[強化學習]OpenAI官方釋出：強化學習中的關鍵論文
【導讀】OpenAI 在教學資源合集 Spinning Up中釋出了強化學習中的關鍵論文，列舉了強化學習不同領域的代表性文章來指導研究者的學習。此外Spinning Up 包含清晰的 RL 程式碼示例、習題、文件和教程可供參考。
1. Model-Free RL
2. Exploration
3. Transfer and Multitask RL
4. Hierarchy
5. Memory
6. Model-Based RL
7. Meta-RL
8. Scaling RL
9. RL in the Real World
10. Safety
11. Imitation Learning and Inverse Reinforcement Learning
12. Reproducibility, Analysis, and Critique
13. Bonus: Classic Papers in RL Theory or Review
1. Model-Free RL
a. Deep Q-Learning
[1] Playing Atari with Deep Reinforcement Learning, Mnih et al, 2013. Algorithm: DQN.
https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~vmnih/docs/dqn.pdf
[2] Deep Recurrent Q-Learning for Partially Observable MDPs, Hausknecht and Stone, 2015. Algorithm: Deep Recurrent Q-Learning.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1507.06527
[3] Dueling Network Architectures for Deep Reinforcement Learning, Wang et al, 2015. Algorithm: Dueling DQN.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.06581
[4] Deep Reinforcement Learning with Double Q-learning, Hasselt et al 2015. Algorithm: Double DQN.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1509.06461
[5] Prioritized Experience Replay, Schaul et al, 2015. Algorithm: Prioritized Experience Replay (PER).
https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.05952
[6] Rainbow: Combining Improvements in Deep Reinforcement Learning, Hessel et al, 2017. Algorithm: Rainbow DQN.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.02298
b. Policy Gradients
[7] Asynchronous Methods for Deep Reinforcement Learning, Mnih et al, 2016. Algorithm: A3C.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.01783
[8] Trust Region Policy Optimization, Schulman et al, 2015. Algorithm: TRPO.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1502.05477
[9] High-Dimensional Continuous Control Using Generalized Advantage Estimation, Schulman et al, 2015. Algorithm: GAE.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.02438
[10] Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms, Schulman et al, 2017. Algorithm: PPO-Clip, PPO-Penalty.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.06347
[11] Emergence of Locomotion Behaviours in Rich Environments, Heess et al, 2017. Algorithm: PPO-Penalty.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.02286
[12] Scalable trust-region method for deep reinforcement learning using Kronecker-factored approximation, Wu et al, 2017. Algorithm: ACKTR.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.05144
[13] Sample Efficient Actor-Critic with Experience Replay, Wang et al, 2016. Algorithm: ACER.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.01224
[14] Soft Actor-Critic: Off-Policy Maximum Entropy Deep Reinforcement Learning with a Stochastic Actor, Haarnoja et al, 2018. Algorithm: SAC.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.01290
c. Deterministic Policy Gradients
[15] Deterministic Policy Gradient Algorithms, Silver et al, 2014. Algorithm: DPG.
http://proceedings.mlr.press/v32/silver14.pdf
[16] Continuous Control With Deep Reinforcement Learning, Lillicrap et al, 2015. Algorithm: DDPG.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1509.02971
[17] Addressing Function Approximation Error in Actor-Critic Methods, Fujimoto et al, 2018. Algorithm: TD3.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.09477
d. Distributional RL
[18] A Distributional Perspective on Reinforcement Learning, Bellemare et al, 2017. Algorithm: C51.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.06887
[19] Distributional Reinforcement Learning with Quantile Regression, Dabney et al, 2017. Algorithm: QR-DQN.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.10044
[20] Implicit Quantile Networks for Distributional Reinforcement Learning, Dabney et al, 2018. Algorithm: IQN.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.06923
[21] Dopamine: A Research Framework for Deep Reinforcement Learning, Anonymous, 2018. Contribution: Introduces Dopamine, a code repository containing implementations of DQN, C51, IQN, and Rainbow. Code link.
https://openreview.net/forum?id=ByG_3s09KX
e. Policy Gradients with Action-Dependent Baselines
[22] Q-Prop: Sample-Efficient Policy Gradient with An Off-Policy Critic, Gu et al, 2016. Algorithm: Q-Prop.
