實現功能：

用Tensorflow實現Autoencoder，通過對圖片特徵的壓縮並解壓，將結果與原始資料進行對比，觀察處理過後的資料是不是和原始資料很相像。（這裡會用到MNIST資料）

 實現程式碼：

import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Import MNIST data
from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data
mnist = input_data.read_data_sets("/tmp/data", one_hot= False)

# Visualize decoder setting
# Parameter
learning_rate = 0.01
training_epochs = 5 # 五組訓練
batch_size = 256
display_step = 1
examples_to_show = 10

# Network Parameters
n_input = 784  # MNIST data input (img shape: 28*28)

# tf Graph input(only pictures)
X = tf.placeholder("float",[None, n_input])

# hidden layer settings
n_hidden_1 = 256 # 1st layer num features
n_hidden_2 = 128 # 2nd layer num features
weights = {
	'encoder_h1':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_input,n_hidden_1])),
	'encoder_h2': tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_1,n_hidden_2])),
	'decoder_h1': tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_2,n_hidden_1])),
	'decoder_h2': tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_1, n_input])),
	}
biases = {
	'encoder_b1': tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_1])),
	'encoder_b2': tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_2])),
	'decoder_b1': tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_1])),
	'decoder_b2': tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_input])),
	}

# Building the encoder
def encoder(x):
    # Encoder Hidden layer with sigmoid activation #1
    layer_1 = tf.nn.sigmoid(tf.add(tf.matmul(x, weights['encoder_h1']),
                                   biases['encoder_b1']))
    # encoder Hidden layer with sigmoid activation #2
    layer_2 = tf.nn.sigmoid(tf.add(tf.matmul(layer_1, weights['encoder_h2']),
                                   biases['encoder_b2']))
    return layer_2

# Building the decoder
def decoder(x):
    # decoder Hidden layer with sigmoid activation #1
    layer_1 = tf.nn.sigmoid(tf.add(tf.matmul(x, weights['decoder_h1']),
                                   biases['decoder_b1']))
    # Decoder Hidden layer with sigmoid activation #2
    layer_2 = tf.nn.sigmoid(tf.add(tf.matmul(layer_1, weights['decoder_h2']),
                                   biases['decoder_b2']))
    return layer_2

# Construct model
encoder_op = encoder(X) 			# 128 Features
decoder_op = decoder(encoder_op)	# 784 Features

# Prediction
y_pred = decoder_op	# After
# Targets (Labels) are the input data.
y_true = X			# Before

# Define loss and optimizer, minimize the squared error
cost = tf.reduce_mean(tf.pow(y_true - y_pred, 2))
optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(learning_rate).minimize(cost)

# Launch the graph
with tf.Session() as sess:
    # tf 馬上就要廢棄tf.initialize_all_variables()這種寫法
    # 替換成下面:
    sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())
    total_batch = int(mnist.train.num_examples/batch_size)
    # Training cycle
    for epoch in range(training_epochs):
        # Loop over all batches
        for i in range(total_batch):
            batch_xs, batch_ys = mnist.train.next_batch(batch_size)  # max(x) = 1, min(x) = 0
            # Run optimization op (backprop) and cost op (to get loss value)
            _, c = sess.run([optimizer, cost], feed_dict={X: batch_xs})
        # Display logs per epoch step
        if epoch % display_step == 0:
            print("Epoch:", '%04d' % (epoch+1),
                  "cost=", "{:.9f}".format(c))

    print("Optimization Finished!")

    # # Applying encode and decode over test set
    encode_decode = sess.run(
        y_pred, feed_dict={X: mnist.test.images[:examples_to_show]})
    # Compare original images with their reconstructions
    f, a = plt.subplots(2, 10, figsize=(10, 2))
    for i in range(examples_to_show):
        a[0][i].imshow(np.reshape(mnist.test.images[i], (28, 28)))
        a[1][i].imshow(np.reshape(encode_decode[i], (28, 28)))
    plt.show()
 

實現效果：

 第一行圖片是真實的minist資料集中的圖片。

第二行圖片是minist資料集中的圖片經過自動編碼器之後還原出來的圖片。

Reference：