Python:用tkinter做的秒錶和時鐘
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-01-10
Python都搞了半年了,連個介面都沒搞過,是不是有點遺憾…
網上有一段程式碼,基於Tkinter的,還是比較好理解。和Java Swing有點像……
寫介面,註冊監聽函式,實現監聽函式……
除了程式碼沒有原創,其他的文字部分都是原創的……
from tkinter import * import time class StopWatch(Frame): '''實現一個秒錶部件''' msec = 50 def __init__(self, parent=None, **kw): Frame.__init__(self, parent, kw) self._start = 0.0 self._elapsedtime = 0.0 self._running = False self.timestr = StringVar() self.makeWidgets() self.flag = True def makeWidgets(self): '''製作時間標籤''' l = Label(self, textvariable = self.timestr) self._setTime(self._elapsedtime) l.pack(fill = X, expand = NO, pady = 2, padx = 2) def _update(self): self._elapsedtime = time.time() - self._start self._setTime(self._elapsedtime) self._timer = self.after(self.msec, self._update) def _setTime(self, elap): '''將時間格式改為 分:秒:百分秒''' minutes = int(elap/60) seconds = int(elap-minutes*60.0) hseconds = int((elap - minutes*60.0 - seconds) *100) self.timestr.set('%2d:%2d:%2d' %(minutes, seconds, hseconds)) def Start(self): if not self._running: self._start = time.time() - self._elapsedtime self._update() self._running = True def Stop(self): '''停止秒錶''' if self._running: self.after_cancel(self._timer) self._elapsedtime = time.time() - self._start self._setTime(self._elapsedtime) self._running = False def Reset(self): '''重設秒錶''' self._start = time.time() self._elapsedtime = 0.0 self._setTime(self._elapsedtime) def stopwatch(self): if self.flag == True: self.pack(side = TOP) Button(self, text = 'start', command = self.Start).pack(side = LEFT) Button(self, text = 'stop', command = self.Stop).pack(side = LEFT) Button(self, text = 'reset', command = self.Reset).pack(side = LEFT) Button(self, text = 'quit', command = self.quit).pack(side = LEFT) self.flag = False class Watch(Frame): msec = 1000 def __init__(self, parent=None, **kw): Frame.__init__(self, parent, kw) self._running = False self.timestr1 = StringVar() self.timestr2 = StringVar() self.makeWidgets() self.flag = True def makeWidgets(self): l1 = Label(self, textvariable = self.timestr1) l2 = Label(self, textvariable = self.timestr2) l1.pack() l2.pack() def _update(self): self._settime() self.timer = self.after(self.msec, self._update) def _settime(self): today1 = str(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(time.time()))) time1 = str(time.strftime('%H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))) self.timestr1.set(today1) self.timestr2.set(time1) def start(self): self._update() self.pack(side = TOP) if __name__ == '__main__': def main(): root = Tk() root.geometry('250x150') frame1 = Frame(root) frame1.pack(side = BOTTOM) sw = StopWatch(root) stpwtch = Button(frame1, text = '秒錶', command = sw.stopwatch) stpwtch.pack(side = RIGHT) mw = Watch(root) mywatch = Button(frame1, text = '時鐘', command = mw.start) mywatch.pack(side = LEFT) root.mainloop() main()
值得學習的是怎麼讓label裡的text發生變化。
這裡,label並不是用的“text”屬性來設定文字,而是用的textvariable屬性。
假如label的textvariable = text_str
那麼只要text_str發生了一些變化,label介面上的文字也會跟著變。
如果使用label的text的話,要我們自己寫程式碼去控制 lable1['text'] = '新的text'…
和它的名字一致,我暫時覺得textvariable更方便。