前言

個人部落格使用了阿里雲的伺服器，此文是筆者實現WordPress+Docker+MySQL主從同步架構的記錄。

環境

Docker version 1.13.1

LNMP：
- 阿里雲centos 7.3
- nginx version: nginx/1.12.2
- mysql5.6（Docker映象）
- PHP 5.4.16

WordPress:
- wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.zip

步驟

LNMP結構已經搭建好這裡不再累贅，Docker搭建MySQL主從兩個容器對映到了主機的3307埠(MySQL主節點)和3307埠(MySQL從節點)。

1、下載mysql5.6映象

[root@tender]# docker pull mysql:5.6

2、為容器建立對映的配置檔案目錄、資料目錄、和日誌目錄

[[email protected]]# tree .
├── mysql_master
│   ├── conf
│   ├── data
│   └── logs
├── mysql_slave
    ├── conf
    ├── data
    └── logs

3、在mysql_master、mysql_slave的conf資料夾下建立MySQL主從結構配置檔案，對映給容器時會使用這個配置檔案啟動MySQL。

mysql_master

[[email protected]]# vim mysql_master/conf/my.cnf
[mysqld]
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
symbolic-links=0
character-set-server = utf8
#skip-networking
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
max_connections = 2000
max_connect_errors = 6000
open_files_limit
 
 = 65535
table_open_cache = 128
max_allowed_packet = 4M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 28M
key_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 8M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
log-bin = mysql-bin
server-id = 1
binlog_format = mixed
performance_schema = 0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
#lower_case_table_names = 1
interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800
# Recommended in standard MySQL setup
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M

mysql_slave

[[email protected]]# vim mysql_slave/conf/my.cnf
[mysqld]
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
symbolic-links=0
character-set-server = utf8
#skip-networking
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
max_connections = 2000
max_connect_errors = 6000
open_files_limit = 65535
table_open_cache = 128
max_allowed_packet = 4M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 28M
key_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 8M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
log-bin = mysql-bin
server-id = 2
binlog_format = mixed
performance_schema = 0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
#lower_case_table_names = 1
interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800
# Recommended in standard MySQL setup
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M

4、 執行容器
mysql_master:

docker run -p 3307:3306 --name mastermysql -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v $PWD/logs:/logs -v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.6

mysql_slave:

docker run -p 3307:3306 --name mastermysql -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v $PWD/logs:/logs -v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.6

命令說明：

• -p 3306:3306：將容器的 3306 埠對映到主機的 3306 埠。
• -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d：將主機當前目錄下的conf/my.cnf 掛載到容器的 /etc/mysql/my.cnf。
• -v $PWD/logs:/logs：將主機當前目錄下的 logs 目錄掛載到容器的 /logs。
• -v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql ：將主機當前目錄下的data目錄掛載到容器的 /var/lib/mysql 。
• -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：初始化 root 使用者的密碼。

5、進入容器設定主從同步
mysql_master:

[[email protected]]# docker exec -it mastermysql /bin/bash
[email protected]:/# mysql -uroot -p
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 49
Server version: 5.6.40-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to [email protected]'%' identified by '123456';
 1 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
 1 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000004 |   1164 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
[email protected]:/# exit
exit
[[email protected]]#

mysql_slave:

[root@tender]# docker exec -it slavemysql /bin/bash
root@acdf13bf370a:/# mysql -uroot -p
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 5.6.40-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> change master to
    -> master_host='172.17.0.2',
    -> master_port=3306,
    -> master_user='relpuser',
    -> master_password='123456',
    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',
    -> master_log_pos=1163；
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
            ……
            Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
            ……

在MySQL從節點設定主節點時，master_host選項需要得到mastermysql那臺容器的ip，我們可以連線上mastermysql，鍵入命令cat /etc/hosts 可以看到容器ip：

root@cbf16fcfbc85:/# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost
……
172.17.0.2  cbf16fcfbc85

至此，Docker+MySQL主從結構搭建完成。使用mysql命令指定埠即可連入主庫。

6、wordpress搭建
軟體壓縮包：wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.zip

[[email protected]]# unzip wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.zip
[[email protected]]# cd wordpress
[[email protected]]# cp -Rr ./* /usr/local/nginx/html/

# 進入mastermysql，建立wordpress資料庫和使用者
[[email protected]]# docker exec -it mastermysql /bin/bash
[email protected]:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 51
Server version: 5.6.40-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database wordpress;
mysql> grant all on wordpress.* to [email protected]"%" identified by '123456';

最後，在瀏覽器訪問部落格IP地址，進入WordPress初始化設定介面，在資料庫名填上wordpress，資料庫地址填上伺服器ip:3307，也就是對映給mastermysql的埠，初始化設定完畢後，wordpress資料庫會自動生成部落格系統所需要的表。

再在瀏覽器訪問部落格IP地址，進入部落格，wordpress+Docker+MySQL主從結構搭建完成。