基於註釋的Spring Security實戰指南
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《基於註釋的Spring Security實戰指南》
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一、準備工作
預準備的工具及軟體有:
1. Eclipse IDE:我使用Eclipse JEE 3.7版,即eclipse-jee-indigo-SR2-win32-x86_64.zip
2. JDK 7:我使用JDK 7u4版,即jdk-7u4-windows-x64.exe
3. Spring Framework:我使用Spring Framework 3.1.2版,即spring-framework-3.1.2.RELEASE-with-docs.zip
4. Spring Security:我使用
5. 其它JAR包:jstl-1.2.jar,commons-logging-1.1.1.jar,cglib-nodep-2.2.jar
6. Tomcat應用伺服器:我使用Tomcat 7.0.29版,即apache-tomcat-7.0.29-windows-x64.zip
說明:
1. Eclipse IDE和JDK 7的版本可以更高一些,不影響開發和除錯。
2. Eclipse一定要下載
3. Eclipse、JDK和Tomcat的安裝過程省略。
4. 我的作業系統是64位版本,故開發環境對應的工具都是下載64位的安裝包。
二、新建專案
在Eclipse環境下新建Dynamic Web Project。
專案名為:SpringSecurityDemo,
Target runtime選擇New Runtime,然後選擇Apache Tomcat v7.0,並設定好Tomcat的安裝目錄。
連續點選兩次Next,在“Generate web.xml deployment descriptor”處打勾選擇,並點選Finish。
三、新增庫檔案
把下列JAR檔案新增到專案的WebContent\WEB-INF\lib目錄下。
四、業務層開發
1. 在專案src處,新建com.ch.configuration包,並新建WebConfig.java類,內容如下:
package com.ch.configuration;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;@EnableWebMvc@Configuration@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.jverstry")@ImportResource("/WEB-INF/MyServlet-security.xml")public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter { @Bean public ViewResolver getViewResolver() { InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver(); resolver.setPrefix("WEB-INF/pages/"); resolver.setSuffix(".jsp"); return resolver; }}
2. 新建com.ch.configuration.controller包,並新建MyController.java類,內容如下:
package com.ch.configuration.controller;import com.ch.configuration.service.MyService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;@Controllerpublic class MyController { private MyService myService; @Autowired public void setMyService(MyService myService) { this.myService = myService; } @RequestMapping(value = "/") public String home() { return "index"; } @RequestMapping(value = "/getTime") public String helloWorld(Model model) { model.addAttribute("TimeIs", myService.getCurrentTimeInMilliseconds()); return "getTime"; }}
3. 新建com.ch.configuration.service包,並新建MyService.java介面類,內容如下:
package com.ch.configuration.service;public interface MyService { long getCurrentTimeInMilliseconds();}
4. 在com.ch.configuration.service包新建MyServiceImpl.java類,內容如下:
package com.ch.configuration.service;public class MyServiceImpl implements MyService { @Override public long getCurrentTimeInMilliseconds() { return System.currentTimeMillis(); }}
5. 在com.ch.configuration.service包新建MyServicesConfiguration.java類,內容如下:
package com.ch.configuration.service;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configurationpublic class MyServicesConfiguration { private MyService myService = new MyServiceImpl(); @Bean public MyService getMyService() { return myService; }}
五、前臺頁面層開發
1. 在WebContent\WEB-INF目錄新建pages資料夾,接著在pages目錄下新建getTime.jsp檔案,內容如下:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Get Time !!!</title></head><body> The time in milliseconds is: <c:out value="${TimeIs}" /> !</body></html>
2. 在pages目錄下新建index.jsp檔案,內容如下:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Welcome !!!</title></head><body> <h1>Welcome To Spring MVC With Annotations !!!</h1> <h1>(with login...)</h1></body></html>
3. 修改WEB-INF下的web.xml檔案,內容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <display-name>SpringSecurityDemo</display-name> <context-param> <param-name>contextClass</param-name> <param-value>org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext</param-value> </context-param> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>com.ch.configuration</param-value> </context-param> <filter> <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <servlet> <servlet-name>MyServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value></param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>MyServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file></welcome-file> </welcome-file-list></web-app>
4. 在WEB-INF下新建MyServlet-security.xml檔案,內容如下:
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd"> <http auto-config="true"> <intercept-url pattern="/*" access="ROLE_USER" /> </http> <authentication-manager alias="authenticationManager"> <authentication-provider> <user-service> <user authorities="ROLE_USER" name="guest" password="guest" /> </user-service> </authentication-provider> </authentication-manager></beans:beans>
至此,Demo專案的開發已經完成。專案的整體結構圖如圖所示:
六、部署和執行
1. 在Eclipse選擇專案SpringSecurityDemo,右鍵選擇“Run As”,再選擇“Run on Server”,選擇Apache Tomcat v7.0,Eclipse IDE自動完成部署並執行。
在瀏覽器上輸入地址:http://localhost:8080/SpringSecurityDemo/
顯示如下:
注:地址自動被重定向到http://localhost:8080/SpringSecurityDemo/spring_security_login
User/Password輸入guest/guest,顯示:
如果輸入錯誤,顯示:
OK!本文就到這裡,對於Spring的註釋,可以參考官方文件加以理解。