Android apk增量升級
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-10
前言
別看本文看上去很簡單,實際在實驗過程中遇到了很多問題,比如andorid studio下ndk編譯報錯,而本文呈現給大家的都是最終可行的方法.
所需資源
- bzip2
- bsdiff
- ndk
- 兩個不同版本的測試apk
原理
- 在伺服器端，生成最新版與之前所有版本的差分包,為什麼是所有版本,因為我們無法知道使用者當前版本是什麼版本
- 在手機客戶端更新程式時,下載差分包,使用已安裝的舊版apk與這個差分包,合成為一個新版apk
- 校驗新合成的apk檔案是否完整，檢驗合成版本的簽名是否和已安裝客戶端一致,如一致則提示使用者安裝
生成差分包
下載生成差分包所需依賴檔案
新建專案並呼叫native程式碼
新建java層類
package cn.edu.zafu.util;
public class DiffAndPatch {
static {
System.loadLibrary("DiffAndPatch");
}
public static native int generateDiff(String oldApkPath, String newApkPath,
String patchPath);
public static native int applyPatch(String oldApkPath, String newApkPath,
String patchPath);
} 進入專案bin目錄,使用javah命令建立標頭檔案
javah cn.edu.zafu.util.DiffAndPatch
將標頭檔案複製到jni資料夾下(自己建立),複製一份修改後綴名為.c
將裡面的內容清除,複製下面的程式碼進去
#include "cn_edu_zafu_util_DiffAndPatch.h"
#include <time.h>
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*
* Class: cn_edu_zafu_util_DiffAndPatch
* Method: generateDiff
* Signature 將相關依賴檔案複製到jni目錄下,對應的檔案從下載下來的bsdiff和bzip2中尋找,檔案清單如圖
注意bsdiff.c和bspatch.c裡面的main函式名分別修改成generatePatch和applyPatch。
並在jni檔案下新建Makefile檔案,內容如下,對應的jdk目錄修改為自己電腦的目錄.
CC := gcc
CFLAGS := -I /opt/java/jdk1.8.0_25/include -I /opt/java/jdk1.8.0_25/include/linux -I /usr/include
LDFLAGS := -fPIC -shared
SOURCE := $(wildcard *.c *.h)
libDiffAndPatch.so: $(SOURCE)
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $^ -o libDiffAndPatch.so
clean:
rm libDiffAndPatch.so增加native library location.專案檔案右鍵Propreties->Java Build Path->Libraryies->JRE System Library->Native Library Location雙擊後指向jni目錄
命令列進入jni目錄進行編譯
編寫測試程式碼,將apk檔案置於對應資料夾下,這裡是/home/lizhangqu/apk/這個目錄下
package cn.edu.zafu;
import cn.edu.zafu.util.DiffAndPatch;
public class Test {
// 舊版本
public static final String OLD_APK = "/home/lizhangqu/apk/ApkPatchTestVersion_1.apk";
// 新版本
public static final String NEW_APK = "/home/lizhangqu/apk/ApkPatchTestVersion_2.apk";
// patch儲存路徑
public static final String PATCH_FILE = "/home/lizhangqu/apk/version_1_to_version_2_.patch";
// 使用舊版本+patch包，合成的新版本
public static final String OLD_TO_NEW_APK = "/home/lizhangqu/apk/generated.apk";
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("正在生成檔案,可能需要一段時間,請稍後...");
DiffAndPatch.generateDiff(OLD_APK, NEW_APK, PATCH_FILE);
}
}
最終會輸出以下資訊
正在生成檔案,可能需要一段時間,請稍後...
-----generateDiff start-----
old apk = /home/lizhangqu/apk/ApkPatchTestVersion_1.apk
new apk = /home/lizhangqu/apk/ApkPatchTestVersion_2.apk
patch = /home/lizhangqu/apk/version_1_to_version_2_.patch
start to generate patch file
finish to generate patch file
generateDiff result = 0
time spended 2.595576 s
-----generateDiff end-----
將舊版本安裝在手機上,將生成的patch拷到手機上.這裡拷到手機記憶體卡根路徑下apk資料夾裡
手機端合成apk並檢驗
使用android studio新建專案,建立java層呼叫native層程式碼
package cn.edu.zafu.util;
/**
* 類說明： apk 合成工具類
*
* @author lizhangqu
* @date 2015-5-29
* @version 1.0
*/
public class PatchUtil {
static {
System.loadLibrary("Patch");
}
/**
* @param oldApkPath 舊包路徑
* @param newApkPath 生成的包路徑
* @param patchPath patch路徑
* @return
*/
public static native int applyPatch(String oldApkPath, String newApkPath,
String patchPath);
}
build後開啟android studio裡的終端使用javah命令生成標頭檔案
cd app/src/main
javah -d jni -classpath "/media/lizhangqu/windows/sdk/platforms/android-22/android.jar:../../build/intermediates/classes/debug/" cn.edu.zafu.util.PatchUtil之後再jni目錄裡會有標頭檔案生成，複製一份改字尾為.c，裡面實現的內容如下
#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_cn_edu_zafu_util_PatchUtil_applyPatch
(JNIEnv *env, jclass arg, jstring oldApk, jstring newApk, jstring patch){
printf("-----applyPatch start-----\n");
clock_t start, finish;
double duration;
int argc = 4;
char * argv[argc];
argv[0] = "bspatch";
argv[1] = (char*) ((*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, oldApk, 0));
argv[2] = (char*) ((*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, newApk, 0));
argv[3] = (char*) ((*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, patch, 0));
printf("old apk = %s \n", argv[1]);
printf("patch = %s \n", argv[3]);
printf("new apk = %s \n", argv[2]);
printf("start to apply patch file\n");
start = clock();
int ret = applyPatch(argc, argv);
finish = clock();
printf("finish to apply patch file\n");
duration = (double)(finish - start) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
printf("applyPatch result = %d \n", ret);
printf("time spended %f s \n",duration);
(*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, oldApk, argv[1]);
(*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, newApk, argv[2]);
(*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, patch, argv[3]);
printf("-----applyPatch end-----\n");
return ret;
}
將之前的生成差分包的專案jni目錄下除了Makefile檔案和自己生成的兩個檔案外,其餘檔案都拷到android studio 的jni目錄下.
