1，plist
使用plist儲存資料，首先要指定路徑（一般在Document路徑下），plist只支援以下的型別：
NSArray;
NSMutableArray;
NSDictionary;
NSMutableDictionary;
NSData;
NSMutableData;
NSString;
NSMutableString;
NSNumber;
NSDate;

2.preference偏好設定（也就是經常說的Userdefault）
偏好設定是專門用來儲存應用程式的配置資訊的，一般不要在偏好設定中儲存其他資料。
如果沒有呼叫synchronize方法，系統會根據I/O情況不定時刻地儲存到檔案中。所以如果需要立即寫入檔案的就必須呼叫synchronize方法。

3.歸檔
NSCoding協議聲明瞭兩個方法，這兩個方法都是必須實現的。一個用來說明如何將物件編碼到歸檔中，另一個說明如何進行解檔來獲取一個新物件。

遵循協議和設定屬性
//1.遵循NSCoding協議
@interface Person : NSObject //2.設定屬性
@property (strong, nonatomic) UIImage *avatar;
@property (copy, nonatomic) NSString *name;
@property (assign, nonatomic) NSInteger age;
@end
實現協議方法
//解檔
- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder {
if ([super init]) {
self.avatar = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@”avatar”];
self.name = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@”name”];
self.age = [aDecoder decodeIntegerForKey:@”age”];
}
return self;
}
//歸檔
- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder {
[aCoder encodeObject:self.avatar forKey:@”avatar”];
[aCoder encodeObject:self.name forKey:@”name”];
[aCoder encodeInteger:self.age forKey:@”age”];
}

具體實現
plist
NSString*Path=NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES).firstObject
//儲存
-(void)SaveDataWithFileName:(NSString )filename InserteNSArray:(NSArray )insertearray{

// NSString *path = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES).firstObject;
NSString *fileName = [Path stringByAppendingPathComponent:filename];

[insertearray writeToFile:fileName atomically:YES];

}
//讀取
-(NSArray )seleteDataWithFileName:(NSString )filename{

NSString *fileName = [Path stringByAppendingPathComponent:filename];

NSArray *result = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:fileName];

return result;

}

偏好設定
-(void)SaveDataWithPreference:(NSDictionary )insertedictionary KeyName:(NSString )keyname{

NSUserDefaults *userdefaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
[userdefaults setObject:insertedictionary[keyname] forKey:keyname];
[userdefaults synchronize];//最好設定為同步

}
-(NSString )getDataWithPreference:(NSString )keyname{

 NSUserDefaults *userdefaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
NSString *value = [userdefaults objectForKey:keyname];

return value;

}

歸檔
.h檔案
@interface testCoder : NSCoder
@property (nonatomic,copy)NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic,copy)NSString *male;
@property (nonatomic,assign)int age;
@property (nonatomic,strong)NSArray *arr;

@end

.m檔案
@implementation testCoder
//解檔
- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder {
if ([super init]) {
self.male = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@”male”];
self.name = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@”name”];
self.age = [aDecoder decodeIntForKey:@”age”];
self.arr = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@”arr”];
}

NSLog(@"解檔解檔解檔解檔");
return self;

}
//歸檔
- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder {
[aCoder encodeObject:self.male forKey:@”male”];
[aCoder encodeObject:self.name forKey:@”name”];
[aCoder encodeInteger:self.age forKey:@”age”];
[aCoder encodeObject:self.arr forKey:@”arr”];

 NSLog(@"歸檔歸檔歸檔歸檔");

}

@end

呼叫
NSString *file = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES).firstObject stringByAppendingPathComponent:@”person.data”];

//儲存
for (NSDictionary *dict in array) {

    testCoder *testcoder = [[testCoder alloc] init];
    testcoder.male = dict[@"male"];
    testcoder.name = dict[@"name"];
    testcoder.age = [dict[@"age"]intValue];
    testcoder.arr = array;
    [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:testcoder toFile:file];
}

//讀取
testCoder *person = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:file];