C#呼叫C/C++動態庫 封送結構體,結構體陣列
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-12-18
一. 結構體的傳遞
Cpp程式碼
- #define JNAAPI extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) // C方式匯出函式
- typedef struct
- {
- int osVersion;
- int majorVersion;
- int minorVersion;
- int buildNum;
- int platFormId;
- char szVersion[128];
- }OSINFO;
- // 1. 獲取版本資訊(傳遞結構體指標)
- JNAAPI bool GetVersionPtr( OSINFO *info );
- // 2.獲取版本資訊(傳遞結構體引用)
- JNAAPI bool GetVersionRef(OSINFO &info);
可以通過二種方式來呼叫:
C#程式碼
- // OSINFO定義
- [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
- public struct OSINFO
- {
- public int osVersion;
- public int majorVersion;
- public int minorVersion;
- public int buildNum;
- public int platFormId;
- [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 128)]
- public string szVersion;
- }
1. 方式一(傳入結構體引用),在C#中,結構體是以傳值方式傳遞,類才是以傳地址方式傳遞,加關鍵字ref即可. C端傳遞了兩種不同型別的引數,都可以通過引用來解決.
C#程式碼
- [DllImport("jnalib.dll", EntryPoint = "GetVersionPtr")]
- public static extern bool GetVersionPtr(ref OSINFO info);
- public static extern bool GetVersionRef(ref OSINFO info);
2. 方式二(傳入IntPtr(平臺通用指標))
Cpp程式碼
- IntPtr pv = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(148); //結構體在使用時一定要分配空間(4*sizeof(int)+128)
- Marshal.WriteInt32(pv,148); //向記憶體塊裡寫入數值
- if (GetVersionPtr(pv)) //直接以非託管記憶體塊地址為引數
- {
- Console.WriteLine("--osVersion:{0}", Marshal.ReadInt32(pv, 0));
- Console.WriteLine("--Major:{0}",Marshal.ReadInt32(pv, 4)); //移動4個位元組
- Console.WriteLine("--BuildNum: " + Marshal.ReadInt32(pv, 12));
- Console.WriteLine("--szVersion: "+Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi((IntPtr)(pv.ToInt32()+20)));
- }
- Marshal.FreeHGlobal(pv); //處理完記得釋放記憶體
二.結構體陣列的傳遞
Cpp程式碼
- // 傳遞結構體指標
- JNAAPI bool GetVersionArray(OSINFO *info,int nLen);
呼叫程式碼:
C#程式碼
- /**
- * C#介面,對於包含陣列型別,只能傳遞IntPtr
- */
- [DllImport("jnalib.dll", EntryPoint = "GetVersionArray")]
- public static extern bool GetVersionArray(IntPtr p, int nLen);
- // 源目標引數
- OSINFO[] infos = new OSINFO[2];
- for (int i = 0; i < infos.Length; i++)
- {
- infos[i] = new OSINFO();
- }
- IntPtr[] ptArr = new IntPtr[1];
- ptArr[0] = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(OSINFO)) * 2); //分配包含兩個元素的陣列
- IntPtr pt = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(OSINFO)));
- Marshal.Copy(ptArr, 0, pt, 1); //拷貝指標陣列
- GetVersionArray(pt, 2); //呼叫
- //還原成結構體陣列
- for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
- {
- infos[i]=(OSINFO)Marshal.PtrToStructure((IntPtr)(pt.ToInt32()+i*Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(OSINFO))),typeof(OSINFO));
- Console.WriteLine("OsVersion:{0} szVersion:{1}", infos[i].osVersion, infos[i].szVersion);
- }
三. 複雜結構體的傳遞
1. 輸出引數,結構體作為指標傳出
Cpp程式碼
- typedef struct
- {
- char name[20];
- int age;
- double scores[30];
- }Student;
- // Class中包含結構體陣列型別
- typedef struct
- {
- int number;
- Student students[50];
- }Class;
- // 傳入複雜結構體測試
- JNAAPI int GetClass(Class *pClass,int len);
Cpp程式碼
- // 介面定義
- [DllImport("jnalib.dll", EntryPoint = "GetClass")]
- public static extern int GetClass(IntPtr pv,int len);
- // 結構體定義
- // Student
- [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
- public struct Student
- {
- [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr,SizeConst=20)]
- public string name;
- public int age;
- [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 30)]
- public double[] scores;
- }
- // Class
- [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
- public struct Class
- {
- public int number;
- [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 50)] // 指定陣列尺寸
- public Student[] students; // 結構體陣列定義
- }
- // 呼叫複雜結構體測試
- int size = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(Class)) * 50;
- IntPtr pBuff = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(size); // 直接分配50個元素的空間,比Marshal.copy方便多了
- GetClass(pBuff, 50);
- Class[] pClass = new Class[50];
- for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++)
- {
- IntPtr ptr = new IntPtr(pBuff.ToInt64() + Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(Class)) * i);
- pClass[i] = (Class)Marshal.PtrToStructure(ptr, typeof(Class));
- }
- Marshal.FreeHGlobal(pBuff); // 釋放記憶體
2. 輸入引數, 給複雜結構體賦值後作為輸入引數傳入
對於比較大的結構體指標,無法直接應用結構體型別,轉化成IntPtr型別, 此時需要將原生型別轉化為指標,並給指標賦值
呼叫方法: Marshal.StructureToPtr(stu, ptr1, true)