21 大資料--Hbase命令
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-12
hbase提供了一個shell的終端給使用者互動(使用hbase)
[[email protected] bin]# ./hbase shell退出使用quit和Ctril+C即可；
注：需要關閉hadoop的安全模式不然進行一些操作，比如scan會卡住
進入到hadoop的bin目錄下
[[email protected] bin]# hadoop dfsadmin -safemode leave1、建立表
create ‘表名’,’列族1’,’列族2’,…’列族n’
create 'user1','info1','info2'2、檢視所有表（list）
hbase(main):002:0> list
1 row(s) in 1.4540 seconds
=> ["user1"]3、描述表
describe ‘表名’
hbase(main):014:0> describe 'user1' Table user1 is ENABLED COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION {NAME => 'info1', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => 'FOREVER', KE EP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'} {NAME => 'info2', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => 'FOREVER', KE EP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'} 2 row(s) in 0.0790 seconds
4、刪除表
注：刪除表之前需要先使表disable不然直接刪除會報錯，會提示先disable 表
disable ‘表名’
drop ‘表名’
hbase(main):004:0> disable 'user1' 0 row(s) in 1.4110 seconds hbase(main):005:0> drop 'user1' 0 row(s) in 0.2330 seconds hbase(main):006:0> list TABLE 0 row(s) in 0.0450 seconds => []
5、判斷表是否存在
hbase(main):013:0> exists 'user1'
Table user1 does exist
0 row(s) in 0.0980 seconds6、向表中新增記錄
create ‘表名’,’rowkey’(鍵),’列族:列名’,’值’
hbase(main):011:0> put 'user1','1234','info1:name','zhangsan'
0 row(s) in 0.1310 seconds7、掃描表
掃描整張表
hbase(main):015:0> scan 'user1'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
1234 column=info1:name, timestamp=1509303796190, value=zhangsan
1 row(s) in 0.0630 seconds注：hbase沒有直接修改操作，但是可以覆蓋，只要rowkey跟列族列名一致就會覆蓋
比如這裡要修改上面插入資料的info:name為’lisi’
hbase(main):002:0> put 'user1','1234','info1:name','list'
0 row(s) in 0.1470 seconds
hbase(main):003:0> scan 'user1'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
1234 column=info1:name, timestamp=1509304915052, value=list 但是如果rowkey相同，列族相同只要列名不同就只會新增而不會覆蓋
比如插入年齡為18歲
hbase(main):004:0> put 'user1','1234','info1:age','18'
0 row(s) in 0.0500 seconds
hbase(main):005:0> scan 'user1'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
1234 column=info1:age, timestamp=1509305017108, value=18
1234 column=info1:name, timestamp=1509304915052, value=list 8、查詢記錄數
注：rowkey相同的話只算一條
count ‘表名’
hbase(main):008:0> scan 'user1'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
1234 column=info1:age, timestamp=1509305121972, value=18
1234 column=info1:name, timestamp=1509304915052, value=list
12345 column=info1:age, timestamp=1509305156151, value=24
12345 column=info2:name, timestamp=1509305221477, value=lucy
2 row(s) in 0.0460 seconds
hbase(main):009:0> count 'user1'
2 row(s) in 0.0540 seconds
=> 29、查詢
獲取某個列族
獲取某個列族的列
hbase(main):010:0> get 'user1','1234','info1'
COLUMN CELL
info1:age timestamp=1509305121972, value=18
info1:name timestamp=1509304915052, value=list
2 row(s) in 0.0970 seconds
hbase(main):011:0> get 'user1','1234','info1:name'
COLUMN CELL
info1:name timestamp=1509304915052, value=list
1 row(s) in 0.0700 seconds查詢某個列，某個時間戳版本的值
get 'user1', '1234bbb', {COLUMN => 'info1:username',TIMESTAMP => 1538014481194}9、刪除記錄
可以刪除一個列族的一個列記錄
delete ‘表名’ ,‘rowkey’ , ‘列族：列’
也可以刪除一整行
deleteall ‘表名’,’rowkey;
hbase(main):012:0> scan 'user1'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
1234 column=info1:age, timestamp=1509305121972, value=18
1234 column=info1:name, timestamp=1509304915052, value=list
12345 column=info1:age, timestamp=1509305156151, value=24
12345 column=info2:name, timestamp=1509305221477, value=lucy
2 row(s) in 0.0930 seconds
hbase(main):013:0> delete 'user1','1234','info1:name'
0 row(s) in 0.1160 seconds
hbase(main):014:0> scan 'user1'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
1234 column=info1:age, timestamp=1509305121972, value=18
12345 column=info1:age, timestamp=1509305156151, value=24
12345 column=info2:name, timestamp=1509305221477, value=lucy
2 row(s) in 0.0430 seconds
hbase(main):018:0> deleteall 'user1','1234'
0 row(s) in 0.0130 seconds
hbase(main):019:0> scan 'user1'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
12345 column=info1:age, timestamp=1509305156151, value=24
12345 column=info2:name, timestamp=1509305221477, value=lucy
1 row(s) in 0.0570 seconds10、清空表
truncate ‘表名’
hbase(main):025:0> truncate 'user1'
Truncating 'user1' table (it may take a while):
- Disabling table...
- Truncating table...
0 row(s) in 1.5680 seconds
hbase(main):026:0> list
TABLE
user1
1 row(s) in 0.1010 seconds
=> ["user1"]
hbase(main):027:0> scan 'user1'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
0 row(s) in 0.0400 seconds