_APPLICATION = 'myblog.wsgi.application' # Database # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#databases DATABASES = { # 'default': { # 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', # 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'), # } 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', 'NAME': 'myblogs', # 要連線的資料庫，連線前需要建立好 'USER': 'root', # 連線資料庫的使用者名稱 'PASSWORD': 'felixwang', # 連線資料庫的密碼 'HOST': '127.0.0.1', # 連線主機，預設本級 'PORT': 3306 # 埠 預設3306 } } # Password validation # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [ { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator', }, ] # Internationalization # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/i18n/ # LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us' # 語言 LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans' # TIME_ZONE = 'UTC' # 時區 TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai' USE_I18N = True USE_L10N = True # 不考慮時區 USE_TZ = False # Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images) # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/static-files/ STATIC_URL = '/static/' STATICFILES_DIRS = [ os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static") ] # 自定義引數 EACH_PAGE_BLOGS_NUMBER = 7settings.py
3、注意點
（1）、django通過月份查詢時可能會遇到無法查詢到內容的問題。
可以在settings中設定
# 不考慮時區 USE_TZ = False
用來不考慮時區
（2）、django中的查詢擴充套件