在jni檔案下建立Android.mk,內容如下
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_MODULE := Patch
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \
blocksort.c\
bspatch.c\
bzip2.c\
bzlib.c\
bzlib.h\
bzlib_private.h\
cn_edu_zafu_util_PatchUtil.c\
cn_edu_zafu_util_PatchUtil.h\
compress.c\
crctable.c\
decompress.c\
huffman.c\
randtable.c\
include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
在jni目錄下建立Application.mk,內容如下
APP_ABI := armeabi
APP_PLATFORM :=android-15
APP_PLATFORM一定要,否則編譯的時候會報錯
禁用android studio自帶的ndk build並使用自己的Android.mk和Application.mk檔案
在local.properties里加入ndk目錄
ndk.dir=/media/lizhangqu/windows/sdk/android-ndk-r10e修改app目錄下的build.gradle檔案,最終內容如下
import org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.condition.Os
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 22
buildToolsVersion "22.0.1"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "cn.edu.zafu.patch"
minSdkVersion 15
targetSdkVersion 22
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
sourceSets.main.jni.srcDirs = [] // disable automatic ndk-build call, which ignore our Android.mk
sourceSets.main.jniLibs.srcDir 'src/main/libs'
// call regular ndk-build(.cmd) script from app directory
task ndkBuild(type: Exec) {
workingDir file('src/main')
commandLine getNdkBuildCmd()
}
tasks.withType(JavaCompile) {
compileTask -> compileTask.dependsOn ndkBuild
}
task cleanNative(type: Exec) {
workingDir file('src/main')
commandLine getNdkBuildCmd(), 'clean'
}
clean.dependsOn cleanNative
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:22.1.1'
}
def getNdkDir() {
if (System.env.ANDROID_NDK_ROOT != null)
return System.env.ANDROID_NDK_ROOT
Properties properties = new Properties()
properties.load(project.rootProject.file('local.properties').newDataInputStream())
def ndkdir = properties.getProperty('ndk.dir', null)
if (ndkdir == null)
throw new GradleException("NDK location not found. Define location with ndk.dir in the local.properties file or with an ANDROID_NDK_ROOT environment variable.")
return ndkdir
}
def getNdkBuildCmd() {
def ndkbuild = getNdkDir() + "/ndk-build"
if (Os.isFamily(Os.FAMILY_WINDOWS))
ndkbuild += ".cmd"
return ndkbuild
}編寫更新程式碼,假設已經將patch下載到本地
package cn.edu.zafu;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import cn.edu.zafu.util.ApkUtil;
import cn.edu.zafu.util.PatchUtil;
import cn.edu.zafu.util.SignUtil;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private static final String ROOT_PATH= Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
private static final String PACKAGE_NAME="com.sina.weibo";
// patch儲存路徑
public static final String PATCH_FILE = "/apk/weibo.patch";
// 使用舊版本+patch包，合成的新版本
public static final String OLD_TO_NEW_APK = "/apk/generated.apk";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
boolean isInstalled=ApkUtil.isInstalled(getApplicationContext(), PACKAGE_NAME);
if(isInstalled){
String source=ApkUtil.getSourceApkPath(getApplicationContext(),PACKAGE_NAME);
Log.d("TAG",source);
Log.d("TAG",ROOT_PATH+OLD_TO_NEW_APK);
Log.d("TAG",ROOT_PATH+PATCH_FILE);
applyPatch(source,ROOT_PATH+OLD_TO_NEW_APK,ROOT_PATH+PATCH_FILE);
}
}
private void applyPatch(final String oldApk,final String newApk,final String patch) {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Log.d("TAG", "正在合成檔案,可能需要一段時間,請稍後...");
PatchUtil.applyPatch(oldApk, newApk, patch);
String oldSign=SignUtil.getInstalledApkSignature(getApplicationContext(), PACKAGE_NAME);
String newSign=SignUtil.getUnInstalledApkSignature(newApk);
if(oldSign.equals(newSign)){
Log.d("TAG", "簽名相同");
ApkUtil.installApk(MainActivity.this, newApk);
}else{
Log.d("TAG","簽名錯誤");
}
}
}).start();
}
}
工具類程式碼就不貼了,其作用就跟名字一樣.還有注意的就是記得加讀取記憶體卡的許可權.
這時候build一下,再執行程式,記得把patch檔案放在對應的檔案目錄下,不出意外,幾秒鐘之後就會合成新包並進行安裝.