教程丨Python繪圖之動態簡潔時鐘
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-24
效果圖圖如下
作者： 路飛
閱讀文字大概需要 2 分鐘。
環境準備
執行平臺： Windows 7 旗艦版
Python版本： Python 3.6.4
IDE： Python自帶的IDLE
時間飛快的流逝，唯獨現在，我有一種想對愛因斯坦發牢騷的心情。時間根據每個人的主觀感受，既會變長，也會變短，相對論真是個既浪漫又傷感的東西呢。
繪製程式碼
import turtle
from datetime import *
# 畫筆向前運動一段距離停下
def Skip(step):
turtle.penup()
turtle.forward(step)
turtle.pendown()
def mkHand(name, length):
# 註冊Turtle形狀，建立錶針Turtle
turtle.reset()
Skip(-length * 0.1)
# 開始記錄多邊形的頂點
turtle.begin_poly()
turtle.forward(length * 1.1)
# 停止記錄多邊形的頂點
turtle.end_poly()
# 返回最後記錄的多邊形
handForm = turtle.get_poly()
turtle.register_shape(name, handForm)
def Init():
global secHand, minHand, hurHand, printer
# 重置Turtle指向北
turtle.mode("logo")
# 建立三個錶針Turtle並初始化
mkHand("secHand", 135)
mkHand("minHand", 125)
mkHand("hurHand", 90)
secHand = turtle.Turtle()
secHand.shape("secHand")
minHand = turtle.Turtle()
minHand.shape("minHand")
hurHand = turtle.Turtle()
hurHand.shape("hurHand")
for hand in secHand, minHand, hurHand:
hand.shapesize(1, 1, 3)
hand.speed(0)
# 建立輸出文字Turtle
printer = turtle.Turtle()
# 隱藏畫筆的turtle形狀
printer.hideturtle()
printer.penup()
def SetupClock(radius):
# 建立表的外框
turtle.reset()
turtle.pensize(7)
for i in range(60):
Skip(radius)
if i % 5 == 0:
turtle.forward(20)
Skip(-radius - 20)
Skip(radius + 20)
if i == 0:
turtle.write(int(12), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
elif i == 30:
Skip(25)
turtle.write(int(i/5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
Skip(-25)
elif (i == 25 or i == 35):
Skip(20)
turtle.write(int(i/5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
Skip(-20)
else:
turtle.write(int(i/5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
Skip(-radius - 20)
else:
turtle.dot(5)
Skip(-radius)
turtle.right(6)
def Week(t):
week = ["星期一", "星期二", "星期三",
"星期四", "星期五", "星期六", "星期日"]
return week[t.weekday()]
def Date(t):
y = t.year
m = t.month
d = t.day
return "%s %d %d" % (y, m, d)
def Tick():
# 繪製錶針的動態顯示
t = datetime.today()
second = t.second + t.microsecond * 0.000001
minute = t.minute + second / 60.0
hour = t.hour + minute / 60.0
secHand.setheading(6 * second)
minHand.setheading(6 * minute)
hurHand.setheading(30 * hour)
turtle.tracer(False)
printer.forward(65)
printer.write(Week(t), align="center",
font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
printer.back(130)
printer.write(Date(t), align="center",
font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
printer.home()
turtle.tracer(True)
# 100ms後繼續呼叫tick
turtle.ontimer(Tick, 100)
def main():
# 開啟/關閉龜動畫，併為更新圖紙設定延遲
turtle.tracer(False)
Init()
SetupClock(160)
turtle.tracer(True)
Tick()
turtle.mainloop()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
執行結果
