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VM虛擬機器安裝CentOS7擴充套件儲存空間的方法

VM虛擬機器安裝CentOS7擴充套件儲存空間的方法
1.在關機狀態下,在Vm裡面設定系統大小到需要的數值 60G;
2.使用root許可權登陸linux,df -h檢視系統情況;

# fdisk -l

3.沒有找到掛載點,預設是/dev/sda必須要先試用fdisk格式化,初始化掛載磁碟才可以使用

# fdisk /dev/sda

具體如下所示:

[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l

磁碟 /dev/sda:64.4 GB, 64424509440 位元組,125829120 個扇區
Units = 扇區 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區大小(邏輯/物理):512 位元組 / 512 位元組
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 位元組 / 512 位元組
磁碟標籤型別:dos
磁碟識別符號:0x000a89c1

   裝置 Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200    41943039    19921920   8e  Linux LVM

磁碟 /dev/mapper/cl-root:18.2 GB, 18249416704 位元組,35643392 個扇區
Units = 扇區 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區大小(邏輯/物理):512 位元組 / 512 位元組
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 位元組 / 512 位元組


磁碟 /dev/mapper/cl-swap:2147 MB, 2147483648 位元組,4194304 個扇區
Units = 扇區 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區大小(邏輯/物理):512 位元組 / 512 位元組
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 位元組 / 512 位元組

[
[email protected]
~]# fdisk /dev/sda 歡迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。 更改將停留在記憶體中,直到您決定將更改寫入磁碟。 使用寫入命令前請三思。 命令(輸入 m 獲取幫助):p 磁碟 /dev/sda:64.4 GB, 64424509440 位元組,125829120 個扇區 Units = 扇區 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 扇區大小(邏輯/物理):512 位元組 / 512 位元組 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 位元組 / 512 位元組 磁碟標籤型別:dos 磁碟識別符號:0x000a89c1 裝置 Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2099200 41943039 19921920 8e Linux LVM 命令(輸入 m 獲取幫助):n Partition type: p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free) e extended Select (default p): p 分割槽號 (3,4,預設 3):3 起始 扇區 (41943040-125829119,預設為 41943040): 將使用預設值 41943040 Last 扇區, +扇區 or +size{K,M,G} (41943040-125829119,預設為 125829119): 將使用預設值 125829119 分割槽 3 已設定為 Linux 型別,大小設為 40 GiB 命令(輸入 m 獲取幫助):t 分割槽號 (1-3,預設 3):3 Hex 程式碼(輸入 L 列出所有程式碼):8e 已將分割槽“Linux”的型別更改為“Linux LVM” 命令(輸入 m 獲取幫助):w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 裝置或資源忙. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) 正在同步磁碟。 [
[email protected]
~]#

4.重啟機器;

[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l

磁碟 /dev/sda:64.4 GB, 64424509440 位元組,125829120 個扇區
Units = 扇區 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區大小(邏輯/物理):512 位元組 / 512 位元組
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 位元組 / 512 位元組
磁碟標籤型別:dos
磁碟識別符號:0x000a89c1

   裝置 Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200    41943039    19921920   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3        41943040   125829119    41943040   8e  Linux LVM

磁碟 /dev/mapper/cl-root:18.2 GB, 18249416704 位元組,35643392 個扇區
Units = 扇區 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區大小(邏輯/物理):512 位元組 / 512 位元組
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 位元組 / 512 位元組


磁碟 /dev/mapper/cl-swap:2147 MB, 2147483648 位元組,4194304 個扇區
Units = 扇區 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區大小(邏輯/物理):512 位元組 / 512 位元組
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 位元組 / 512 位元組

5.格式化分割槽,mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda3一直掛載的分割槽是sda3;

[[email protected] ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda3
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
檔案系統標籤=
OS type: Linux
塊大小=4096 (log=2)
分塊大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
2621440 inodes, 10485760 blocks
524288 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一個資料塊=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
320 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
	4096000, 7962624

Allocating group tables: 完成                            
正在寫入inode表: 完成                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成

6.輸入以下指令:

lvm    //進入lvm管理
lvm>pvcreate /dev/sda3   
lvm>vgextend cl /dev/sda3  //將初始化過的分割槽加入到虛擬卷組centos
lvm>vgdisplay -v
lvm>lvextend -l+10239 /dev/mapper/cl-root
lvm>pvdisplay   //檢視卷容量
lvm>quit   

具體如下操作:

