IOC、AOP——Spring詳解
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-12
先來說一下書面表達：
IOC（控制反轉）：Ioc—Inversion of Control，即“控制反轉”，不是什麼技術，而是一種設計思想，
IOC可以在本專案中發現，當我們需要增加新的功能的時候，就可以通過介面的另外的實現類，實現功能新增的作用，極大的 減少了程式碼的耦合度。
AOP（面向切面）：
(1)Aspect(切面):通常是一個類，裡面可以定義切入點和通知
(2)JointPoint(連線點):程式執行過程中明確的點，一般是方法的呼叫
(3)Advice(通知):AOP在特定的切入點上執行的增強處理，有before,after,afterReturning,afterThrowing,around
(4)Pointcut(切入點):就是帶有通知的連線點，在程式中主要體現為書寫切入點表示式
(5)AOP代理：AOP框架建立的物件，代理就是目標物件的加強。Spring中的AOP代理可以使JDK動態代理，也可以是CGLIB代理，前者基於介面，後者基於子類
例項搭建過程：
1、建立maven web專案
2、編寫pom.xml檔案，以便於匯入jar包
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.test</groupId> <artifactId>springDemo</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>springDemo Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.3.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>4.3.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.3.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.3.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId> <version>4.2.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId> <version>4.2.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId> <version>4.2.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-ldap</artifactId> <version>4.2.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-acl</artifactId> <version>4.2.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-cas</artifactId> <version>4.2.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-taglibs</artifactId> <version>4.2.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>4.3.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId> <version>1.7.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.7.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>4.2.21.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactId> <version>4.2.21.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> <version>4.3.2.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.38</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId> <artifactId>hamcrest-all</artifactId> <version>1.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.7.20</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId> <artifactId>thymeleaf</artifactId> <version>3.0.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId> <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring4</artifactId> <version>3.0.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>springDemo</finalName> </build> </project>
2、配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!-- 設定監聽器監聽各部分的執行 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 定位配置檔案 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value> </context-param> </web-app>
3、配置spring.xml檔案（手動裝配bean）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!-- 裝配bean -->
<bean id="helloWorld" class="test.DaoImpl"></bean>
<bean id = "gohome" class = "test.Dao1Impl"></bean>
</beans>4、編寫測試類
package springDemo;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import test.Dao;
/**
* @author HRX
* @version 建立時間：2018年9月9日 下午4:41:07
* 類說明
*/
public class DaoTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
Dao dao = (Dao) app.getBean("gohome");
dao.speak();
}
}