[23] Action-depedent Control Variates for Policy Optimization via Stein’s Identity, Liu et al, 2017. Algorithm: Stein Control Variates.
[24] The Mirage of Action-Dependent Baselines in Reinforcement Learning, Tucker et al, 2018. Contribution: interestingly, critiques and reevaluates claims from earlier papers (including Q-Prop and stein control variates) and finds important methodological errors in them.
f. Path-Consistency Learning
[25] Bridging the Gap Between Value and Policy Based Reinforcement Learning, Nachum et al, 2017. Algorithm: PCL.
[26] Trust-PCL: An Off-Policy Trust Region Method for Continuous Control, Nachum et al, 2017. Algorithm: Trust-PCL.
g. Other Directions for Combining Policy-Learning and Q-Learning
[27] Combining Policy Gradient and Q-learning, O’Donoghue et al, 2016. Algorithm: PGQL.
[28] The Reactor: A Fast and Sample-Efficient Actor-Critic Agent for Reinforcement Learning, Gruslys et al, 2017. Algorithm: Reactor.
[29] Interpolated Policy Gradient: Merging On-Policy and Off-Policy Gradient Estimation for Deep Reinforcement Learning, Gu et al, 2017. Algorithm: IPG.
[30] Equivalence Between Policy Gradients and Soft Q-Learning, Schulman et al, 2017. Contribution: Reveals a theoretical link between these two families of RL algorithms.
h. Evolutionary Algorithms
[31] Evolution Strategies as a Scalable Alternative to Reinforcement Learning, Salimans et al, 2017. Algorithm: ES.
2. Exploration
a. Intrinsic Motivation
[32] VIME: Variational Information Maximizing Exploration, Houthooft et al, 2016. Algorithm: VIME.
[33] Unifying Count-Based Exploration and Intrinsic Motivation, Bellemare et al, 2016. Algorithm: CTS-based Pseudocounts.
[34] Count-Based Exploration with Neural Density Models, Ostrovski et al, 2017. Algorithm: PixelCNN-based Pseudocounts.
[35] #Exploration: A Study of Count-Based Exploration for Deep Reinforcement Learning, Tang et al, 2016. Algorithm: Hash-based Counts.
[36] EX2: Exploration with Exemplar Models for Deep Reinforcement Learning, Fu et al, 2017. Algorithm: EX2.
[37] Curiosity-driven Exploration by Self-supervised Prediction, Pathak et al, 2017. Algorithm: Intrinsic Curiosity Module (ICM).
[38] Large-Scale Study of Curiosity-Driven Learning, Burda et al, 2018. Contribution: Systematic analysis of how surprisal-based intrinsic motivation performs in a wide variety of environments.
[39] Exploration by Random Network Distillation, Burda et al, 2018. Algorithm: RND.
b. Unsupervised RL
[40] Variational Intrinsic Control, Gregor et al, 2016. Algorithm: VIC.
[41] Diversity is All You Need: Learning Skills without a Reward Function, Eysenbach et al, 2018. Algorithm: DIAYN.
[42] Variational Option Discovery Algorithms, Achiam et al, 2018. Algorithm: VALOR.
3. Transfer and Multitask RL
[43] Progressive Neural Networks, Rusu et al, 2016. Algorithm: Progressive Networks.
[44] Universal Value Function Approximators, Schaul et al, 2015. Algorithm: UVFA.
[45] Reinforcement Learning with Unsupervised Auxiliary Tasks, Jaderberg et al, 2016. Algorithm: UNREAL.
[46] The Intentional Unintentional Agent: Learning to Solve Many Continuous Control Tasks Simultaneously, Cabi et al, 2017. Algorithm: IU Agent.
[47] PathNet: Evolution Channels Gradient Descent in Super Neural Networks, Fernando et al, 2017. Algorithm: PathNet.
[48] Mutual Alignment Transfer Learning, Wulfmeier et al, 2017. Algorithm: MATL.
[49] Learning an Embedding Space for Transferable Robot Skills, Hausman et al, 2018.
[50] Hindsight Experience Replay, Andrychowicz et al, 2017. Algorithm: Hindsight Experience Replay (HER).