[[email protected] ~]# lvm
lvm> pvcreate /dev/sda3
WARNING: ext3 signature detected on /dev/sda3 at offset 1080. Wipe it? [y/n]: y
  Wiping ext3 signature on /dev/sda3.
  Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.
lvm> vgextend cl /dev/sda3
  Volume group "cl" successfully extended
lvm> vgdisplay -v
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               cl
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               58.99 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              15102
  Alloc PE / Size       4863 / 19.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       10239 / 40.00 GiB
  VG UUID               on4380-dNuw-urE1-TJDY-35tA-4vfc-GpyR2G
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/cl/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                cl
  LV UUID                ZsoXDE-3M6U-G8y4-ciui-t4ZU-369P-LGDrfW
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time code, 2018-08-28 22:25:06 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                2.00 GiB
  Current LE             512
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:1
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/cl/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                cl
  LV UUID                6uJJVw-T2Ki-XTRF-ARJA-EkVl-3qz0-l86XMp
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time code, 2018-08-28 22:25:06 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                17.00 GiB
  Current LE             4351
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:0
   
  --- Physical volumes ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2     
  PV UUID               iFb3r2-umXf-IfjS-LCvb-pldM-x3Me-BHnhkJ
  PV Status             allocatable
  Total PE / Free PE    4863 / 0
   
  PV Name               /dev/sda3     
  PV UUID               WpJpn3-0ZO0-n52O-yLOo-I3Ki-f5SU-SQCKFY
  PV Status             allocatable
  Total PE / Free PE    10239 / 10239
   
lvm> lvextend -l+1298 /dev/mapper/cl-root
  Size of logical volume cl/root changed from 17.00 GiB (4351 extents) to 22.07 GiB (5649 extents).
  Logical volume cl/root successfully resized.
lvm> vgdisplay -v
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               cl
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  5
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               58.99 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              15102
  Alloc PE / Size       6161 / 24.07 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       8941 / 34.93 GiB
  VG UUID               on4380-dNuw-urE1-TJDY-35tA-4vfc-GpyR2G
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/cl/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                cl
  LV UUID                ZsoXDE-3M6U-G8y4-ciui-t4ZU-369P-LGDrfW
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time code, 2018-08-28 22:25:06 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                2.00 GiB
  Current LE             512
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:1
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/cl/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                cl
  LV UUID                6uJJVw-T2Ki-XTRF-ARJA-EkVl-3qz0-l86XMp
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time code, 2018-08-28 22:25:06 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                22.07 GiB
  Current LE             5649
  Segments               2
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:0
   
  --- Physical volumes ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2     
  PV UUID               iFb3r2-umXf-IfjS-LCvb-pldM-x3Me-BHnhkJ
  PV Status             allocatable
  Total PE / Free PE    4863 / 0
   
  PV Name               /dev/sda3     
  PV UUID               WpJpn3-0ZO0-n52O-yLOo-I3Ki-f5SU-SQCKFY
  PV Status             allocatable
  Total PE / Free PE    10239 / 8941
   
lvm> lvextend -l+8941 /dev/mapper/cl-root
  Size of logical volume cl/root changed from 22.07 GiB (5649 extents) to 56.99 GiB (14590 extents).
  Logical volume cl/root successfully resized.
lvm> pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2
  VG Name               cl
  PV Size               19.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              4863
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          4863
  PV UUID               iFb3r2-umXf-IfjS-LCvb-pldM-x3Me-BHnhkJ
   
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda3
  VG Name               cl
  PV Size               40.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              10239
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          10239
  PV UUID               WpJpn3-0ZO0-n52O-yLOo-I3Ki-f5SU-SQCKFY
lvm> quit
  Exiting.
[[email protected] ~]# 

7.使用命令xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/cl-root擴充套件容量。
8.使用df -h可以看到擴充套件成功。

[[email protected] ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/cl-root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/cl-root    isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=1113856 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=4455424, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 4455424 to 14940160
[[email protected] ~]# df -h
檔案系統               容量  已用  可用 已用% 掛載點
/dev/mapper/cl-root   57G  4.8G   53G    9% /
devtmpfs             902M     0  902M    0% /dev
tmpfs                912M     0  912M    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                912M  8.6M  904M    1% /run
tmpfs                912M     0  912M    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1           1014M  139M  876M   14% /boot
tmpfs                183M     0  183M    0% /run/user/0
[[email protected] ~]# 

—the–end—