一、PXE簡介

         PXE(preboot execute environment，預啟動執行環境)是由Intel公司開發的最新技術，工作於Client/Server的網路模式，支援工作站通過網路從遠端伺服器下載映像，並由此支援通過網路啟動作業系統，在啟動過程中，終端要求伺服器分配IP地址，再用TFTP（trivial file transfer protocol）或MTFTP(multicast trivial file transfer protocol)協議下載一個啟動軟體包到本機記憶體中執行，由這個啟動軟體包完成終端（客戶端）基本軟體設定，從而引導預先安裝在伺服器中的終端作業系統。PXE可以引導多種作業系統，如：

二、網線安裝步驟

一、搭建dhcp環境

[[email protected] ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname pxe-server.westos.com

安裝dhcp
[[email protected] ~]# yum install dhcp -y

[[email protected] ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

option domain-name "westos.com";
option domain-name-servers 172.25.254.102;
subnet 172.25.254.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range 172.25.254.60  172.25.254.80;
  option routers 172.25.254.102;
}

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart dhcpd

二、配置讀取引導檔案

安裝軟體

[[email protected] ~]# yum install syslinux tftp-server -y

[[email protected] ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0  /var/lib/tftpboot/

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig --list

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart xinetd.service

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

  next-server 172.25.254.102;
  filename "pxelinux.0";

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart dhcpd.service

三、配置介面

[[email protected] ~]# cd /var/lib/tftpboot/
[[email protected] tftpboot]# ls
pxelinux.0
[[email protected] tftpboot]# mkdir pxelinux.cfg
[[email protected] tftpboot]# ls
pxelinux.0  pxelinux.cfg
[[email protected] tftpboot]# cd pxelinux.cfg/

[[email protected] pxelinux.cfg]# ls
isolinux.cfg
[[email protected] pxelinux.cfg]# mv isolinux.cfg default
[[email protected] pxelinux.cfg]# ls
default

[[email protected] pxelinux.cfg]# cd ..
[[email protected] tftpboot]# ls
pxelinux.0  pxelinux.cfg
[[email protected] tftpboot]# pwd
/var/lib/tftpboot

[[email protected] tftpboot]# ls

編輯配置檔案修改 時間  標題

[[email protected] tftpboot]# vim pxelinux.cfg/default

[[email protected] tftpboot]# systemctl start dhcpd
[[email protected] tftpboot]# systemctl status dhcpd

四、配置進行自動安裝

[[email protected] tftpboot]# cd pxelinux.cfg/
[[email protected] pxelinux.cfg]# ls
default
[[email protected] pxelinux.cfg]# vim default
 2 timeout 100
61 label linux
 62   menu label AUTOMAC INSTALL linux
 63   menu default
 64   kernel vmlinuz
 65   append initrd=initrd.img repo=http://172.25.254.3/test  ks= http://172.25.254.102/ks.cfg

[[email protected] ~]# yum install httpd -y  安裝http

[[email protected] ~]# yum install system-config-kickstart.noarch
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start httpd

[[email protected] ~]# system-config-kickstart

[[email protected] ~]# cd /var/www/html/

[[email protected] html]# vim ks.cfg

寫入：
timezone Asia/Shanghai

%packages
@base
@core
@fonts
@gnome-desktop
@input-methods
@x11
vnc
lftp
%end

%post
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo <<EOF
[rhel7.3]
name=rhel7.3
baseurl=http://172.25.254.3/test
gpgcheck=0
EOF
%end

[[email protected] html]# ksvalidator ks.cfg

[[email protected] html]# systemctl restart xinetd.service
[[email protected] html]# systemctl restart dhcpd.service

五、測試：建立虛擬機器網路引導 開啟自動安裝虛擬機器