4. Hierarchy
[51] Strategic Attentive Writer for Learning Macro-Actions, Vezhnevets et al, 2016. Algorithm: STRAW.
[52] FeUdal Networks for Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning, Vezhnevets et al, 2017. Algorithm: Feudal Networks
[53] Data-Efficient Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning, Nachum et al, 2018. Algorithm: HIRO.
5. Memory
[54] Model-Free Episodic Control, Blundell et al, 2016. Algorithm: MFEC.
[55] Neural Episodic Control, Pritzel et al, 2017. Algorithm: NEC.
[56] Neural Map: Structured Memory for Deep Reinforcement Learning, Parisotto and Salakhutdinov, 2017. Algorithm: Neural Map.
[57] Unsupervised Predictive Memory in a Goal-Directed Agent, Wayne et al, 2018. Algorithm: MERLIN.
[58] Relational Recurrent Neural Networks, Santoro et al, 2018. Algorithm: RMC.
6. Model-Based RL
a. Model is Learned
[59] Imagination-Augmented Agents for Deep Reinforcement Learning, Weber et al, 2017. Algorithm: I2A.
[60] Neural Network Dynamics for Model-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning with Model-Free Fine-Tuning, Nagabandi et al, 2017. Algorithm: MBMF.
[61] Model-Based Value Expansion for Efficient Model-Free Reinforcement Learning, Feinberg et al, 2018. Algorithm: MVE.
[62] Sample-Efficient Reinforcement Learning with Stochastic Ensemble Value Expansion, Buckman et al, 2018. Algorithm: STEVE.
[63] Model-Ensemble Trust-Region Policy Optimization, Kurutach et al, 2018. Algorithm: ME-TRPO.
[64] Model-Based Reinforcement Learning via Meta-Policy Optimization, Clavera et al, 2018. Algorithm: MB-MPO.
[65] Recurrent World Models Facilitate Policy Evolution, Ha and Schmidhuber, 2018.
b. Model is Given
[66] Mastering Chess and Shogi by Self-Play with a General Reinforcement Learning Algorithm, Silver et al, 2017. Algorithm: AlphaZero.
[67] Thinking Fast and Slow with Deep Learning and Tree Search, Anthony et al, 2017. Algorithm: ExIt.
7. Meta-RL
[68] RL^2: Fast Reinforcement Learning via Slow Reinforcement Learning, Duan et al, 2016. Algorithm: RL^2.
[69] Learning to Reinforcement Learn, Wang et al, 2016.
[70] Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning for Fast Adaptation of Deep Networks, Finn et al, 2017. Algorithm: MAML.
[71] A Simple Neural Attentive Meta-Learner, Mishra et al, 2018. Algorithm: SNAIL.
8. Scaling RL
[72] Accelerated Methods for Deep Reinforcement Learning, Stooke and Abbeel, 2018. Contribution: Systematic analysis of parallelization in deep RL across algorithms.
[73] IMPALA: Scalable Distributed Deep-RL with Importance Weighted Actor-Learner Architectures, Espeholt et al, 2018. Algorithm: IMPALA.
[74] Distributed Prioritized Experience Replay, Horgan et al, 2018. Algorithm: Ape-X.
[75] Recurrent Experience Replay in Distributed Reinforcement Learning, Anonymous, 2018. Algorithm: R2D2.
[76] RLlib: Abstractions for Distributed Reinforcement Learning, Liang et al, 2017. Contribution: A scalable library of RL algorithm implementations. Documentation link.
9. RL in the Real World
[77] Benchmarking Reinforcement Learning Algorithms on Real-World Robots, Mahmood et al, 2018.
[78] Learning Dexterous In-Hand Manipulation, OpenAI, 2018.
[79] QT-Opt: Scalable Deep Reinforcement Learning for Vision-Based Robotic Manipulation, Kalashnikov et al, 2018. Algorithm: QT-Opt.
[80] Horizon: Facebook’s Open Source Applied Reinforcement Learning Platform, Gauci et al, 2018.
10. Safety
[81] Concrete Problems in AI Safety, Amodei et al, 2016. Contribution: establishes a taxonomy of safety problems, serving as an important jumping-off point for future research. We need to solve these!
[82] Deep Reinforcement Learning From Human Preferences, Christiano et al, 2017. Algorithm: LFP.
