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北斗導航系統、GPS、GLONASS訊號頻率

民用方面:

GLONASS:L1=1602+0.5625*k(MHz)和L2=1246+0.4375*k(MHz) L1/L2=9/7

GPS:L1 :1575.42 +/-10 MHz L2:1227.60 +/-10MHz

單頻接收機只能接收L1載波訊號,測定載波相位觀測值進行定位。由於不能有效消除電離層延遲影響,單頻接收機只適用於短基線(<15km)的精密定位。

雙頻接收機可以同時接收L1,L2載波訊號。利用雙頻對電離層延遲的不一樣,可以消除電離層對電磁波訊號的延遲的影響,因此雙頻接收機可用於長達幾千公里的精密定位。

北斗:B1:1561.098   B2:1207.14

1561.098 MHz (B1), 1589.742 MHz(B1-2),1207.14 MHz (B2), 1268.52 MHz (B3)每個載波訊號均有正交調製的普通測距碼(I支路)和精密測距碼(Q支路)。衛星以不同地址碼區分(CDMA)。

伽利略:1589.74 MHz(E1:1587-1591)、1561.1 MHz(E2:1559-1563)、1278.75 MHz(E6)、1176.45MHz(E5a)、1207.14(E5b)

從上看來,伽利略的頻率幾乎和北斗完全重合!!不過考慮到一定的頻寬以及CDMA的調製模式,訊號是可以共存的。

北斗導航建設規劃:

Till the year Constellation                         Signals (actualemission)

2012        5GEO+5IGSO+4MEO

(Regional Service)mainly COMPASS Phase(CP) II signals

2020        5GEO+3IGSO+27MEO

(Global Service)mainly CP III signals

CP II: B1, B2, and B3 as below

Component Carrier Frequency(MHz)  ChipRate(cps)  Bandwidth(MHz)  Modulation Type Service Type

B1(I)         1561.098         2.046         4.092         QPSK     Open

B1(Q)         1561.098                2.046         4.092           QPSK        Authorized

B2(I)         1207.14                 2.046         24         QPSK     Open

B2(Q)         1207.14                 10.23         24              QPSK        Authorized

B3        1268.52                 10.23         24         QPSK     Authorized

CP III: B1, B2 and B3 as below

Component Carrier Frequency(MHz)  Chip Rate(cps)  Data/Symbol Rate (bps/sps) Modulation TypeService Type

B1-Cd         1575.42                 1.023         50/100                    MBOC(6,1,1/11) Open

B1-Cp         1575.42                 1.023           No                         MBOC(6,1,1/11) Open

B1-A        1575.42                 2.046         50/100                    BOC(14,2)   Authorized                                                     

B2aD        1191.795         10.23         25/50                    AltBOC(15,10 ) Open

B2aP        1191.795                10.23           No                         AltBOC(15,10 ) Open

B2bD        1191.795                10.23           50/100                     AltBOC(15,10 ) Open

B2bP        1191.795                10.23           No                         AltBOC(15,10 ) Open

B3        1268.52                 10.23         500bps                    QPSK(10)    Authorized

B3-AD         1268.52                 2.5575         50/100                    BOC(15,2.5)    Authorized

B3-AP           1268.52                 2.5575          No                         BOC(15,2.5)    Authorized

北斗導航系統效能指標(免費使用)

Open Service:freeand open to users

Positioning Accuracy: 10 m

Timing Accuracy: 20 ns      

Velocity Accuracy: 0.2 m/s