Linux伺服器-使用mysql
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-01
使用mysql
1、登入，可以用密碼登入，也可以不用密碼登入。命令格式“mysql –u 使用者名稱 –p 密碼”
[[email protected] src]# mysql -u root –p //有密碼登入
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
[[email protected] src]# mysql -u root //無密碼登入
2、退出，命令“quit”
[
3、建立資料庫，命令“create database 資料庫名稱;”，注意這個命令後面有分號
mysql> create database test1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
4、檢視資料庫，命令“show databases;”
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
| test1 |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
5、刪除資料庫，命令“drop database 資料庫名稱;”
mysql> drop database test1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
6、設定許可權
mysql允許給某個特定的使用者賦予指定的權利，而且可以指定在某臺機器上使用。Mysql的許可權如下
許可權 資料庫 Table Column 說明
all privileges √ 所有權利
alter √ √ 增減、刪除、修改列
create √ √ 建立資料庫、表
delete √ √ 刪除行
drop √ √ 刪除表、資料庫
file √ 操作檔案
index √ √ 索引
insert √ √ √ 插入
process √ 檢視執行緒、連線
reference √ 建立外來鍵
reload √ 重新載入，擁有此許可權可以重新整理表
select √ √ √ 選擇
shutdown √ 關閉
update √ √ √ 更新
usage √ 無許可權，只能連線
1）授權使用者許可權，命令格式“grant 許可權 on 資料庫檔案 to 使用者名稱@ip identified by ‘密碼’;”。在使用grant的時候，如果使用者不存在，那麼久建立使用者。
//給david在本機授權插入功能，密碼123456，只能對test01操作
mysql> grant insert on test01.* to [email protected] identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
//給david所有許可權，在所有的主機都可以操作，而且可以操作任意資料庫
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to [email protected]'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
2）檢視當前資料庫所有授權情況，命令“select host，user from mysql.user”
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;
+-----------------------+-------+
| host | user |
+-----------------------+-------+
| % | david |
| 127.0.0.1 | root |
| localhost | |
| localhost | david |
| localhost | root |
| localhost.localdomain | |
| localhost.localdomain | root |
+-----------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
3）檢視當前登入使用者的權利，命令“show grants”
mysql> show grants;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for [email protected] |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*1256939B1977AFF6C3D114C5594EE354EF363A8B' WITH GRANT OPTION |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
4）檢視某個使用者在某臺機器的許可權，命令“show grants for [email protected]”
mysql> show grants for [email protected];
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for [email protected] |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'david'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9' |
| GRANT INSERT ON `test01`.* TO 'david'@'localhost' |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
5）刪除使用者的許可權，命令“revoke 許可權 on 資料庫檔案 from [email protected]”
mysql> revoke all privileges on *.* from [email protected]'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for [email protected]; //刪除之後檢視一下
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for [email protected] |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'david'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9' |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
6）刪除使用者，命令“delete from user where user=‘username’”
mysql> use mysql; //首先要呼叫這個命令
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> delete from user where user='david'; //刪除使用者
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user; //檢視使用者
+-----------------------+------+
| host | user |
+-----------------------+------+
| 127.0.0.1 | root |
| localhost | |
| localhost | root |
| localhost.localdomain | |
| localhost.localdomain | root |
+-----------------------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
做了一個Linux學習的平臺，目前出來一個雛形，各位可以參考使用
連結:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1GOLVU2CbpBNGtunztVpaCQ 密碼:n7bk
1、登入，可以用密碼登入，也可以不用密碼登入。命令格式“mysql –u 使用者名稱 –p 密碼”
[[email protected] src]# mysql -u root –p //有密碼登入
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
[[email protected] src]# mysql -u root //無密碼登入
2、退出，命令“quit”
[
3、建立資料庫，命令“create database 資料庫名稱;”，注意這個命令後面有分號
mysql> create database test1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
4、檢視資料庫，命令“show databases;”
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
| test1 |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
5、刪除資料庫，命令“drop database 資料庫名稱;”
mysql> drop database test1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
6、設定許可權
mysql允許給某個特定的使用者賦予指定的權利，而且可以指定在某臺機器上使用。Mysql的許可權如下
許可權 資料庫 Table Column 說明
all privileges √ 所有權利
alter √ √ 增減、刪除、修改列
create √ √ 建立資料庫、表
delete √ √ 刪除行
drop √ √ 刪除表、資料庫
file √ 操作檔案
index √ √ 索引
insert √ √ √ 插入
process √ 檢視執行緒、連線
reference √ 建立外來鍵
reload √ 重新載入，擁有此許可權可以重新整理表
select √ √ √ 選擇
shutdown √ 關閉
update √ √ √ 更新
usage √ 無許可權，只能連線
1）授權使用者許可權，命令格式“grant 許可權 on 資料庫檔案 to 使用者名稱@ip identified by ‘密碼’;”。在使用grant的時候，如果使用者不存在，那麼久建立使用者。
//給david在本機授權插入功能，密碼123456，只能對test01操作
mysql> grant insert on test01.* to [email protected] identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
//給david所有許可權，在所有的主機都可以操作，而且可以操作任意資料庫
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to [email protected]'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
2）檢視當前資料庫所有授權情況，命令“select host，user from mysql.user”
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;
+-----------------------+-------+
| host | user |
+-----------------------+-------+
| % | david |
| 127.0.0.1 | root |
| localhost | |
| localhost | david |
| localhost | root |
| localhost.localdomain | |
| localhost.localdomain | root |
+-----------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
3）檢視當前登入使用者的權利，命令“show grants”
mysql> show grants;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for [email protected] |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*1256939B1977AFF6C3D114C5594EE354EF363A8B' WITH GRANT OPTION |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
4）檢視某個使用者在某臺機器的許可權，命令“show grants for [email protected]”
mysql> show grants for [email protected];
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for [email protected] |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'david'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9' |
| GRANT INSERT ON `test01`.* TO 'david'@'localhost' |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
5）刪除使用者的許可權，命令“revoke 許可權 on 資料庫檔案 from [email protected]”
mysql> revoke all privileges on *.* from [email protected]'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for [email protected]; //刪除之後檢視一下
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for [email protected] |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'david'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9' |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
6）刪除使用者，命令“delete from user where user=‘username’”
mysql> use mysql; //首先要呼叫這個命令
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> delete from user where user='david'; //刪除使用者
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user; //檢視使用者
+-----------------------+------+
| host | user |
+-----------------------+------+
| 127.0.0.1 | root |
| localhost | |
| localhost | root |
| localhost.localdomain | |
| localhost.localdomain | root |
+-----------------------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
做了一個Linux學習的平臺，目前出來一個雛形，各位可以參考使用
連結:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1GOLVU2CbpBNGtunztVpaCQ 密碼:n7bk