[83] Constrained Policy Optimization, Achiam et al, 2017. Algorithm: CPO.
[84] Safe Exploration in Continuous Action Spaces, Dalal et al, 2018. Algorithm: DDPG+Safety Layer.
[85] Trial without Error: Towards Safe Reinforcement Learning via Human Intervention, Saunders et al, 2017. Algorithm: HIRL.
[86] Leave No Trace: Learning to Reset for Safe and Autonomous Reinforcement Learning, Eysenbach et al, 2017. Algorithm: Leave No Trace.
11. Imitation Learning and Inverse Reinforcement Learning
[87] Modeling Purposeful Adaptive Behavior with the Principle of Maximum Causal Entropy, Ziebart 2010. Contributions: Crisp formulation of maximum entropy IRL.
[88] Guided Cost Learning: Deep Inverse Optimal Control via Policy Optimization, Finn et al, 2016. Algorithm: GCL.
[89] Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning, Ho and Ermon, 2016. Algorithm: GAIL.
[90] DeepMimic: Example-Guided Deep Reinforcement Learning of Physics-Based Character Skills, Peng et al, 2018. Algorithm: DeepMimic.
[91] Variational Discriminator Bottleneck: Improving Imitation Learning, Inverse RL, and GANs by Constraining Information Flow, Peng et al, 2018. Algorithm: VAIL.
[92] One-Shot High-Fidelity Imitation: Training Large-Scale Deep Nets with RL, Le Paine et al, 2018. Algorithm: MetaMimic.
12. Reproducibility, Analysis, and Critique
[93] Benchmarking Deep Reinforcement Learning for Continuous Control, Duan et al, 2016. Contribution: rllab.
[94] Reproducibility of Benchmarked Deep Reinforcement Learning Tasks for Continuous Control, Islam et al, 2017.
[95] Deep Reinforcement Learning that Matters, Henderson et al, 2017.
[96] Where Did My Optimum Go?: An Empirical Analysis of Gradient Descent Optimization in Policy Gradient Methods, Henderson et al, 2018.
[97] Are Deep Policy Gradient Algorithms Truly Policy Gradient Algorithms?, Ilyas et al, 2018.
[98] Simple Random Search Provides a Competitive Approach to Reinforcement Learning, Mania et al, 2018.
13. Bonus: Classic Papers in RL Theory or Review
[99] Policy Gradient Methods for Reinforcement Learning with Function Approximation, Sutton et al, 2000. Contributions: Established policy gradient theorem and showed convergence of policy gradient algorithm for arbitrary policy classes.
[100] An Analysis of Temporal-Difference Learning with Function Approximation, Tsitsiklis and Van Roy, 1997. Contributions: Variety of convergence results and counter-examples for value-learning methods in RL.
[101] Reinforcement Learning of Motor Skills with Policy Gradients, Peters and Schaal, 2008. Contributions: Thorough review of policy gradient methods at the time, many of which are still serviceable descriptions of deep RL methods.
[102] Approximately Optimal Approximate Reinforcement Learning, Kakade and Langford, 2002. Contributions: Early roots for monotonic improvement theory, later leading to theoretical justification for TRPO and other algorithms.
[103] A Natural Policy Gradient, Kakade, 2002. Contributions: Brought natural gradients into RL, later leading to TRPO, ACKTR, and several other methods in deep RL.
[104] Algorithms for Reinforcement Learning, Szepesvari, 2009. Contributions: Unbeatable reference on RL before deep RL, containing foundations and theoretical background.
參考連結：
https://spinningup.openai.com/en/latest/spinningup/keypapers.html
-END-
專 · 知
人工智慧領域26個主題知識資料全集獲取與加入專知人工智慧服務群: 歡迎微信掃一掃加入專知人工智慧知識星球群，獲取專業知識教程視訊資料和與專家交流諮詢！
請PC登入www.zhuanzhi.ai或者點選閱讀原文，註冊登入專知，獲取更多AI知識資料！
請加專知小助手微信（掃一掃如下二維碼新增），加入專知主題群（請備註主題型別：AI、NLP、CV、 KG等）交流~
請關注專知公眾號，獲取人工智慧的專業知識！
點選“閱讀原文”，使用專知