使用ip代理伺服器可以防止在爬蟲時被封本機ip。國內免費的高匿代理可以選擇西刺網

總體目標是寫一個爬蟲，將這些欄位儲存在資料庫中，然後篩選速度快的作為代理伺服器，實現ip代理池。

在這裡使用requests庫來實現。程式碼如下

import requests
def crawl_ips():
    #爬取西刺的免費高匿IP代理
    headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:58.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/58.0"}
    re = requests.get("http://www.xicidaili.com/nn", headers = headers)
    print(re.text)

print(crawl_ips())
 

發現可以爬取到，接下來就是對爬到的資料進行解析入庫。

開啟web控制檯

import requests
from scrapy.selector import Selector



def crawl_ips():
    #爬取西刺的免費高匿IP代理
    headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:58.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/58.0"}
    re = requests.get("http://www.xicidaili.com/nn", headers = headers)

    selector = Selector(text=re.text)
    all_trs = selector.css("#ip_list tr")

    for tr in all_trs[1:]:
        speed_str = tr.css(".bar::attr(title)").extract()[0]
        if speed_str:
            speed = float(speed_str.split("秒")[0])
        all_texts = tr.css("td::text").extract()
        print(all_texts)

print(crawl_ips())
 

打斷點測試

然後根據這個提取。

程式碼如下

import requests
import re
from scrapy.selector import Selector



def crawl_ips():
    #爬取西刺的免費高匿IP代理
    headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:58.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/58.0"}
    for i in range(1568):
        res = requests.get(
            "http://www.xicidaili.com/nn/{0}".format(i),
            headers=headers)

        selector = Selector(text=res.text)
        all_trs = selector.css("#ip_list tr")

        ip_list = []
        for tr in all_trs[1:]:
            speed_str = tr.css(".bar::attr(title)").extract()[0]
            if speed_str:
                speed = float(speed_str.split("秒")[0])
            all_texts = tr.css("td::text").extract()
            match_obj1 = re.match(".*'HTTPS'.*", str(all_texts))
            match_obj2 = re.match(".*'HTTP'.*", str(all_texts))
            proxy_type = ""
            if match_obj1:
                proxy_type = "HTTPS"
            elif match_obj2:
                proxy_type = "HTTP"
            ip = all_texts[0]
            port = all_texts[1]

            ip_list.append((ip, port, proxy_type, speed))
            print(ip_list)
print(crawl_ips())
 

接下來就是將這些資料儲存到資料庫中。程式碼如下

import re
import requests
from scrapy.selector import Selector
import MySQLdb

conn = MySQLdb.connect(
    host="localhost",
    user="root",
    passwd="1234",
    db="jobbole",
    charset="utf8")
cursor = conn.cursor()


def crawl_ips():
    # 爬取西刺的免費ip代理
    headers = {
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:58.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/58.0"}
    for i in range(1568):
        res = requests.get(
            "http://www.xicidaili.com/nn/{0}".format(i),
            headers=headers)

        selector = Selector(text=res.text)
        all_trs = selector.css("#ip_list tr")

        ip_list = []
        for tr in all_trs[1:]:
            speed_str = tr.css(".bar::attr(title)").extract()[0]
            if speed_str:
                speed = float(speed_str.split("秒")[0])
            all_texts = tr.css("td::text").extract()
            match_obj1 = re.match(".*'HTTPS'.*", str(all_texts))
            match_obj2 = re.match(".*'HTTP'.*", str(all_texts))
            proxy_type = ""
            if match_obj1:
                proxy_type = "HTTPS"
            elif match_obj2:
                proxy_type = "HTTP"
            ip = all_texts[0]
            port = all_texts[1]

            ip_list.append((ip, port, proxy_type, speed))

        for ip_info in ip_list:
            cursor.execute(
                "insert xici(ip, port, speed, proxy_type) VALUES('{0}', '{1}', {2}, '{3}')".format(
                    ip_info[0], ip_info[1], ip_info[3], ip_info[2]))

            conn.commit()

可是問題來了，如下圖所示，資料庫連線成功了，可是卻進不去def crawl_ips()這個函式裡面。